• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.17 no.8 s.111
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• pp.719-724
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• 2006

In this paper, we designed the double conversion down mixer by using Half-LO frequency in 2.3 GHz band. The IF frequency is obtained by supplying two LO frequencies to HEMT in both gate type and resistive type. The proposed mixer uses Half-LO frequency the same way as conventional sub-harmonic mixers. However the proposed one uses fundamental component of Half-LO frequency in first stage instead of using second harmonic components of Half-LO frequency, and the IF frequency is obtained by resistive type mixer in second stage, thereby the proposed mixer can improve linearity in comparison with conventional active mixer. We can verify that the proposed mixer has an conversion loss of 5dBm and IIP3 of 16.25dBm by using 10 dBm Power.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.6
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• pp.90-98
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• 1996

We have evaluated the theoretical conversion loss and noise temperature of mixer using the quantum mixer theory and the method to determine the embedding impedance of waveguide-type mixer mount. At fixed backshort position of the mixer, the calculated SSB mixer conversion loss and mixer noise temperature are 5 dB and 10K within frequency range form 85 GHz to 115 GHz, respectively. The SIS mixer has been developed by using through on the calculated rsutls to observe cosmic radio waves. SIS junction of mixer is Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb and it consists of four series array. Area of each of junction is about 2.5${\mu}m^{2}$. The average receiver noise temperature of manufactured receiver with this mixer is about 30 K(DSB). The receiver noise temperature is much lower than that of receiver with a mixer using mechanical tuning backshort.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

In this paper, a sub-harmonic dual-gate FET mixer is suggested to improve the isolation characteristic between LO and RF ports of an unbalanced mixer. The mixer was designed by using single-gate FET cascode structure and driven by the second harmonic component of LO signal. A dual-gate FET mixer has good isolation characteristic since RF and LO signals are injected into gatel and gate2, respectively. In addition, the isolation characteristic of a sub-harmonic mixer is better than that of a fundamental mixer due to the large frequency separation between the LO and RF frequencies. As RF power was -30 ㏈m and LO power was 0 ㏈m, the designed mixer yielded the -47.17 ㏈m LO-to-RF leakage power level, 10 ㏈ conversion gain, -2.5 ㏈m OIP3, -12.5 ㏈m IIP3 and -1 ㏈m 1 ㏈ gain compression point. Since the LO-to-RF leakage power level of the designed mixer is as good as that of a double-balanced mixer, the sub-harmonic dual-gate FET mixer can be utilized instead.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.970-974
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• 2007

A mixer is a key component in the wireless communication systems. In this paper, we design a mixer which is used in a frequency modulated continuous wave(FMCW) radar system. The frequency sweep range of the radar is from 10 GHz to 11 GHz. The transmitted and received signals of the FMCW radar are applied to LO and RF ports of the mixer, respectively, but the frequency difference between the two signals, which is called "a beat frequency" is under a few KHz and depending on the distance to target. Thus the isolation between the LO and RF ports is very important factor to design this mixer. In this paper we propose a single balanced resistive mixer using GaAs MESFET for this application. We first design a single-ended type resistive mixer using a simulation tool, then design a balanced type to increase the LO-to-RF isolation of the mixer. We fabricated the mixer on the substrate of dielectric constant 10 and thickness 0.635 mm. The measured results show that the isolation and conversion loss of the mixer over the frequency band is 20dB and 10.5dB, respectively. The LO input power for operating the proposed mixer is +3dBm, which is lower than a general conventional mixer's LO power. The 1 dB compression point is 6dBm.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

In this paper, a third-order harmonic mixer is designed using frequency multiplier theory for the Ka-band. The gate bias voltage is selected by frequency multiplier theory to maximize the third-order harmonic element ofthe fundamental LO frequency in the proposed mixer. The designed mixer has a gate mixer structure composed of a gate terminal input for the fundamental local signal ($f_{LO}$), RF signal (${RF}$) and a drain terminal output for the harmonic frequency ($3f_{LO}-f_{RF}$) respectively. The Ka-band harmonic mixer is designed and fabricated using a commercial GaAs MESFET device with a plastic package. The proposed mixer will provide a solution for the problems found in the high cost, complex circuitry in a conventional Ka-band mixer. The 33.5 GHz harmonic mixer has a -10 dB conversion gain by pumping 11.5 GHz LO with a +5 dBm level.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 2009

A micro-mixer with a quasi-active rotor was fabricated, and mixing characteristics were evaluated. The proposed micro-mixer combines an active type micro-mixer with a passive type micro-mixer. The micro-rotor, which is a moving part of an active type micro-mixer, is added in a micro-chamber of a passive type vortex micro-mixer. The rotor rotated by inflows tangent to a chamber, causing strong perturbations. The micro-mixers were fabricated using photosensitive glass. Mixing efficiency of the micro-mixers was measured using an image analysis method. Mixing efficiency and characteristics of the micro-rotor mixer were compared with the vortex micro-mixer without a rotor. Mixing efficiency was reduced as Reynolds number increased at a low Reynolds number due to decrease of residence time. Mixing efficiency at higher Reynolds number, on the other hand, was improved even though residence time decreased since the contact surface between fluids increased by twisted flow. The perturbation induced by rotating rotor at greater than Re 200 improved the efficiency of the rotor mixer.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.63-68
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• 2016

Audio mixer is an electronic device which performs a mixing of multiple audio signals. Digital mixer having various functions and scalability is spreaded thanks to advanced DSP and IT technology. However, digital mixer is more vulnerable to stability comparing to conventional analog mixer in the digital error or software error sense because its control is executed by SW. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a multi-channel digital analog hybrid mixer scheme, digital mixer error detection mechanism and malfunctioning switching technique. Also we develop the audio mixer having digital-analog hybrid structure. By simulation, we can sense the error of digital mixer except power loss in a 120ms, change into analog mixer mode automatically and provide continuous broadcasting function without mixer function loss.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.316-321
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• 2010

This paper presents a novel fourth harmonic mixer with new structure. The traditional 3-ports fourth harmonic mixer and the novel fourth harmonic mixer are designed by ADS, HFSS and CST simulator. The mixers have been fabricated and tested. The size of the traditional 3-ports fourth harmonic mixer is $12{\times}15$ mm, and the best conversion loss is 18.7 dB according to the measurement. Since the traditional 3-port mixer size is too large to be ranked, we design a novel fourth harmonic mixer for imaging system. The width of the mixing module in the novel fourth harmonic mixer is only 3.65 mm, and this size is fully capable to meet the mixer unit space which is not greater than 5 mm. The simulation result shows that the mixer has good performance, and the experiment result shows that the best conversion loss of the novel fourth harmonic mixer is 16.3 dB at RF signal of 91.3 GHz.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.56-58
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• 2002

In this paper, the double conversion gate mixer using a half-LO frequency is described at 25 GHz band. The proposed mixer uses two HEMTs excited by a single LO signal of half-LO frequency in order to generate the second IF signal. That is, the LO signal having the half-LO frequency is only fed into the gate of the first HEMT mixer as a normal gate mixer. The LO signal through the first mixer is find into the second mixer The proposed miler requires not only half of the normal LO frequency, but also lower LO power than the conventional subharmonically pumped milers. Over the bandwidth of 500 MHz at 24.5 GHz, the conversion gain is 2.5 dB, the noise figure is 9 dB, and the isolation between RF and LO port is 32 dB when the LO poller is 0 dBm at 12.65 GHz.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 2014

Flow mixing and pressure drop characteristics for marine selective catalytic reduction applications were investigated numerically to develop an efficient static mixer. Two different mixers, line- and swirl-type, were considered. The effect of vane angles on the relative intensity, uniformity index, and pressure drop was investigated in a swirl-type mixer; these parameters are dramatically affected by the mixer geometry. The presence of a mixer, regardless of the mixer type, led to an improvement of approximately 20% in the mixing performance behind the mixer in comparison to not having a mixer. In particular, there was a tradeoff relationship between the uniformity and the pressure drop. Considering the mixing performance and the pressure drop, the swirl-type mixer was more suitable than the line-type mixer in this study.