• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.207-211
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• 2009

In this study, we attempted to develop a convenient aluminizing process, using Al-Ti mixed slurry as an aluminum source, to control the Al content of the aluminized layer as a result of a one-step process and can be widely adopted for coating complex-shaped components. The aluminizing process was carried out by the heat treatment on disc and rod shaped S45C steel substrates with Al-Ti mixed slurries that were composed of various mixed ratios (wt%) of Al and Ti powders. The surface of the resultant aluminized layer was relatively smooth with no obvious cracks. The aluminized layers mainly contain an Fe-Al compound as the bulk phase. However, the Al concentration and the thickness of the aluminized layer gradually decrease as the Ti proportion among Al-Ti mixed slurries increases. It has also been shown that the Al-Ti compound layer, which formed on the substrate during heat treatment, easily separates from the substrate. In addition, the incorporation of Ti into the substrate surface during heat treatment was not observed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.175-177
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• 2010

Mixed infections of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax is high (~ 30%) in some malaria hypoendemic areas where the patients present with P. falciparum malaria diagnosed by microscopy. Conventional treatment of P. falciparum with concurrent chloroquine and 14 days of primaquine for all falciparum malaria patients may be useful in areas where mixed falciparum and vivax infections are high and common and also with mild or moderate G6PD deficiency in the population even with or without subpatent vivax mixed infection. It will be possibly cost-effective to reduce subsequent vivax illness if the patients have mixed vivax infection. Further study to prove this hypothesis may be warranted.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.59-69
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• 2000

Sludge is generated in the process of water and wastewater treatment, and it has been causing various environmental problems. From this point of view, recycling of sludge appears to be the best way. The firing technology in pottery industry is applied to the sludge treatment , and the final product is called artificial soil. The effect of mixed artificial soil with upland soil was investigated through the crop growth experiment and the physical & chemical characteristics of the mixed soils were analyses. After the growth experiment , mixed soil plots contained more CEC, OM, TN, TP than upland soil plots. This result shows that the artificial soil produced form sludge can be mixed with upland soil, and crop can be increased. From the growth analysis, growth of soybean and corn in the mixed soil plots was better than that in the original upland soil plots. Heavy metals contents in the mixed soil plots were within the quality standard. This is a promising result since in most cases heavy metals are the most concern in the application of sludge product to farmland.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 2014

This study manufactured a CIG-based composite coating layer utilizing a new warm spray process, and a mixed powder of Cu-20at.%Ga and Cu-20at.%In. In order to obtain the mixed powder with desired composition, the Cu-20at.%Ga and Cu-20at.%In powders were mixed with a 7:1 ratio. The mixed powder had an average particle size of $35.4{\mu}m$. Through the utilization of a warm spray process, a CIG-based composite coating layer of $180{\mu}m$ thickness could be manufactured on a pure Al matrix. To analyze the microstructure and phase, the warm sprayed coating layer underwent XRD, SEM/EDS and EMPA analyses. In addition, to improve the physical properties of the coating layer, an annealing heat treatment was conducted at temperatures of $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour each. The microstructure analysis identified ${\alpha}$-Cu, $Cu_4In$ and $Cu_3Ga$ phases in the early mixed powder, while $Cu_4In$ disappeared, and additional $Cu_9In_4$ and $Cu_9Ga_4$ phases were identified in the warm sprayed coating layer. Porosity after annealing heat treatment reduced from 0.75% (warm sprayed coating layer) to 0.6% (after $600^{\circ}C/1hr$. heat treatment), and hardness reduced from 288 Hv to 190 Hv. No significant phase changes were found after annealing heat treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2000

To extract insoluble proteins from abolished soybean meal, the meal was treatesd with phytase and protease produced by Aspergillus sp. SM-15 and Aspergillus sp. MS-18. The extraction of insoluble soybean protein was increased at alkaline range more than pH 5 in case of phytase, pH 7 to 11 in case of protease and pH 5 to 12 in case of the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease. The optimum extraction temperature of insoluble protein was 5$0^{\circ}C$ for phytase and the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease, and 6$0^{\circ}C$ for protease. The optimum treatment time for extraction of protein was 9 hrs for phytase, 11 hrs for protease and the mixed enzyme of phytase and protease and optimum unit of enzyme for extraction of protein was 600 unit, 40 unit and 900 unit＋60 unit in case of phytase, protease, phytase and protease, respectively. The treatment of mixed enzyme showed higher extracton rate of protein than single enzyme treatment. The foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsion capacity, and emulsion stability of soybean meal protein by the treatment of the enzymes increased at all pH range. Further more oil absorption as well as water absorption capacities by the treatment of the enzymes were also increased. The functional properteis of the soybean meal protein treated by the mixed enzyme were higher than those of soybean meal protein treated by the single enzyme.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.318-318
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• 2017

This study was conducted to find optimum mixed sowing ratio of green manure crops to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer as well as to increase the crop yield potential which will foster the utilization of green manure crops in the upland field in view of environment friendly agriculture. According to the study, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley showed highest nitrogen production yield in the soil due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the 50:50 mixed ratio of hairy vetch and green barely total nitrogen amount in the soil showed 17.2kg per 10a, but in the other treatment ratio such as 75:25, 25:75. total nitrogen fixation amount were 16.7, 16.9 respectively. We also conducted the experiment to compare the effect of the mixed sowing treatment of green manure crops on the production of corn cultivated as a succeeding plant of hairy vetch. According to the result, the mixed ratio, 50:50, of hairy vetch and green barley treatment showed highest yield potential of corn as 153kg per 10a in seed weight which is due to the relatively higher organic nitrogen supply from the hairy vetch plant as well as nitrogen fixation from the air rather than other mixed ratio. In the mixed sowing treatment of hairy vetch 100 and barley 0 ratio, the corn production showed 148kg per 10a which is 5kg lower than that of hairy vetch 50 and barley 50 ratio, but showed statistically no difference between those two treatment. Otherwise, different treatments, such as hairy vetch 75 and barley 25, 25 and 75, 0 and 100 showed statistically different each other. Therefore, it was concluded that green manure crops, such as hairy vetch, green barley and rye were very effective crops to increase the soil fertility and gave the positive effect to the crops to give vegetative and propagative growth condition and, in turn, increased the yield potential. We have to make policy to enhance the utility of green manure crops in the upland crops as well as faddy field for the soil fertility and crop yield production which will guarantee prominent quality of environment friendly agriculture products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.67-68
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• 2008

A simple bi-layer structure of organic light emitting diode (OLED) was used to study the characteristics of anode preparation. Indium tin oxide (ITO) anode surface treatment of OLEDs was performed to get the optimum condition for the ITO anode. The ITO surface was treated by $O_2$ or $O_2$ / Ar mixed gas plasma with different processing time. The electrical characteristics of OLED were improved by plasma treatment. The operating voltage of OLED with $O_2$ or $O_2$/Ar mixed gas plasma treated anodes decreases from 8.2 to 3.4 V and 3.2V, respectively. The $O_2$ /Ar mixed gas plasma treatment results in better electrical property.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.109-109
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• 2022

The global population is increasing every year, and the amount of food waste is also increasing. Direct landfilling of food waste has been prohibited since 2005, and in accordance with the London Convention in 2013, the discharge of livestock manure, sewage sludge, and food waste into the sea is prohibited. In the case of incineration to treat the discharged food waste, the heat point is lowered due to the moisture in the food waste itself, so fuel must be added. Therefore, this study was conducted to get basic data for setting the limit of application by investigating the growth and yield of crops after treating food waste dry powder mixed fertilizer (MF) on red pepper. In the experiment, continuous cultivation was carried out for two years in 2021 (1st year) and 2022 (2nd year). The treatment groups were set as Not Treatment (NT), Chemical Fertilizer (CF), Mixed Fertilizer (MF), Mixed Fertilizer×2 (MF×2). After harvest, crop growth and yield were investigated. As a result of the 1st years of growth survey, CF, MF, MF×2 show significant difference in shoot length compared to NT. About fresh weight and dry weight, CF show significant difference compared to NT. The 2nd years of growth survey, the shoot and root length, fresh weight did not show significant difference with NT. In case of dry weight, MF is significant increased compared to NT. As a result of the yield survey of the 1st year, all treatment groups did not show a significance in yield compared to the NT. In case of 2nd year, all treatment groups show significantly increased value compared to NT. The yield of MF was highest among the treatment groups. In the future, it is thought that it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the effect of food waste dry powder mixed fertilizer through additional experiments and continuous cultivation, and to establish an appropriate amount of use and establishment of a manual based on this.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.70-76
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• 1998

Activation bacteria, identified from commercial microbial products, were applied to leachate treatment. Total seven strains of bacteria Enterobacteriaceae spp. (5), Bacillus sp. (1), Aeromonas sp. (1) were seeded in the leachate and cultured in the shaking incubator at 25$^{\circ}$C and 250 rpm. While cultured, they were sampled in given time intervals and the removal rates of SS, COD, BOD, T-N.and T-P were measured an indicators of leachate treatment. Through the screening test, four of 7 strains of bacteria were considered to be effective and they were named as "effective group". The capability of leachate treatment was observed on three different groups of bacteria single, effctive, and total mixed. The result showed that the removal rates of COD and SS for the total mixed group were 64 and 71% respectively. BOD removal rate was reached nearly 99% by seeding of effective griup and removal rates of T-P and T-N were 83 and 82% respectively. However seeding of single strain was less effective than that of any mixed group in leachate treatment.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.637-649
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• 1997

Early orthodontic treatment in growing children requires the removable orthodontic appliances. The removable orthodontic appliance can be used in the primary dentition and mixed dentition. The purposes of use of removable orthodontic appliance in prmary dentition or mixed dentition are the interception of skeletal or dental malocclusion, guiding the normal dentition, and retention after comprehensive orthodontic treatment. Therefore, it is needed to use the removable orthodontic appliance in children with malocclusion. This report presents cases of growing children with skeletal class II and III malocclusion treated with removable orthodontic appliance during mixed dentition and Multiloop Edgewise Arch Wire(MEAW) during permanent dentition. The results obtained through these cases were summarized as follows : 1. Removable orthodontic appliances guide normal dentition and skeletal growth in growing children. 2. Removable orthodontic appliances play an important role in intercepting malocclusion in mixed dentition before use of fixed orthodontic appliance. 3. MEAW can be applied to finishing stage of all cases and is effective in correction of occlusal plane, achievement of interdigitation, and control of dental inclination. 4. It is needed that removable appliances are used during mixed dentition through correct diagnosis and fixed appliance are used in permanent dentition.