• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.15-15
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• 2002

In higher dicotyledonous plants, the floral organs are arranged in four different whorls, containing sepals, petals, stamens and carpels. petals, stamens and carpels. The specification of floral organ identity is explained by the ABC model (Weigel and Meyerowitz 1994). Expression of an A-function gene specifies sepal formation in whorl 1. the combination of A-and B-function genes specifies the formation of petals in whorl 2, B-and C-function genes spesify stamen formation in whorl 3, and expression of the C-function alone determines the formation of carpels in whorl 4. A-. B-, C-function genes have been isolated from many plant species and most of them belong to the family of MADS-box genes encoding transcription factor. In contrast to the flower of higher dicots, the perianths of genseng plants have three whorls of almost identical petaloid organs. van Tunen et al. (1993) proposed a modified ABC model, exemplified with tulip. In this model, B-function genes are expressed in whorl 1 as well as whorl 2 and 3, theefore the organs of whorl 1 and whorl 2 have the same petaloid structure. They proposed this model with the molphological data of wild type and mutant flowers of tulip, however, there are no molecular data.(중략)

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.525-538
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• 2022

This paper presents a more general model for T-shaped combined footings that support two columns aligned on a longitudinal axis and each column provides an axial load and two orthogonal moments. This model can be applied to the following conditions: (1) without restrictions on its sides, (2) a restricted side and (3) two opposite sides restricted. This model considers the linear soil pressure. The recently published works have been developed for a restricted side and for two opposite sides restricted by Luévanos-Rojas et al. (2018a, b). The current model considers the uniform pressure distribution because the position of the resultant force coincides with the center of gravity of the surface of the footing in contact with the soil in direction of the longitudinal axis where the columns are located. This paper shows three numerical examples. Example 1 is for a T-shaped combined footing with a limited side (one column is located on the property boundary). Example 2 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides (the two columns are located on the property boundary). Example 3 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides, one column is located in the center of the width of the upper flange (b₁/2=L₁), and other column is located at a distance half the width of the strip from the free end of the footing (b₂/2=b-L₁-L). The main advantage of this work over other works is that this model can be applied to T-shaped combined footings without restrictions on its sides, a restricted side and two opposite sides restricted. It also shows the deficiencies of the current model over the new model.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.187-193
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• 2006

In this paper, we study the coexistence of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based systems beyond 3G (B3G) and point-to-point (P-P) fixed service (FS) microwave systems. The advanced general analytical model derived via a power spectral density (PSD) analysis proposed in this paper has two advantages in comparison with the conventional minimum coupling loss (MCL) method. First, the interfering signal power that appears in the band of a victim system can be easily assessed without a spectrum emission mask. Second, when transmit power is not allocated to some subcarriers overlapping the band of the victim system in order to mitigate B3G OFDM-based systems interference with other systems, the general analytical model can successfully assess the interference from the B3G systems into FS systems, whereas the MCL method incorporating the spectrum emission mask cannot be applied in the presence of the same interference condition. The proposed model can be derived in a closed form and is simply implemented with the help of simulation, and thus the solution can be obtained in significantly reduced time. Through application of the proposed model, coexistence results are analyzed in a co-channel and adjacent channel with respect to guard band and minimum separation distance.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.291-304
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• 2013

By considering the creep characteristics of concrete core under eccentric compression, a creep model of concrete filled steel tubes (CFT) columns under eccentric compressive loads is proposed based on the concrete creep model B3. In this proposed model, a discrete element method is introduced to transform the eccentric loading into axial loading. The validity of the model is verified by comparing the predicting results with the published creep experiments results on CFT specimens under compressive loading, together with the predicting values based on other concrete creep models, such as ACI209, CEB90, GL2000 and elastic continuation and plastic flow theory. By using the proposed model, a parameters study is carried out to analysis the effects of practical design parameters, such as concrete mix (e.g. water to cement ratio, aggregate to cement ratio), steel ratio and eccentricity ratio, on the creep of CFT columns under eccentric compressive loading.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.731-733
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• 1996

In this paper, a new time-domain reduction method for unbalanced 3 phase power systems will be represented. The impulse response of the system is used to identify a discrete-time equivalent filter model. The model is formulated directly in the phase domain. Each phase has a self-mode equivalent model and two mutual-mode equivalent models. The equivalent model is determined by the transfer function identification technique based on the Prony analysis. The model is implemented in EMTDC and tested with an unbalanced 3 phase network. The result of test showed that the equivalent model is accurate.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1096-1105
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• 1996

A theoretical model of the frost formation has been presented to investigate the characteristics of the growth of frost layer by considering molecular diffusion of water vapor and heat generation caused by sublimation of water vapor in the frost layer. The present model was compared with existing experimental data as well as a previous model. The difference between the present model and existing experimental data was found to be about 6 percent. An analysis for the behavior of frost formation using present model shows a good agreement with the trend for a number of experimentally observed features. The present analysis can also provide the physical understanding on the phenomena of the frost formation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.5
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• pp.60-72
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• 1996

In this paper, a enw model-base three-dimensional (3-D) object recognition mehtod using hopfield network is proposed. To minimize deformation of feature values on 3-D rotation, we select 3-D shape features and 3-D relational features which have rotational invariant characteristics. Then these feature values are normalized to have scale invariant characteristics, also. The input features are matched with model features by optimization process of hopjfield network in the form of two dimensional arrayed neurons. Experimental results on object classification and object matching with the 3-D rotated, scale changed, an dpartial oculued objects show good performance of proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.57-68
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• 2012

The recent proliferation of various smart devices like the smartphone, tablet PC, and smart TV enables consumers to download various applications from the network and to access private files stored in their desktop server at any time and at any place. The trend of ubiquitous access seems to have become stronger and more diversified toward a ubiquitous network computing environment with the aggressive deployment of commercial cloud services. Recently, many Korean network service providers launched commercial B2C public cloud services, which were widely adopted by smart device users. They include Daum cloud, N drive, ucloud, and uplus box, mostly provided by major Korean telecom companies and portals. This paper aims to explore consumers' adoption behaviors toward the B2C public cloud services that were recently deployed in the Korean market. In order to achieve the goal, we identified key influencing factors that affect the consumers' adoption behaviors, based on an extension of the technology acceptance model (TAM). Several hundred smart device users were surveyed to test the generic regression model with the extended set of TAM variables.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1655-1659
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• 2008

Using numerical models, we investigated the efficiency of toxin removal using pulsatile flow in blood purification systems that use semipermeable membranes. The model consisted of a three-compartmental mass transfer model for the inside body and a solute kinetics model for the dialyzer. The model predicted the toxin concentration inside the body during blood purification therapy, and the toxin removal efficiencies at different flow configurations were compared quantitatively. According to the simulation results, the clearances of urea and ${\beta}_2$ microglobulin (B2M) using a pulsatile pump were improved by up to 30.9% for hemofiltration, with a 2.0% higher urea clearance and 4.6% higher B2M clearance for high flux dialysis, and a 3.9% higher urea clearance and 8.2% higher B2M clearance for hemodiafiltration. These results suggest that using a pulsatile blood pump in blood purification systems with a semipermeable membrane improves the efficacy of toxin removal, especially for large molecules and hemofiltration treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2003

This paper was conducted as an attempt in order to construct the data bank of target strength for acoustic estimation of fish length in the coastal waters of Korea. The fish length dependence of acoustic target strength for 13 large yellow croakers (Pseudosciaena crocea) at 75 kHz was investigated and the prediction of the target strength by using the Kirchhoff-Ray Mode model (KRM model) was compared with target strength measurements. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. In the averaged target strength pattern for 13 large yellow croakers the maximum target strength was -35.13 dB at $-13.35^{\circ}$ on a tilted angle. 2. The relationship between fork length(L, cm) and averaged target strength(TS, dB) was expressed as follows; TS=23. 76log (L) -73.45 (r=0.47) TS=20log(L) -67.35 From this result, the conversion coefficient was -73.45 dB and 6.1 dB lower than the coefficient -67.35 dB where the value of the slope of the regression equation is forced to be 20. 3. Averaged target strength and a length conversion coefficient derived from a target strength histogram for 13 large yellow croakers of mean length 25.59 cm were -41.23 dB, -69.72 dB, respectively. 4. In the range of $$2;{\ll} L (fish length /{\lambda}(wave length);{\ll}40$$, the prediction of the averaged target strength by the KRM model increased gradually with the increasing of $L/{\lambda}$ and was lower than the measured target strength.