• Title/Summary/Keyword: mmWaves

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Fabrication of AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs Pseudomorphic HEMT's for mm waves. (mm파 AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs Power PM-HEMT 제작 연구)

  • 이성대;허종곤이일형이진구
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 1998.10a
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    • pp.633-636
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    • 1998
  • In this study, power AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs PM-HEMT's for mm wave's were fabricated using Electron beam lithography and air-bridge techniques, and so on. DC and AC characteristics of the fabricated power PM-HEMTs were measured under the various bias conditions. For example, DC and RF characteristics such as S21 gain of 3.6 dB at 35 ㎓, current gain cut-off frequencies of 45 ㎓ and maximum oscillation frequencies of 100 ㎓ were carefully analyzed for design methodology of sub-mm wave power devices.

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Dependencies of phase velocities of ultrasonic guided waves on cortical thickness in soft tissue-bone mimicking phantoms (연조직-골 모사 팬텀에서 피질골 두께에 대한 유도초음파 위상속도의 의존성)

  • Lee, Kang Il
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.587-592
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    • 2021
  • Change in the cortical thickness of long bones occurring with aging and osteoporosis is known to be a risk factor for fracture. The present study aims to investigate the dependencies of phase velocities of ultrasonic guided waves on the cortical thickness in 7 soft tissue-bone mimicking phantoms consisting of acrylic plates covered by a 2 mm-thick silicone rubber layer by using the axial transmission technique with a pair of transducers with a center frequency of 200 kHz and a diameter of 12.7 mm. Two distinct propagating waves with different velocities, the First Arriving Signal (FAS) and the Slow Guided Waved (SGW), were consistently observed for all the soft tissue-bone mimicking phantoms. The FAS velocity decreased slightly with increasing thickness, whereas the SGW velocity increased strongly with increasing thickness. The FAS and the SGW velocities were found to be closely consistent with the S0 and the A0 Lamb mode velocities for a free acrylic plate, respectively, suggesting that the presence of the soft tissue mimicking material (2 mm-thick silicone rubber layer) covering the acrylic plates does not influence significantly the velocity measurements.

Lamb wave generation and analysis in a non-ferromagnetic plate using an orientation-adjustable patch-type magnetostrictive transducer (조향 자기변형 트랜스듀서(OPMT)를 이용한 비자성체 판구조물에서 램파 발생 및 신호해석)

  • Lee, Ju-Seung;Sun, Kyung-Ho;Cho, Seung-Hyun;Hong, Jin-Chul;Kim, Yoon-Young
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.542-545
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    • 2005
  • This paper is concerned wi th the generation of the Lamb waves in a non­ferromagnetic plate by a recently-developed orientation-adjustable patch-type magnetostrictive transducer (OPMT) and the dispersion analysis from the measured Lamb waves. OPMT is capable of adjusting wave-propagation orientation only with a single installation on a plate. The mechanics behind the wave generation and measurement by the magnetostrictive phenomenon, the working principle of OPMT is explained and the actual generation and measurement of the Lamb waves were conducted in a 3 mm-thick aluminum plate. For the accurate analysis of the dispersion characteristics of the measured Lamb waves, a modified version of the short-time Fourier transform, known as the dispersion-based short-time Fourier transform, was employed. The results presented in this work would serve as the underlying research for an advanced non-destructive evaluation based on ultrasonic waves.

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A Study For Optimizing Input Waveforms In Radiofrequency Liver Tumor Ablation Using Finite Element Analysis (유한 요소 해석을 이용한 고주파 간 종양 절제술의 입력 파형 최적화를 위한 연구)

  • Lim, Do-Hyung;NamGung, Bum-Seok;Lee, Tae-Woo;Choi, Jin-Seung;Tack, Gye-Rae;Kim, Han-Sung
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.235-243
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    • 2007
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma is significant worldwide public health problem with an estimated annually mortality of 1,000,000 people. Radiofrequency (RF) ablation is an interventional technique that in recent years has come to be used for treatment of the hepatocellualr carcinoma, by destructing tumor tissues in high temperatures. Numerous studies have been attempted to prove excellence of RF ablation and to improve its efficiency by various methods. However, the attempts are sometimes paradox to advantages of a minimum invasive characteristic and an operative simplicity in RF ablation. The aim of the current study is, therefore, to suggest an improved RF ablation technique by identifying an optimum RF pattern, which is one of important factors capable of controlling the extent of high temperature region in lossless of the advantages of RF ablation. Three-dimensional finite element (FE) model was developed and validated comparing with the results reported by literature. Four representative Rf patterns (sine, square, exponential, and simulated RF waves), which were corresponding to currents fed during simulated RF ablation, were investigated. Following parameters for each RF pattern were analyzed to identify which is the most optimum in eliminating effectively tumor tissues. 1) maximum temperature, 2) a degree of alteration of maximum temperature in a constant time range (30-40 second), 3) a domain of temperature over $47^{\circ}C$ isothermal temperature (IT), and 4) a domain inducing over 63% cell damage. Here, heat transfer characteristics within the tissues were determined by Bioheat Governing Equation. Developed FE model showed 90-95% accuracy approximately in prediction of maximum temperature and domain of interests achieved during RF ablation. Maximum temperatures for sine, square, exponential, and simulated RF waves were $69.0^{\circ}C,\;66.9^{\circ}C,\;65.4^{\circ}C,\;and\;51.8^{\circ}C$, respectively. While the maximum temperatures were decreased in the constant time range, average time intervals for sine, square, exponential, and simulated RE waves were $0.49{\pm}0.14,\;1.00{\pm}0.00,\;1.65{\pm}0.02,\;and\;1.66{\pm}0.02$ seconds, respectively. Average magnitudes of the decreased maximum temperatures in the time range were $0.45{\pm}0.15^{\circ}C$ for sine wave, $1.93{\pm}0.02^{\circ}C$ for square wave, $2.94{\pm}0.05^{\circ}C$ for exponential wave, and $1.53{\pm}0.06^{\circ}C$ for simulated RF wave. Volumes of temperature domain over $47^{\circ}C$ IT for sine, square, exponential, and simulated RF waves were 1480mm3, 1440mm3, 1380mm3, and 395mm3, respectively. Volumes inducing over 63% cell damage for sine, square, exponential, and simulated RF waves were 114mm3, 62mm3, 17mm3, and 0mm3, respectively. These results support that applying sine wave during RF ablation may be generally the most optimum in destructing effectively tumor tissues, compared with other RF patterns.

A Study on Model Establishment and Structural Analysis for Gun Blast Load (기총 폭발 하중에 대한 모델 수립과 구조 해석에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dae-Kwan;Han, Jae-Hung;Jang, Jae-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.33 no.7
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    • pp.33-39
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    • 2005
  • A mathematical model, GUNBLAST, of blast waves emitted from a gun muzzle is established, and structural response analyses for the blast load are performed. The blast wave can be divided into two kinds of waves, free field and reflected blast waves. In this research, the free field blast wave model is established by the use of a scaling approach, and the reflected blast wave is calculated by using the oblique shock theory and computational fluid dynamic calculation. GUNBLAST is applied to two kinds of structural models. To investigate the effect of the muzzle distance from a structural surface, the blast waves on a plate for various muzzle distances are compared to uniform loads. Moreover, the transient response analysis of an aircraft wing model with a 12.7mm gun is carried out by using MSC/NASTRAN. From the results, it can be shown that the blast wave can cause broad random vibration and high frequency damage to equipments mounted in the aircraft.

Fabrication of Dual-mode Ultrasonic Transducer using PZT

  • Kim, Yeon-Bo;Park, Youn-Rae
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.15 no.10
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    • pp.914-920
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    • 2002
  • This study investigates the mechanism of a dual mode probe that generates both of the longitudinal and shear waves simultaneously with a single FZT element. Most of conventional ultrasonic probes are constructed to generate either longitudinal or shear waves. After poling, PZT has the hexagonal 6mm crystal symmetry. All possible crystal cuts are checked to determine appropriate Euler transformation angles for efficient excitation of dual modes. For the selected cut, performance of the dual mode element is analyzed through numerical simulation and experiments. Results of the analysis determine the optimal crystal cut for simultaneous generation of P and S waves of equal strength.

Mode Selection of Leaky Lamb Waves in Steel Plate

  • Lee, Ju-Won;Kim, Jeong-Tae;Cho, Hyun-Man;Na, Won-Bae
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.6-12
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    • 2008
  • The dispersion and attenuation of Lamb and Leaky Lamb waves propagating in a 1 mm-thick steel plate were investigated. For acquiring a long(or large) range inspection capability, the fundamental symmetric and anti-symmetric wave modes(S0 and A0) over law frequencies were studied. Based on the dispersion curves, as well as pitch-catch and multi-mode simulations, it was shown that the S0 mode over law frequencies is the proper mode to minimize the dispersion and attenuation. In addition, it was shown that the S0 mode couldbe easily distinguished under multi-mode simulation since it has a larger group velocity than the A0 mode.

Effect of Millimeter Waves on Quality Characteristics of Cheonggukjang (밀리미터파 처리가 청국장의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Seo, Dong-Ho;Kim, Mi-Seon;Kum, Jun-Seok
    • Food Engineering Progress
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.126-131
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    • 2017
  • Millimeter waves are electromagnetic waves with frequencies of 30-300 GHz (wavelength 1-10 mm), and millimeter wave stimulation affects microorganism growth. The present study stimulated Bacillus subtilis with 60 and 70 GHz millimeter waves during cheonggukjang fermentation and characterized the effects on cheonggukjang quality. Cheonggukjang treated with millimeter wave irradiation showed no significant difference in total bacterial count but generated only 5.52-5.92% viscous substance. Irradiation with 60 GHz millimeter waves yielded bright and intense color values relative to 70 GHz millimeter waves. Examination of the amylase activity and reducing sugar content of finished cheonggukjang revealed that irradiation at 70 GHz inhibited amylase activity in cheonggukjang. Furthermore, irradiation at 70 GHz increased protease activity, whereas irradiation at 60 GHz inhibited the activity. Moreover, the amino acid content changed with millimeter wave irradiation.

Study on Stress Waves for Development of Glulam from Domestic Small Diameter Log (II) - Static Bending Properties of Glulam Member - (국산 소경재를 이용한 집성재 개발을 위한 응력파 연구(II) - Glulam 부재의 휨강도 특성 -)

  • Cha, Jae-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.7-14
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    • 1996
  • 두께가 20mm와 30mm이고 폭이 40mm와 60mm 인 길이 600mm의 낙엽송 제재목에 응력파 시험과 휨강도 시험을 실시하였다. 모든 시험편은 생재 상태로 구입 후 함수율 약 13%로 조습 처리하여 응력파 시험과 휨강도 시험을 시행하였다. 휨 영계수와 휨강도는 두께가 큰 것이 작게 나타났다. 최상의 상관관계는 휨 영계수와 양 표면에서 구한 값의 평균값을 사용한 응력파 속도 및 영계수 사이에 나타났다. 휨 영계수와 관계에서 응력파 영계수는 응역파 속도 보다 더 확연한 옹이의 영향을 보였다.

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Ignition properties in simulator of 120mm tank charges (120mm 전차탄용 모사 장치에서의 점화 특성)

  • 이정환;권순길;황준식;김동섭;김태인;김진호
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.43-46
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    • 2003
  • This study was conducted via diagnostics in a transparent 120mm tank gun chamber simulator. Pressure rises at the breech and forward ends of the simulator chamber were measured by using PCB pressure gages. This technique has been used to develope of various advanced HEAT and KE rounds of 120mm tank gun. In the studies, many ignition phenomena occurring during the early phase of the ballistic cycle was observed and analyzed. It can provide insights into the functioning of the igniter, flame spreading, and formation of pressure waves in the gun chamber.

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