• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.152-154
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• 2002

The methanol extract of Viscum album var. coloratum, Korean mistletoe, showed potent prolongation effects on the bleeding time in rats in vivo, and whole blood clotting time and plasma recalcification time in rats ex vivo. The prolongation effect on the bleeding time of Korean mistletoe is comparable to that of Viscum album L., European mistletoe, 185.6% and 176.5%, respectively. However, the water extracts of the both plants did not show any prolongation effects. Platelet activating factor (PAF) receptor binding assay was carried out to elucidate the action mechanisms of the extracts, and both of the methanol extracts did not show any inhibitory activity. The $LD_{50}$ of the methanol extracts of both mistletoes are more than 2 g/kg. These results suggest that the mehtanol extract of Korean mistletoe might be a potential candidate to develop new drug to improve microcirculation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

Muscle atrophy is characterized by a decrease in the mass of the muscle. With an increase in life expectancy and chronic illnesses, the incidence of muscle atrophy is increasing and the quality of life of patients is decreasing. Thus, reducing muscle atrophy is of high clinical and socio-economic importance. Mistletoe is a semi-parasitic plant that has been used as a traditional medicine in many countries to treat various human illnesses. It has been reported that Korean mistletoe extract (KME) has diverse biological functions including anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity properties, and extension of lifespan. Especially, we have recently reported that KME improves exercise endurance in mice, indicating its beneficial roles in enhancing the capacity of skeletal muscle. In this study, we investigated whether KME could activate the signaling pathway related to protein synthesis in a mouse model of muscle atrophy. Interestingly, KME efficiently activated the Akt/mTOR pathway, and Akt and mTOR are important signaling hub molecules for the acceleration of protein synthesis in muscle cells. In addition, KME also increased the activity of S6 kinase which is involved in the regulation of muscle cell size. Moreover, the ERK activity, required for transcription of ribosomal RNA for protein synthesis, was also enhanced in KME-treated mouse muscle. These data support the idea that KME increases muscle mass via increased protein synthesis. Our findings also suggest that Korean mistletoe might be a promising candidate for the development of functional foods that are beneficial for preventing muscle atrophy.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.919-924
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• 2012

국내산 겨우살이를 천연소재 및 천연 보존료로서 활용가능성을 탐색하기 위하여 겨우살이의 methanol 조추출물과 n-hexane, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, butanol 분획물의 식중독 세균 억제 활성과 항산화활성을 조사하였다. Ethyl ether와 ethyl acetate 분획물은 공시균주에 대하여 0.9~1.8 mm의 inhibition zone을 나타내었으며 특히 ethyl ether는 B. cereus에 대하여 가장 강한 항균효과를 보였다. 또한 겨우살이의 ethyl ether 분획물은 S. aureus에 대하여 가장 낮은 6.25 mg/mL의 MIC를 나타내었다. 겨우살이 추출물 및 용매분획물의 항산화 활성은 ethyl ether 분획물에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 겨우살이의 총 페놀함량은 ethyl ether 획분에서 가장 높았으며 ethyl acetate, n-hexane, butanol 및 methanol 조추출물과 water 획분의 순으로 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 ethyl ether 획분의 강한 항균활성과 항산화 활성은 획분중에 풍부한 총페놀화합물과 상관이 있으므로 향후 이 획분중의 활성물질의 분리 연구가 한국산 겨우살이의 기능성 소재화에 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.592-598
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• 2000

A lectin (agglutinin, VCA) from Korean mistletoe (Viscum album L. coloratum) was isolated by affinity chromatograpy on a asialofetuin-Sepharose 4B. The molecular weights of A- and B-chains of VCA were different from those of VAAS. The VCA recognized the antibody of VAAs in the Western blot analysis and ELLA system. We also investigated the synergistic effects of the components in mistletoe by dividing the extract into different molecular weight fractions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2016

The antioxidant potential of mistletoe (Viscum album L. var. coloratum Ohwi; VAL) extract in uncooked pork patties was evaluated. Three concentrations of VAL extract (0.1 [T1], 0.5% [T2] and 1.0% [T3]) along with 0.02% ascorbic acid as a positive control (V) were added to ground pork and pork patties were prepared. Incorporation of VAL extract decreased (p<0.05) the pH of the pork patties throughout the storage time and reduced (p<0.01) the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values after day 14 of storage. Total plate counts of the VAL extract-treated samples and V-treated samples were also significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of the control (C) throughout the storage period. In addition, odor scores of the VAL extract-treated patties were lower than those of the C- or V-treated samples on 3rd day of the storage period. These results demonstrated that the VAL extract acts as a natural antioxidant in uncooked pork products.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2001

The study was carried out to evaluate the preliminary toxicity and general pharmacology of KML-IIU, a purified pectin from Korean Mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum). KML-IIU was administered intravenously to ICR mice and Spargue-Dawley rats to investigate the acute toxicity. LD50 values in mice and rats were above 30 $\mu$g/kg. KML-IIU had no effects on the general behaviors, acetic acid induced writhing syndrome, pentobarbial induced sleeping time, pentylenetetrazole induced convulsion and the change of body temperature. In addition, KML-IIU did not show any effects on digestive system and blood coagulation system.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

일반적으로 겨우살이라고 하는 공중기생식물들에 대한 연구는 주로 생태학적 측면과 농업적 측면에서 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 최근 약용자원 측면에서 관심이 높아져 우리나라에 분포하고 있는 겨우살이에 관한 연구도 활발해지고 있다. 본 연구는 앞으로 겨우살이를 산업적으로 이용하기 위한 연구가 진행될 것에 대비하여 한국에 분포하는 겨우살이를 중심으로 지금까지의 분류학 및 생태학 분야의 연구내용을 고찰하고자 수행했다. 겨우살이는 교목이나 관목의 가지에 기생하는 단향목에 속하는 현화식물로서 우리나라에는 단향과의 겨우살이 [Viscum coloratum (Komarov) Nakai f. coloratum], 붉은겨우살이[Viscum coloratum (Komarov) Nakai f. rubroaurantiacum (Makino) Kitagawa], 동백나무겨우살이[Korthalsella japonica (Thunb.) Engl.] 등 3분류군과 꼬리겨우살이과의 꼬리겨우살이(Loranthus tanakae Franch. et Sav.)와 참나무겨우살이[Taxillus yadoriki (Sieb. ex Maxim.) Danser] 등 2분류군을 합하여 2과 4속 5분류군이 분포하고 있다. 그런데 이 종들에 대한 분류학적 연구가 아직까지는 미진하였으며, 분포범위 또한 광범위하기 때문에 종 내의 형태변이에 대한 관찰도 추가적으로 이루어져야할 것이다. 겨우살이의 분포는 숙주 특이성과 숙주간의 거리, 환경조건, 그리고 숙주식물의 형태, 전파 매개자 섭식특성과 서식지 선택 특성에 따라 결정되었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.630-637
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• 2016

The chemical components and biological activity of Camellia mistletoe, Korthalsella japonica (Loranthaceae) are relatively unknown compared to other mistletoe species. Therefore, we investigated the phytochemical properties and biological activity of this parasitic plant to provide essential preliminary scientific evidence to support and encourage its further pharmaceutical research and development. The major plant components were chromatographically isolated using high-performance liquid chromatography and their structures were elucidated using tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance anlysis. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of the 70% ethanol extract of K. japonica (KJ) and its isolated components was evaluated using a nitric oxide (NO) assay and western blot analysis for inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Three flavone di-C-glycosides, lucenin-2, vicenin-2, and stellarin-2 were identified as major components of KJ, for the first time. KJ significantly inhibited NO production and reduced iNOS and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells at $100{\mu}g/mL$ while similar activity were observed with isolated flavone C-glycosides. In conclusion, KJ has a simple secondary metabolite profiles including flavone di-C-glycosides as major components and has a strong potential for further research and development as a source of therapeutic anti-inflammatory agents.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.28-36
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to elucidate the sugar composition of polysaccharides and the structural features of water-soluble polysaccharides(WSP) isolated from Korean oak mistletoe, Loranthus yadoriki Sieb. The 48-hours ball-milled meals of extractive-free dried mistletoe sawdusts were extracted with distilled water for $24hrs{\times}2$ at room temperature. The extracts poured into 95% ethyl alcohol to precipitate. The separated precipitate of WSP, in form of yellowish white powder by lyophilization, was fractionated into four subfractions of WSP-1, WSP-2, WSP-3 and WSP-4 by anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose column. The sugar composition of WSPs was analyzed by GLC in form of their glycitol acetates, and the structure of polysaccharides in Fractions WSP-1 and WSP-2 was determined by FT-IR and GC-MS after methylation through and acetylation. The sugars of WSPs from Korean oak mistletoe, Loranthus yadoriki, are majorly arabinose and galactose in stem, galactose in leaves very high in content and showed difference in composition and monomeric units between stems and leaves. D-galactose, D-glucose and L-arabinose are the simple sugars consisting of polysaccharides in WSP-1. ($1{\rightarrow}3$)-Linked galactan is the bakcbone with side chain of ($1{\rightarrow}5$)- -L-arabinofuranosyl residues and ($1{\rightarrow}6$)- -D-galactopyranosyl residues, and ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-linked glucan also presents. ($1{\rightarrow}4$)-Linked rhamnogalacturonan and ($1{\rightarrow}4$)- and ($1{\rightarrow}3$)-linked galactan present in WSP-2.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2014

Loranthus tanakae (Franch. & Sav.) is an endangered species of mistletoe, distributed in Korean peninsula. The objective of our research is to determine the effect of storage duration and conditions [air flow (AF) and air tight (AT)] at different temperatures for survivability and germination of mistletoe seeds, and also to monitor the effect of seed scarification on germination in vitro. The result revealed that the seeds stored in natural conditions (no stratification) showed highest survival rate of 100% and retained up to 93.3% even after two months of storage in natural conditions and showed higher germination percentage (90%) compare to after ripened seeds. However, the seed stored at $0^{\circ}C$ decreased the germination percentage (ranged from 63 to 73%). Therefore, it can be confirmed that mistletoe does not need after ripened treatment to promote germination. Our research also showed that the storage of L. tanaka seeds in freezing temperatures of $-20^{\circ}C$ and in room temperature for long time either in AT or AF conditions caused the loss of survival and germination rate. On the other hand, the chemical scarification (0.01N HCl incubation for 12 hrs. at $38^{\circ}C$) method was proven more effective to enhance germination percentage of L. tanakae. Regarding the temperature regime, $22^{\circ}C$ showed early germination of mistletoe seeds in vitro.