• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.233-235
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• 2020

Since its early stages, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed immense challenges in meeting the public health and healthcare and social care needs of migrants. In line with other reports from United Kingdom and United States, data from Sweden's health authority show that migrants have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Following the World Health Organization's statements, as well as the European Public Health Association's call for action, several centres in Sweden's most populated areas have activated tools to implement national plans for community outreach through initiatives targeting migrants and ethnic minority groups. Unconventional means should be promoted to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on migrants and the health of the public at large.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.254-261
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• 2020

Welding is the most convenient method for fabricating steel materials to build ships and of shore structures. However, welding using high heat processes inevitably produces welding displacements on welded structures. To mitigate these, heavy industries introduce various welding techniques such as back-step welding and skip-step welding. These techniques effect on the change of the distribution of high heat on welded structures, leading to a reduction of welding displacements. In the present study, various cases using different and newly introduced welding techniques are numerically simulated to ascertain the most efficient technique to minimize welding displacements. A numerical simulation using a finite element method based on the inherent strain, interface element and multi-point constraint function is introduced herein. Based on several simulation results, the optimal welding technique for minimizing welding displacements to build a general ship grillage structure is finally proposed.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

The anchoring effect can be found when a decision shows cognitive prejudice towards the initial information given. Several studies have argued that such an effect is present even for judges in the courtroom. This paper seeks to find a relationship between judges' decisions on penalty sentences and the sentences recommended by prosecutors. In this study, 2,773 actual court cases are considered in the analysis, and quantile regression is used to show that the sentencing decisions judges make are anchored by the recommendations of prosecutors. However, this reliance on recommendations differs according to the seriousness of the crime committed. Specifically, at the lowest penalty levels, a one-month increase in the prosecutors' sentencing recommendation results in a 0.25-month increase in the judges' sentence, while at the highest sentence level, the judges' sentences increase by 0.78 months under an identical condition. The results of this research indicate the need to create more objective and clear sentencing guidelines in the future in an effort to mitigate the psychological pressure experienced by judges with regard to serious offences or heinous crimes.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.239-248
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• 2018

This study developed and investigated a precast slab track system partially reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars in the transverse direction, which mitigated the loss of track circuit current by reducing magnetic coupling between the rails and steel reinforcements. An electric analysis was conducted and the results of the analysis verified that the GFRP rebars mitigate the reduced current strength produced by electro-magnetic induction. In the study, a three-dimensional finite element method and flexural experiments were used to study the mechanical behavior of the proposed slab track.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.985-995
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• 2015

Add-on selling can provide new chances to increase sellers' profits and meet customers' needs. Although prior studies have advocated add-on selling for its business value, there is an argument that add-on selling can cause customer repulsion. Therefore, we need to understand customer purchasing pattern related to add-on selling in order to promote it and to mitigate the customer repulsion. To that end, we applied data mining techniques to the 24,925 transactions of data from an online open market in Korea. We then conducted feature selection to investigate the most influential factors that can explain the characteristics of add-on selling transactions using a classification model. We also identified association rules among add-on selling and promotions. Finally, based on the findings in our experiments, we proposed add-on selling strategies for the target online market.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.264-277
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• 2015

This article investigates various transcription techniques for the Legendre pseudospectral (PS) method to compare the pros and cons of each approach. Eight combinations from four different types of collocation points and two discretization methods for dynamic constraints, which differentiate Legendre PS transcription techniques, are implemented to solve a carefully selected test set of nonlinear optimal control problems (NOCPs). The convergence property and prediction accuracy are compared to provide a useful guideline for selecting the best combination. The tested NOCPs consist of the minimum time, minimum energy, and problems with state and control constraints. Therefore, the results drawn from this comparative study apply to the solution of similar types of NOCPs and can mitigate much debate about the best combinations. Additionally, important findings from this study can be used to improve the numerical efficiency of the Legendre PS methods. Three PS applications to the aerospace engineering problems are demonstrated to prove this point.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.100-109
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• 2017

This paper proposes performance improvement schemes for sensorless PMSM control drive using a four-switch three-phase inverter (so-called B4 inverter). In the proposed scheme, the back-EMF estimation-based sensorless control algorithm is used to control the brushless PMSM without position sensors. In order to have stable operation, this paper presents a gain adjustment scheme that compensates the reduction of stable sensorless operation range as long as the rotor speed increases. In B4 topology, the center point of dc-link capacitors is connected to 3-phase load, and it is prone to have the load current distortion. Hence, to mitigate this problem, a distortion compensation scheme by modifying voltage commands using measured dc-link potentials is proposed in this paper. The validity of the proposed method is evaluated by simulations and experiments.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.25-51
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• 2017

This paper employs an Overlapping Generations Model to quantify the impacts of Korea's demographic transition toward an older population on the total output growth rate. The model incorporates the projected population through 2060 according by Statistics Korea. The effects of the low fertility and increased life expectancy rates are studied. The model is considered suitable for analyzing the effects of demographic changes on the Korean economy. Under the assumption that the TFP growth rate will not slow considerably in the future, remaining at 1.3% per annum, the gross output growth rate of the Korean economy is projected to slow to 1.1% per annum in the 2050s, from 4.0% in the 2000s. The shrinking workforce due to the decline in fertility plays a significant role in the deceleration of the Korean economy. The increased life expectancy rate is expected to mitigate the negative effect, but the magnitude of its effect is found to be limited.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.287-299
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of damped cable systems (DCS) to mitigate the earthquake-induced responses of a building frame structure. The seismic performance of the DCS is investigated using the fragility analysis and life cycle cost evaluation of an existing building retrofitted with the DCS, and the results are compared with the structure retrofitted with conventional fluid viscous dampers. The comparison of the analysis results reveals that, due to the self-centering capability of the DCS, residual displacement approximately reaches to zero for the structure retrofitted with the DCS. The fragility analysis shows that the structure retrofitted with the DCS has the least probability of reaching the specific limit states compared to the bare structure and the structure with the conventional fluid viscous damper (VD), especially under the severe ground motions. It is also observed that both the initial and the life cycle costs of the DCS seismic retrofitting technique is lesser compare to the structure retrofitted with the VD.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2016.07a
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• pp.491-492
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• 2016

This paper presents a robust feedback control design to mitigate the effect of grid voltage disturbances for three-phase grid-connected inverters in distributed generation systems. The proposed strategy consists of two major design steps. First, the controller is synthesized using the internal model principle to achieve a good reference tracking and disturbance rejection performance. Then, the feedback gain is systematically obtained by solving the linear matrix inequality conditions which are directly derived from the stability criteria. The main contribution of this paper is that the complexity of control structure can be substantially reduced and transient response is improved as compared with the existing robust control design methods. The simulation results are given to prove the validity of the proposed control scheme.