• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.832-841
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• 2007

Rectal Temperature;Thermoregulation;Sows;Breed;The effects of season (hot vs. warm) in a tropical humid climate, parity (primiparous vs. multiparous) and breed (Creole: CR, Large White: LW) on rectal temperature (RT) were studied for a total of 222 lactations obtained in 85 sows (43 CR and 42 LW; 56 primiparous and 166 multiparous) over a 28-d lactation, between June 2002 and April 2005. Mean daily ambient temperature was higher during the hot season than during the warm season (26.0 vs. $24.1^{\circ}C$) and relative humidity was high and similar in both seasons (89% on average). At farrowing, BW was lower (172 vs. 233 kg) and backfat thickness was higher (37 vs. 21 mm) in CR than in LW sows (p<0.01). During the hot season, the reduction of average daily feed intake (ADFI) was more pronounced in LW than in CR sows (-920 vs. -480 g/d, p<0.05). Rectal temperature was higher at 1200 than at 0700hr, which coincides with the maximum and the minimum values of daily ambient temperature. The daily RT increased ($+0.9^{\circ}C$; p<0.01) between d -3 and d 7 (d 0: farrowing day), remained constant between d 7 and d 25 and decreased (p<0.01) thereafter (i.e. $-0.6^{\circ}C$ between d 25 and d 32). The average daily RT was significantly higher during the hot than during the warm season (38.9 vs. $38.6^{\circ}C$; p<0.01). It was not affected by breed, but the difference in RT between the hot and warm seasons was more pronounced in LW than in CR sows (+0.4 vs. $+0.2^{\circ}C$; p<0.05). Parity influenced the RT response; it was greater in primiparous than in multiparous sows (38.9 vs. $38.7^{\circ}C$; p<0.01). This study suggests that thermoregulatory responses to heat stress can differ between breeds and between parities.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.81-87
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• 1978

잠자의 중요한 병인 역병(Phytopthora infestans)은 우리나라의 주요씨감자 생산지대인 중부 고랭지대에서 매년 심한 피해를 초래하고 있는데 만일 포장에 역병이 처음 관찰된 후 약제를 살포치 않으면 식물체의 지상부는 14일 이내에 완전고사 하게 된다. 규칙적인 약제살포로 역병방제가 가능하지만 더욱이 역병발생예보에 따라 적기에 약제살포하므로써 방제효과는 물론 생산비를 절감할 수 있게 된다. 본 시험은 1970-1977년 8년간에 걸쳐 대관령의 기상상태와 역병발생 상황을 조사한바 7일 평균기온과 7일 적산강수량을 사용한 Hyre씨의 이동그라프(Moving graph)법에 의한 예보는 정확성이 높지 않았으나 여기에 상대습도와 7일 평균최저기온을 첨가하므로서 비교적 "Moving graph" 법에 의한 예보의 정확성을 높일 수가 있었다. 그러나 아직도 보다 정확한 역병예찰을 위하여 계속적인 조사시험이 필요하다고 생각된다. 또한 약제를 살포하는 곳에서의 역병에 감수성인 품종의 수량은 역병발생정도와 강우량과 밀접한 관계가 있었으며 특히 대관령 지방에서 감자 파종 후 역병발생까지의 일수와 파종 후 90일 수량으로 그 해의 씨감자의 수확양과 공급량을 미리 예측할 수 있게 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.400-406
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• 2013

This study was conducted to investigate the growth and flowering of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and salvia (Salvia splendens F. Sello ex Ruem & Schult.) seedlings before and after storage under fluorescent lamps and green LED radiation conditions with different light intensities during storage. The both seedlings were kept under a storage room controlled at $8^{\circ}C$ air temperature and $40{\pm}10%$ relative humidity conditions. Light intensities were maintained at 15 and $30{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ during storage. In lighting treatments, dry weight of African marigold at 28 days after storage was not significantly different, and decreased approximately 29% compared to pre-storage under dark treatment. There was no significant difference in the leaf area of salvia seedlings stored under dark condition compared to before storage, but the leaf area under green light radiation with higher light intensity (treatment GH) was two times greater than before storage. The survival rate after transplanting of African marigold stored under dark condition was 10%, and days to flowering increased compared to those stored under fluorescent and green light with higher light intensity (treatment FLH, GH). Comparing to before storage, growth and flowering of the both seedlings after storage were significantly promoted by the light exposure during storage. The present experimental results show that the light intensity should be decided to maintain minimum growth during lighting storage and storage quality of the seedlings such as flowering promotion and extended blooming period after lighting treatment during storage period from the above results.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제23권E1호
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• pp.16-28
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• 2007

An improved method was developed to determine gas-phase hydrogen peroxide($H_2O_2$) and organic hydro-peroxides (ROOH) in real-time, The analytical system for $H_2O_2$ is based on formation of hydroxybenzoic acid (OHBA), a strong fluorescent compound. OHBA is formed by a sequence of reactions, photoreduction of Fe(III)-EDTA to Fe(II)-EDTA, the Fenton reaction of Fe(II)-EDTA with $H_2O_2$, and hydroxylation of benzoic acid. By use of this analytical method rather than a previous similar method, Fenton reaction time was reduced from 2 min. to 30s. Air samples were collected by a surfaceless inlet to prevent inlet line losses. With a special arrangement of the sampling apparatus, sample delivery time was drastically reduced from ${\sim}5\;min\;to\;{\sim}20\;s$. The automated system was found to be sensitive, capable of continuous monitoring, and affordable to operate. A comparison of this method with a well-established one showed an excellent linear correlation, validating applicability of this technique to $H_2O_2$ determination. The system was applied to field measurements conducted during summertime of 2004 in Gwangju, South Korea. $H_2O_2$ was found to be a predominant species of peroxides. The diurnal variation of $H_2O_2$ displayed the maximum in early afternoon and the broad minimum throughout night. $H_2O_2$ was correlated positively with ozone, photochemical age, and temperature, however, negatively with $NO_x$ and relative humidity.

• 대기
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.459-474
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• 2008

Aerosol scattering coefficients for three different wavelengths ($\lambda$=450,550,700 nm) are measured almost continuously by a nephelometer in Seoul for a period of 13 months (February 2007-February 2008), which includes two weeks break in August 2007 for measurements at Daegwallyeong and YoungJongdo. The mean of the daily average scattering coefficients at $\lambda$=550 nm is $194.1{\pm}144.2Mm^{-1}$ and the minimum and maximum are $14.3Mm^{-1}$ and $998.1Mm^{-1}$, respectively. The scattering coefficient shows a general increasing trend with atmospheric relative humidity (RH). When the data are classified according to weather conditions, the days with no major weather events show the smallest scattering coefficient and also the lowest RH. Surprisingly haze/fog days show the largest scattering coefficient and Asian dust days comes in second. Although the variation is large within a season, winter shows the largest and autumn shows the smallest scattering coefficient. The average ${\AA}ngstr{\ddot{o}}m$ exponent is $1.40{\pm}0.32$ for the entire Seoul measurement. As expected, Asian dust days show the smallest ${\AA}ngstr{\ddot{o}}m$ exponent and haze/fog days are the next, suggesting more efficient hygroscopic growth of aerosols for this weather condition. Aerosol scattering coefficient seems to show better correspondence with CCN concentration rather than total aerosol concentration, which may indicate that CCN active aerosols are also good scattering aerosols.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate usefulness of numerical weather prediction data generated by the Unified Model (UM) for plant disease forecast. Using the UM06- and UM18-predicted weather data, which were released at 0600 and 1800 Universal Time Coordinated (UTC), respectively, by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA), disease forecast on bacterial grain rot (BGR) of rice was examined as compared with the model output based on the automated weather stations (AWS)-observed weather data. We analyzed performance of BGRcast based on the UM-predicted and the AWS-observed daily minimum temperature and average relative humidity in 2014 and 2015 from 29 locations representing major rice growing areas in Korea using regression analysis and two-way contingency table analysis. Temporal changes in weather conduciveness at two locations in 2014 were also analyzed with regard to daily weather conduciveness (C_i) and the 20-day and 7-day moving averages of C_i for the inoculum build-up phase (C_inc) prior to the panicle emergence of rice plants and the infection phase (C_inf) during the heading stage of rice plants, respectively. Based on C_inc and C_inf, we were able to obtain the same disease warnings at all locations regardless of the sources of weather data. In conclusion, the numerical weather prediction data from KMA could be reliable to apply as input data for plant disease forecast models. Weather prediction data would facilitate applications of weather-driven disease models for better disease management. Crop growers would have better options for disease control including both protective and curative measures when weather prediction data are used for disease warning.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.873-885
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• 2016

노지에서 재배되는 양파 생산량은 기후환경에 의하여 영향을 받으며, 특정 지역에서 많이 생산되는 지역적인 특성을 가지고 있다. 따라서 생산량 예측시 기상과 지역을 동시에 고려하는 접근이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 공간 패널 회귀모형을 이용하여 기상변화에 따른 생산량을 추정하였다. 양파 주산지 13곳에 대한 2006년부터 2015년까지의 기상 패널자료를 사용하여, 공간시차를 반영한 공간자기회귀(spatial autoregressive)모형을 사용하였다. 공간가중치 행렬은 임계치 설정방법과 최근거리 설정방법으로 나누어 분석하여, 최근 3곳까지 거리 설정방법을 사용한 모형이 최종 모형으로 선택되었으며, 자기상관성이 유의함을 보였다. 하우스만 검정을 통해 채택된 확률효과모형으로 분석한 결과 누적일조시간(1월), 평균상대습도(4월), 평균최저기온(6월), 누적강수량(11월) 등이 양파 생산량 예측에 유의한 변수로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between meteorological factors and agricultural reservoir storage, and predict the reservoir storage by multiple regression equation selected by high correlated meteorological factors. Two agricultural reservoirs (Geumgwang and Gosam) located in the upsteam of Gongdo water level gauging station of Anseong-cheon watershed were selected. Monthly reservoir storage data and meteorological data in Suwon weather station of 21 years (1985-2005) were collected. Three cases of correlation (case 1: yearly mean, case 2: seasonal mean dividing a year into 3 periods, and case 3: lagging the reservoir storage from 1 month to 3 months under the condition of case 2) were examined using 8 meteorological factors (precipitation, mean/maximum/minimum temperature, relative humidity, sunshine hour, wind velocity and evaporation). From the correlation analysis, 4 high correlated meteorological factors were selected, and multiple regression was executed for each case. The determination coefficient ($R^{2}$) of predicted reservoir storage for case 1 showed 0.45 and 0.49 for Geumgwang and Gosam reservoir respectively. The predicted reservoir storage for case 2 showed the highest $R^{2}$ of 0.46 and 0.56 respectively in the period of April to June. The predicted reservoir storage for 1 month lag of case 3 showed the $R^{2}$ of 0.68 and 0.85 respectively for the period of April to June. The results showed that the status of agricultural reservoir storage could be expressed with couple of meteorological factors. The prediction enhanced when the storage data are divided into periods rather than yearly mean and especially from the beginning time of paddy irrigation (April) to high decrease of reservoir storage (June) before Jangma.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.969-977
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• 2016

야외에서 재배되는 주요 채소류의 생산에 대한 기상변화의 영향력이 점차 커지고 있다. 기상변화로 인한 농작물 생산량의 변화는 공급과 수요의 불안정과 물가안정의 불안요소로 작용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 패널회귀모형을 이용하여 기상상태에 따른 마늘의 생산량을 추정하였다. 2006년부터 2015년까지의 마늘 주산지 15곳의 10a당 마늘 생산량과 해당 지역의 기상자료를 사용하였다. 7가지 기상요인 (평균기온, 평균최저기온, 평균최고기온, 누적강수량, 누적일조시간, 평균상대습도, 평균지면온도)의 월별 (1월-12월)자료인 총 84개 기상변수중 다중회귀분석 단계선택방법을 통하여 7가지 기상변수를 선택하여 패널회귀모형에 사용하였다. 고정효과 모형과 확률효과 모형을 구분하는 하우스만 검정을 통하여 확률효과 모형으로 분석한 결과 평균최고기온 (1월), 누적강수량 (3월, 10월), 누적일조시간 (4월, 10월)등이 마늘 생산량 추정에 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 또한 연도별로 추정된 생산량 추정값의 추이가 실제 생산량과 동일한 추세를 보이고 있어 제안된 패널 회귀 모형이 잘 적합됨을 확인할 수 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2017

자연재난에 따른 인명 및 재산피해의 증가로 재난 예방 및 대응에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 우리나라에서도 1994년에서 2013년까지 지난 20년간 자연재해에 의한 피해액은 약 12조 원 중 대설에 의한 피해가 약 13%로 대설도 강우나 태풍보다는 작은 규모이나, 의미 있는 규모의 피해를 야기하고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 대설피해액 추정을 위해 강원지역을 대상으로 기후관련 요인(최심적설량, 평균습도, 최저기온), 사회 경제적 요인(농촌지역인구밀도, 지역총생산량)을 독립변수로 하는 동시입력방식의 다중회귀모형을 구축하였다. 적용결과, 극한 값들에 대한 설명력이 다소 낮기는 하지만, 수정결정계수가 0.7 이상인 경우도 다수 존재하는 등 대설 발생 시 신속한 재난 대응에 활용하기에는 적용성이 충분하다고 판단된다.