• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제28권7호
• /
• pp.439-445
• /
• 2015

We established the emulsion method using membrane filter with precise control of LC droplet distribution in PDLC. PDLC cells with various LC droplet size distributions such as single droplet sizes of $1.0{\mu}m$, $1.9{\mu}m$ and $3.5{\mu}m$, the mixture of two different LC droplet sizes and the mixture of three different LC droplet sizes were fabricated and the electro-optical properties of the emulsion type PDLC cells with various droplet size distribution were investigated. In the appropriate droplet size range, the PDLCs with the single droplet sizes distributions have good electro optical properties than those with the mixture of three different LC droplet sizes. In addition, the PDLC cells with the mixture of two different LC droplet sizes have the better electro optical properties than those with single droplet sizes distribution. The PDLC cell with dual droplet size distribution of $1.0+1.9{\mu}m$ shown the best electro optical properties than the PDLC cells with other size distributions. This method enabled us to find the proper LC droplet size distribution for achieving both high transmittance and contrast ratio.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.507-515
• /
• 1994

국내의 석탄화력발전소에서 발생하는 석탄비회와 국내산 벤토나이트 중에서 시료를 선정하였으며 특성분석을 수행하였다. 석탄비회는 입도분포에 있어서 벤토나이트와 유사하였으나 미세구조는 매우 다르게 나타났다. 석탄비회의 가장 큰 특징은 물과 섞었을 때에 나타나는 높은 알칼리성이었다. 석탄비회와 벤토나이트를 섞었을 때 나타나는 Cs과 CO의 분배계수의 특성을 조사하기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 실험결과, 석탄비회의 경우, Co의 분배계수가 Cs보다 높게 나타났다. 여러종류의 실험을 통하여 벤토나이트와 석탄비회 혼합물의 Co와 Cs에 대한 분배 계수에 영향을 미치는 요인을 확인하였다. 또한, 벤토나이트와 석탄비회 혼합물의 Cs에 대한 분배계수와 벤토나이트와 모래 혼합물의 동일핵종에 대한 분배계수 비교를 통하여 벤토나이트와 석탄비회를 적절한 혼합비율로 섞는다면 석탄비회가 효과적인 첨가제로 유용함을 보였다.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.821-834
• /
• 2013

Law 등 (2004)은 군집분석에서 변수선택을 위해 정규분포기반 "두각 혼합모형(salient mixture model)"의 사용을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서는 이 모형의 적합 상의 문제점과 변수선택의 결함을 지적하고 그 대안을 제시한다. 모의자료와 실자료를 바탕으로 제안된 방법이 기존의 방법보다 유용함을 보였다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2013

In this paper, we propose a probabilistic framework for model-based clustering of direction of arrival (DOA) data to obtain stable sound source localization (SSL) estimates. Model-based clustering has been shown capable of handling highly overlapped and noisy datasets, such as those involved in DOA detection. Although the Gaussian mixture model is commonly used for model-based clustering, we propose use of the von Mises mixture model as more befitting circular DOA data than a Gaussian distribution. The EM framework for the von Mises mixture model in a unit hyper sphere is degenerated for the 2D case and used as such in the proposed method. We also use a histogram of the dataset to initialize the number of clusters and the initial values of parameters, thereby saving calculation time and improving the efficiency. Experiments using simulated and real-world datasets demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제18권8호
• /
• pp.1418-1427
• /
• 2004

Combined formulation developed for the fluid-particle mixture is introduced to simulate the biocube-fluid mixture flow, which is utilized for sewage disposal. Some tricky boundary conditions are introduced in order to simulate the effect of screen wall and air bubble, which is injected from the bottom of sewage reservoir. It has been shown that a circulated flow pattern, which was observed in experiment, is reproduced from the present numerical simulation. Furthermore, the effect of biocube density on the distribution pattern of biocube is also studied. It has been shown that a biocube whose density is slightly smaller than that of surrounding fluid or neutrally buoyant one are optimal for the uniform distribution of biocube.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2004

It is well known that the stratified charge combustion has many kind of advantages to combustion characteristics, such as higher thermal efficiency and less CO, NOx levels than conventional homogeneous mixture combustion. Although this combustion can be caused low fuel consumption, it is produced the high unburned hydrocarbon and soot levels because of different equivalence ratio in the combustion chamber. Moreover it has a lot of possibility of low output and misfire if the mixture gas would not be in existence around the spark plug. In this paper, fundamental studies for stratified combustion were carried out using a constant volume combustion chamber. The effect of locally mixture gas distribution according to control the direct injection and premixed injection in the chamber were examined experimentally. In addition, the effects of turbulence on stratified charge combustion process were observed by schlieren photography.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.835-843
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we investigate a Bayesian inference for software reliability models based on mean value functions which take the form of the mixture of beta distribution functions. The posterior simulation via the Markov chain Monte Carlo approach is used to produce estimates of posterior properties. Its applicability is illustrated with two real data sets. We compute the predictive distribution and the marginal likelihood of various models to compare the performance of them. The model comparison results show that the model based on the beta-mixture performs better than other models.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제5권6호
• /
• pp.183-191
• /
• 1997

For the improvement of ignitability we need ignition energy and its discharge characteristics which are suitable for a part distribution of the mixture density around the ignition spark plug and the flow characteristics of the mixture in the combustion. Especially, for the solving of the instability of initial ignition and lean ignitability limit in the case of lean-burn combustion, the more powerful ignition energy is required. The conclusions from the observation can be summarized as follows: 1) The ignitability limit for HIS expands wider and the combustion is more stable than for CDI. 2) The combustion duration and ignition timing depend upon the distribution of local mixture density in the vicinity of ignition spark plug.

• 응용통계연구
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.759-770
• /
• 2009

본 논문은 신호와 잡음이 혼합된 관측치로부터 신호 관측치를 분류하는 문제를 다룬다. 잡음은 가우시안 분포를 따르고 신호는 감마 분포를 따른다고 가정할 때 관측치의 분포는 가우시안과 감마의 혼합 분포를 따르게 된다. EM 알고리즘을 통해 혼합 모델의 모수를 추정하고 신호 및 잡음을 분류하는 것을 다중 가설 검정으로 간주하여 베이즈 오류를 바탕으로 분류를 위한 경계치를 설정한다. 제안하는 방법을 분광 데이터에 근거하여 철강 제품에서 개재물 유무를 검출하는 문제에 적용하였고 별도의 시뮬레이션 데이터를 통해 성능의 우수성을 보였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 1990년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.154-157
• /
• 1990

This paper describes a new method of calculating expected energy generation and loss of load probability (L.O.L.P) for electric power system operation and expansion planning. The method represents an equivalent load duration curve (E.L.D.C) as a mixture of cumulants approximation (M.O.C.A), which is the general case of mixture of normals approximation (M.O.N.A). By regarding a load distribution as many normal distributions-rather than one normal distribution-and representing each of them in terms of Gram-Charller expansion, we could improve the accuracy of results. We developed an algorithm which automatically determines the number of distribution and demarcation points. In modelling of a supply system, we made subsets of generators according to the number of generator outage: since the calculation of each subset's moment needs to be processed rapidly, we futher developed specific recursive formulae. The method is applied to the test systems and the results are compared with those of cumulant, M.O.N.A and Booth-Baleriaux method. It is verified that the M.O.C.A method is faster and more accurate than any other methods.