• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.74-82
• /
• 2015

A method to filter out the effect of river stage fluctuations on groundwater level was designed using an artificial neural network-based time series model of groundwater level prediction. The designed method was applied to daily groundwater level data near the Gangjeong-Koryeong Barrage in the Nakdong river. Direct prediction time series models were successfully developed for both cases of before and after the barrage construction using past measurement data of rainfall, river stage, and groundwater level as inputs. The correlation coefficient values between observed and predicted data were over 0.97. Using the time series models the effect of river stage on groundwater level data was filtered out by setting a constant value for river stage inputs. The filtered data were applied to the hybrid water table fluctuation method in order to estimate the groundwater recharge. The calculated ratios of groundwater recharge to precipitation before and after the barrage construction were 11.0% and 4.3%, respectively. It is expected that the proposed method can be a useful tool for groundwater level prediction and recharge estimation in the riverside area.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.241-249
• /
• 2000

The bone mineral density(vertebrae Ll-4, femoral neck, Ward's triangle and trochanter) of 160 healthy adult women aged 29-45 was measured and general characteristics, anthropomentric measurements, and dietary intake were also studied to determine the main factors affecting the bone mineral density(BMD) of adult women. The nutrient intake of the subjects was adequate to RDA level except energy, Ca, Fe, and vit A. The BMD of vertebrae L24 showed significant positive association with nutrient intake such as animal protein, P, Ca(animal) and Fe(animal). The BMD of the femoral neck correlated significantly with anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat and body mass index. The BMD of both sites(vertebrae L24 and femoral neck) were significantly related to vertebrae L24 was daily Ca intake and that of femoral neck was daily energy expenditure. In conclusion, adequate nutrient intake, especially protein, P, Ca and Fe as well as increases in physical activity were suggested to prevent the loss of bone mineral density in adult women.

• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.42-47
• /
• 2006

It has been reported that taking a proper amount of calcium and vitamin D helps to increase bone mineral density (BMD) and is effective in decreasing the risk of osteoporosis. This study investigated the supplementary effects of calcium and vitamin D on postmenopausal women who had osteoporosis and used calcium and vitamin D supplements. The study subjects consisted of osteoporotic postmenopausal women who were recruited from the Department of Orthopedics in a university-affiliated hospital. Sixty-seven study subjects were orally administrated 1,000 mg of calcium (calcium carbonate) and 2.5 mg of active vitamin D (1-$\alpha$ hydroxyvitamin D) (cholecalciferol 250 IU) twice a day for a year and a half. BMD and biochemical markers were evaluated and repeated every six months. One year after the intervention test, the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was significantly increased as compared to the baseline. Six months after supplement administration, the level of serum alkaline phosphatase began to decrease, and afterwards a significant difference was maintained Concentration of 1, 25-dihydroxy-vitamin D at 1.5 years was higher than that of the baseline. In comparison with that of the baseline, the level of urinary hydroxyproline in the study subjects over six months was significantly decreased This study continued that effects such as BMD improvement and changes in biochemical markers appeared at least one year after administration of supplements.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 1997

Use of the viamin-mineral supplements markedly increased with the awareness of diet and health. Data were collected from the self-administered questionnaire of 450 free living elderly, 60 to 94 years old, in Korea, to assess the relationships between socioeconomic variables, beliefs about nutrition, and the factors affecting gupplements usage. In addition, vitamin-mineral intakes through the supplements were calculated, and compared with RDA. 44.9% of the subjects took the vitamin-mineral supplements, and significantly higher percentage of women(49.3%) than men(38.1%) took supplements(p<0.05). The higher the education level, monthly pocket money, the percentage of supplements consumption was higher. People living in large cities took more supplements than those in small cities. One of the mainly cited reasons for taking supplements was to maintain health. The most favored nutrient supplements used by the subjects were in the order of vitamin B complex, vitamin E and Calcium, and vitamin-mineral intake through the supplements were much greater than RDA and ranges of their intakes were very wide. Vitamin B1 and vitamin E were observed to consume excessive amount(63 times of RDA and 40 times of RDA, respectively). The reasons for supplementation were often inappropriate and unreliable sources of information were used. Thus nutritional understanding and education of the elderly peopled are needed in regard to the use of vitamin-mineral supplements, and the relationship between adequate diet and good health.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.69-85
• /
• 2018

In order to provide sufficient stability and resistance against bleeding and segregation during transportation and placing, mineral admixtures are often used in self-compacting concrete mixes (SCC). These fine materials also contribute to reducing the construction cost and the consumption of natural resources. Many studies have confirmed the benefits of these mineral admixtures on properties of SCC in standard curing conditions. However, there are few published reports regarding their effects at elevated curing temperatures. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of three different mineral admixtures namely limestone powder (LP), granulated blast furnace slag (GS) and natural pozzolana (PZ) on mechanical properties and porosity of SCC when exposed to different curing temperatures (20, 40, 60 and $80^{\circ}C$). The level of substitution of cement by mineral admixture was fixed at 15%. The results showed that increasing curing temperature causes an improvement in performance at an early age without penalizing its long-term properties. However the temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ is considered the optimal curing temperature to make economical and high performance SCC. On the other hand, GS is the most suitable mineral admixture for SCC under elevated curing temperature.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2001

The effect of mineral oil treatment in Burley 21 tobacco field on the control of potato virus Y(PVY-VN) mostly transmitted by green peach apid(Myzus persicae Sulzer) in nature was studied and the virus infection in some plants including potato, pepper, bramble, radish, etc near the tobacco fields as a virus infection source was tested by capillary tube precipitatioin test with PVY-antibody and bioassay in Xanthi-nc tobacco. The main source of PVY-VN infection in tobacco field in korea was potato(ca. 40% of test plants infected). Pepper and bramble were also infected by PVY-VN. The control level of PVY-VN infection by treatment of 0.75% liquid mineral oil with 3 % nonionic emulsifier to the plants was 84.8 % in case of the artificial transfection with a infected apterous aphid in laboratory. However, the reduction of PVY-VN disease severity in tobacco fields treated with mineral oil at late June was only 35.5%. These results suggest that mineral oil treatment is not so effective for the protection of aphid-born virus(PVY - VN) infection in tobacco fields.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.635-644
• /
• 2008

물리탐사는 측정점에 대한 정보에만 국한하는 다른 조사방법과는 달리 지반내부에 대한 영상 및 정보를 제공할 수 있으므로 환경오염부지 평가 및 감시, 지반조사, 지질재해 등에서 중요한 기술로 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 상기물리탐사 요소기술에 관한 특허분석을 실시하였다. 1976년부터 2005년까지 출원된 특허의 요약문, 청구항, 도면 검색 등을 통해 총 904건의 관련 특허를 추출하였다. 추출된 특허를 대상으로 국가별, 연도별, 출원인별, 그리고 기술 분야별 출원동향을 분석하였다. 또한 미국특허 분석을 통해 국가별 기술수준을 비교 분석하였다. 상위 5위의 출원국가는 미국, 영국, 일본, 노르웨이 그리고 프랑스 순이었으며, 특히 미국과 영국 출원인의 특허건수가 663건(73.3%)으로 이 분야 기술개발을 주도하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다.

• 한국광물학회지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.115-127
• /
• 2009

울릉분지 퇴적물의 피스톤 코어 시료에 대하여 X-선 분말 회절분석과 리트벨트 방법의 광물정량 소프트웨어를 이용하여 구성광물을 정량적으로 분석하였다. 퇴적물은 세립질의 석영, 장석, 운모, 비정질 오팔-A, 점토광물, 방해석, 황철석 등으로 구성되어 있다. 이중에서 가장 많은 양으로 나타나는 것은 오팔-A이며, 심도 증가에 따라 함량의 점이적인 증가와 감소를 반복적으로 보여주고 있다. 오팔-A 함량의 심도별 변화와 유기탄소함량의 변화는 유사한 경향을 보여주고 있으며, 오팔-A의 함량이 많은 심도에서 규조각의 화석이 다량 산출되고 있다. 이것은 심해 원양성 환경의 규조각 등으로 구성된 비정질 규산광물이 울릉분지 퇴적물의 주 성분을 이루고 있음을 시사한다. 오팔-A는 코어의 상위구간으로 갈수록 증가되는 경향을 보여주는데, 특히 분지의 가장자리 사면부근에서 채취한 코어에서 상위로 갈수록 증가하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타난다. 심도에 따른 탄산염 방해석의 함량은 오팔-A의 함량과는 반비례하는 경향이 나타난다. 이것은 해수면의 상승과 하강에 따라 해수면 상승기에는 오팔-A가 증가하며, 하강기에는 오팔-A가 감소하고 방해석의 양이 증가한 것으로 해석된다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.212-219
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the association between hair mineral levels and nutrient intakes, age, and BMI in female adults who visited a woman's clinic located in Seoul. Dietary intakes were assessed by food frequency questionnaire and mineral levels were measured in collected hairs, and the relationship between these was examined. The average daily nutrient intakes of subjects were compared to those of the KDRIs, and the energy intake status was fair. The average intake of calcium in women of 50 years and over was 91.35% of KDRls and the potassium intake was greatly below the recommended levels in all age groups. In the average hair mineral contents in subjects, calcium and copper exceeded far more than the reference range while selenium was very low with 85.19% of subjects being lower than the reference value. In addition, the concentrations of sodium, potassium, iron, and manganese in the hair were below the reference ranges in over 15% of subjects. The concentrations of sodium, chromium, sulfur, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with age, but the hair zinc level showed a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with age. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, chromium, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with BMI. Some mineral levels in subjects of this study showed significant correlations with nutrient intakes, but it seems that the hair mineral content is not directly influenced by each mineral intake. As described above, some hair mineral levels in female adults deviated from the normal range, and it is considered that nutritional intervention to control the imbalance of mineral nutrition is required. Also, as some correlations were shown between hair mineral levels and age, BMI, and nutrient intakes, the possibility of utilizing hair mineral analysis for specific purposes in the future is suggested.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.195-201
• /
• 2011

이 연구는 폐경 전 후 여성의 요추골밀도의 예측인자의 차이를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 총 483명의 성인 여성을 대상으로 체성분, 지질, 혈압, 골밀도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 폐경 전 집단의 수축기 혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤이 폐경 후 집단에 비해 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 골밀도와 가장 상관관계가 있는 것은 제지방인 것으로 나타났으며, 폐경 후 집단의 골밀도는 저밀도지단백콜레스테롤 수준과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 골밀도에 영향을 미치는 예측인자를 알아본 결과 폐경 전 집단은 체중, 체지방율, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤이 영향을 미치는 변수였으며, 폐경 후 집단은 체중, 연령, 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 수준이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.