• Mycobiology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2003

Solanaceous crops grown in greenhouses and fields in Korea were surveyed from 1994 to 2000. Sclerotinia rot most severely occurred up to 60% in potato. Incidence of the disease was as high as 20% at its maximum in tomato and 5% in eggplant, but as low as less than 1% in red pepper. Symptoms of Sclerotinia rot commonly developed on stems of the solanaceous crops but rarely on fruits of eggplant and tomato. A total of 169 isolates of Sclerotinia species was obtained from the diseased solanaceous crops. Out of the isolates, 165 isolates were identified as S. sclerotiorum, and the others as S. minor based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. S. sclerotiorum was isolated from all the solanaceous crops, while S. minor was only isolated from tomato. Eight isolates of S. sclerotiorum and two isolates of S. minor were tested for their pathogenicity to the solanaceous crops by artificial inoculation. All the isolates of the two Sclerotinia spp. induced rot symptoms on stems of the solanaceous crops tested, which were similar to those observed in the fields. The pathogenicity tests revealed that there was no significant difference in the susceptibility of the solanaceous crops to the isolates of S. sclerotiorum. However, in case of S. minor, the potato cultivar Sumi was relatively less susceptible to the pathogen.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.364-375
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• 2014

소면적 재배작물 약효, 약해시험 그룹화를 위하여 소면적 재배작물 중 국내에 재배되는 엽채류 중 종류가 많고 재배면적이 비교적 큰 국화과 및 십자화과 작물인 상추, 잎브로콜리, 치커리, 배추, 열무, 유채, 쑥갓, 우엉, 앤디브, 겨자를 선정하여 십자화과 및 국화과에 공통으로 발생하는 병해충에 대한 포장시험 및 국내외 약효 시험성적을 비교검토 하였다. 국화과 및 십자화과 소면적 재배작물에 발생하는 흰가루병, 잿빛곰팡이병, 균핵병, 노균병, 무름병, 파밤나방, 도둑나방, 무테두리진딧물, 배추흰나비, 배추좀나방, 아메리카잎굴파리에 대한 약효시험 및 자료분석 결과에서도 기주 작물은 다르더라도 병해충이 동일종이면 방제효과가 유사한 경향으로 나타나는 것으로 보아 약효시험을 생략해도 될 가능성이 높아 국내 소면적 작물을 과별로 분류하고 동일 병원균을 대상으로 약효 외삽이 가능한 작물들을 분류한 후 작물잔류 상호적용 작물 그룹과의 연계를 검토하면 약효시험 및 잔류성 시험생략 후 약해시험만으로 간략히 적용하는 방안을 마련할 수 있을 것이다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2009

Bifenthrin, chlorothalonil, cypermethrin, diazinon, fenvalerate, phenthoate 및 procymidone 등 7종의 농약에 대한 잔류시험을 통해 외삽적용을 위한 연구를 실시하였다. 실험을 위해 소면적 재배작물 중 잔류농약 부적합 사례가 많은 작물을 중심으로 11종의 엽채류, 5종의 근채류, 그리고 6종의 경채류를 포함한 총 22종의 작물을 선정하여 재배한 후 7종의 농약을 각각 처리하여 24시간 경과 시점을 1일로 하여 1, 3, 5, 7 일차에 수확하여 분석하였다. 실험결과 회수율은 엽채류는 $72.0{\sim}117.0%$, 경채류는 $81.3{\sim}105.0%$, 그리고 근채류는 $70.1{\sim}108.1%$ 수준이었고 검출한계는 엽채류는 0.005-0.1 mg/kg, 경채류와 근채류는 0.001-0.005mg/kg 수준이었다. 농약의 감소경향과 작물의 표면 형태학적 차이에 의한 농약 잔류특성을 파악 비교하여 선정된 작물을 고잔류군과 저잔류군으로 그룹화하였고 이 내용을 바탕으로 대상 농약들에 대하여 경채류 및 근채류 작물을 대상으로 농약데이터의 외삽을 통한 안전사용기준 및 MRL의 설정이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2003

Cruciferous crops grown in greenhouses and fields in Korea were surveyed from 1995 to 2000. Sclerotinia rot most severely occurred up to 30％ in cabbage. Incidence of the disease was as high as 20% at its maximum in Chinese cabbage and rape and 10％ in radish, but as low as less than 1 or 2％ in broccoli and kale. Symptoms of Sclerotinia rot commonly developed on loaves and stems of the crucifers, but rarely on rachises of broccoli. A total of 112 isolates of sclerotinia species was obtained from the diseased crucifers. Out of the isolates, 103 isolates were identified as S. sclerotiorum, and the rest as 5. minor based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. S. sclerotiorum was isolated from all the crucifers, while S. minor was isolated from Chinese cabbage, broccoli, and kale. Six isolates of S. sclerotiorum and three isolates of S. minor were tested for their pathogenicity to the crucifers by artificial inoculation. All the isolates of the two Sclerotinia spp. induced rot symptoms on the plants of the crucifers tested, which were similar to those observed in the fields. The pathogenicity tests revealed that there was no significant difference in the susceptibility of the crucifers to the isolates of S. sclerotiorum. However, in case of S. minor, radish was relatively less susceptible to the pathogen.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2010

피복작물을 이용한 잡초 방제효과와 녹비효과를 비교 분석하여 효과적인 피복작물-잡곡 작부체계를 알아보기 위한 호밀과 자운영을 이용하여 포장시험을 수행한 결과는 다음과 같다. 피복작물의 잡초 방제효과는 잡초의 발아억제와 생육저해로 잡곡 초기생장에 있어 잡초발생시기를 늦추었다. 그러나 잡초 방제기간이 자운영은 30일 내외, 호밀은 40일 내외로 자운영보다 호밀의 잡초방제 효과가 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. 무처리구와 자운영 피복구는 잡곡의 출수기 차이는 나타나지 않았으나, 호밀의 피복구에서는 7일 정도 지연되었다. 피복작물에 대한 기장의 초장은 30%, 건물중은 70% 이상의 피해를 받았고, 조의 초장은 25%, 건물중은 60% 이상의 피해를 보였다. 그러나 시간이 경과함에 따라 조, 기장, 수수 모두 많은 회복을 보였으며, 특히 수수에서는 초장은 거의 회복되었으며, 건물중도 56% 까지 회복하였다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1990

• Mycobiology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

Composite vegetable crops grown in greenhouses and open fields in Korea were surveyed from 1995 to 1999. Occurrence of Sclerotinia rot was observed in 123 of 277 lettuce fields, in 11 of 18 head lettuce fields, in 12 of 14 endive fields, and in 4 of 38 garland chrysanthemum fields surveyed during the growing seasons. The disease most severely occurred up to 80% on lettuce. Incidence of the disease was as high as 20% at its maximum on endive and garland chrysanthemum but relatively low on head lettuce. Symptoms of the disease developed on leaves of all the composites, crowns of lettuce and head lettuce, and stems of garland chrysanthemum. Out of 240 isolates of Sclerotinia species obtained from the diseased composites, 169 isolates were identified as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and the others as S. minor based on their morphological and cultural characteristics. S. sclerotiorum was isolated from all the composites, and S. minor only from lettuce and endive. Eight isolates of S. sclerotiorum and four isolates of S. minor were tested for their pathogenicity to the composites by artificial inoculation. All the isolates of the two Sclerotinia spp. induced rot symptoms on the plants of the composites by artificial inoculation, which were similar to those observed in the fields. The pathogenicity tests revealed that there is no significant difference in virulence of the isolates to the composites and in susceptibility of the composites to the isolates.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the residual characteristics and safety assessment of αcypermethrin and deltamethrin in minor crops, chives and spring onion cultivated in greenhouse. METHODS AND RESULTS: The insecticides α-cypermethrin 2% EC and deltamethrin 1% EC used in the experiment were diluted 1,000 times and then sprayed on chives and spring onion twice with 1-week intervals at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days before harvest. The residual insecticides were extracted from the minor crops using QuEchERS method and analyzed by GC-MS/MS. The average initial residues of α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin in chives after 21 days decreased from 2.74 to 0.82 mg/kg and 1.12 to 0.16 mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, in spring onion the residues after the same periods decreased from 0.26 to <0.01 mg/kg for α-cypermethrin and from 0.07 to <0.01 mg/kg for deltamethrin. CONCLUSION(S): The PHIs (pre-harvest intervals) for α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin in chives are recommended as 14 days before harvest with twice applications of the pesticides, whereas for α-cypermethrin in spring onion PHI of 7 days before harvest is recommended with 3 times of applications and PHI of 21 days for deltamethrin. The theoretical maximum daily intakes of cypermethrin and deltamethrin were 68.8% and 64.2%, respectively, indicating that residues of both compounds did not pose considerable health risks to consumers.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.72-75
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• 2018

Balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorum) is one of minor crops in Korea. Only four ACCase inhibiting herbicides are registered for P. grandiflorum and the farmers usually use general but unregistered herbicides which can cause critical phytotoxicity. So, this study was conducted to investigate effects of alachlor and pendimethalin on germination and early growth of P. grandiflorum. To evaluate the effect of alachlor and pendimethalin, two herbicides were treated to the seeds in petri-dish and soil. In the petri-dish, alachlor completely inhibited the germination as well as pendimethalin inhibited the germination slightly but not significantly. In case of soil application, alachlor inhibited germination and plant height of P. grandiflorum significantly as well as pendimethalin inhibited plant height and root length significantly. We showed the possibility of phytotoxicity of alachlor and pendimethalin to P. grandiflorum and strongly suggest that two herbicides should not be used to the cultivation of P. grandiflorum. Unregistered herbicides should not be used for weed management and additional researches for screening of safe herbicide to minor crops should be conducted as soon as possible.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.37-50
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• 2024

The agricultural policy of Kim Jong-un's regime inherits the economic reform policy of the Kim Jong-Il period, which expands the autonomy of production and allows the market to dispose of products. The formation of markets represents an important factor in the business environment, as it indicates the establishment of fundamental conditions for management. However, major crops are still mainly managed by the state, and the government implements agricultural policies, such as emphasizing "Juche Farming." This study analyzed the impact of transition economic policies during the Kim Jong-un period on agricultural production using variability. Production variabilities increased for minor grain crops compared to previous years, but those of major grain (rice and maize) and horticultural crops did not change significantly. Even the production quantity of horticultural crops decreased, which is different from previous predicts that the expansion of the North Korean market would increase the consumption power of North Koreans and promote horticultural crop production. This study underscores the imperative for North Korea to develop policies aimed at stabilizing crop yields in the face of production variability. It proposes the establishment of an agricultural early warning system as a feasible solution to enhance agricultural infrastructure and promote inter-Korean cooperation.