• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.384-388
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the optimal process conditions of instant soybean soup for the soybean noodles. The process of soybean soup was in the other or soaking, cooking, peeling, drying, milling and packaging. The optimal conditions of soaking process obtained at 25$\^{C}$ for 4hrs, and the protein content of yellow and black soybean after soaking treatment were 21.97% and 19.58%, respectively. As the increasing of cooking time, the moisture content was not changed, and optimal cooking condition through the sensory evaluation was obtained at 100$\^{C}$ and 15min. The protein contents of cooked yellow and black soybean dried by hot-air and far infrared-ray were 43.40∼44.18% and 44.59∼51.36%, respectively. From the results of sensory evaluation, the yellow and black soybean dried with far infrared-ray at 45$\^{C}$ for 5hrs were excellent, and the difference between the marketed soybean soup and instant soybean soup produced by this experimental process for soybean noodles was not exist. The optimal concentration of instant soybean soup for soybean noodles was determined to be 50g of soybean powder with 1L water.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2002

Abstract Spinel powder having a particle size of 0.9$\mu$m was calcined for 30 min at $1300^{\circ}C$, followed by ball milling for 4h, to obtain the spinel particle size of 3.29$\mu$m. The die-pressed spinel was presintered at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 2h and then lanthanum aluminosilicate glass was infiltrated at $1080^{\circ}C$ for 0~2 h to investigate the penetration kinetics in glass-spinel composite. The infiltration distance is parabolic in time due to capillarity. The strength and the fracture toughness of glassspinel composites were 317 MPa and 3.56 MPa $m^{1/2}$ respectively and dual microstructure of column (needle) and polygonal shapes as a result of recrystallization was observed due to the high calcination temperature.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 2004

The tool path needs to be determined in an efficient manner to generate the final NC (numerical control) code for efficient machining. This is particularly important in machining free form pockets with an arbitrary wall geometry on a three-axis CNC machine. Many CAD/CAM systems use linear interpolation to generate NC tool paths for curved surfaces. However, this needs to be modified to improve the smoothness of the machined bottom surface, reduce machining time and CL (cutter location) file size. Curved machining can be a solution to reduce these problems. The unified rough and finish cut algerian and the tool motion is graphically simulated. In this paper, a grid based 3D navigation algorithm for generating NC tool path data for both linear interpolation and a combination of linear and circular interpolation for three-axis CNC milling of general pockets with sculptured bottom surfaces is developed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.627-632
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• 1995

W-Cu composites utilize the high electrical conductivity of copper and arc erosion resistance of tungsten to provide properties better suited to electrical contact applications than either tungsten or copper alone. W-Cu composite materials were milled in an attritor with an impeller speed of 300rpm for various milling times. The milled powders were compacted at 300MPa into cylinders, 16m in diameter, and approximately 4m high. Sintering was performed in dry H$_2$at temperature ranging from 1200$^{\circ}C$ to 1400$^{\circ}C$. Samples were sectioned and were polished for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of microstructures. Homogeneous W-Cu composites were formed after 10 hours mechanical alloying and could be attained 99% density at 1330$^{\circ}C$. As mechanical alloying time increased, Fe-concentration was increased linearly. Intermetallic compound formation interupted the growth of W particles Increased hardness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.166-169
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• 2003

In this study, we evaluated the characteristics by the addition of 3 different kinds of nonionic surfactant to improve the dispersion stability of slurries. Slurry stability is an issue in any industry in which settling of particles can result in poor performance. So we observed the variation of particle size and settling rate when the concentration and addition time of surfactant are changed. When the surfactant is added after milling process, the particle size and pH became low. It is supposed that the particle agglomeration was disturbed by adsorption of surfactant on alumina abrasive. The settling rate was relatively stable when nonionic surfactant is added about 0.1~1.0 wt%. When molecular weight(MW) is too small like Brij 35, it was appeared low effect on dispersion stability. Because it can't prevent coagulation and subsequent settling with too small MW. The proper quality of MW for slurry stability was presented about 500,000. Consequently, the addition of nonionic surfactant to alumina slurry has been shown to have very good effect on slurry stabilization. If we apply this results to copper CMP process, it is thought that we will be able to obtain better yield.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2020

In this study, the effects of kaolin addition on the properties of reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composites are investigated. A reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite is prepared using the replica template method. The microstructure and pore characteristics of the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composites are analyzed by controlling the PPI value (45, 60, and 80 PPI) of the polyurethane foam (which are used as the polymer template), the ball-milling time (8 and 24 h), and the amount of kaolin (0-50 wt. %). The average pore size decreases as the amount of kaolin increases in the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite. As the amount of kaolin increases, it can be determined that the amount of inter-connected pore channels is reduced because the plate-shaped kaolin particles connect the gaps between irregular diatomite particles. Consequently, a higher kaolin percentage affects the overall mechanical properties by improving the pore channel connectivity. The effect of kaolin addition on the basic properties of the reticulated porous diatomite-kaolin composite is further discussed with characterization data such as pore size distribution, scanning electron microscopy images, and compressive strength.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.142-147
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• 2010

Nano-sized $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$ powders were prepared by the spray pyrolysis process. Sucrose used as the organic additive enabled the formation of nano-sized $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$ powders. The powders prepared from the spray solution without sucrose had a spherical shape, dense structure and micron size before and after calcination. However, the precursor powders prepared from the spray solution with sucrose had a large size, and hollow and porous morphology. The precursor powders had an amorphous crystal structure because of the short residence time of the powders inside the hot wall reactor. The complete decomposition of sucrose did not occur inside the hot wall reactor. Therefore, the precursor powders obtained from the spray solution with sucrose of 0.5M had a carbon content of 39.2wt.%. The powders obtained from the spray solution with sucrose of 0.5M had a slightly aggregated structure of nano-sized primary powders of $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$ crystalline phase after calcination at $1000^{\circ}C$. The calcined powders turned into nano-sized $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$ powders after milling. The mean size of the $BaNd_2Ti_5O_{14}$ powders was 125 nm.

• Korean Journal of Dental Materials
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chitosan powder addition on the strengthening of conventional glass ionomer cement. Two types of chitosan powders with different molecular weight were mixed with conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC): low-molecular weight chitosan (CL; 50~190 kDa), high-molecular weight chitosan (CH; 310~375 kDa). The chitosan powders (CL and CH) were separately added into the GIC liquid (0.25-0.5 wt%) under magnetic stirring, or mixed with the GIC powder by ball-milling for 24 h using zirconia balls. The mixing ratio of prepared cement was 2:1 for powder to liquid. Net setting time of cements was measured by ISO 9917-1. The specimens for the compressive strength (CS; $4{\times}6mm$), diametral tensile strength (DTS; $6{\times}4mm$), three-point flexure (FS; $2{\times}2{\times}25mm$) with flexure modulus (FM) were obtained from cements at 1, 7, and 14 days after storing in distilled water at $(37{\pm}1)^{\circ}C$. All mechanical strength tests were conducted with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post-hoc test. The mechanical properties of conventional glass ionomer cement was significantly enhanced by addition of 0.5 wt% CL to cement liquid (CS, DTS), or by addition of 10 wt% CH (FS) to cement powder. The CL particles incorporated into the set cement were firmly bonded to the GIC matrix (SEM). Within the limitation of this study, the results indicated that chitosan powders can be successfully added to enhance the mechanical properties of conventional GIC.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.34-38
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• 2012

Titanium has good deformability, high hardness, high biocompatibility, excellent corrosion resistance and low density. Due to these attractive properties, it has been used in many industrial applications. Dense nanostructured Ti was sintered from mechanically activated Ti and $TiH_2$ powders by high frequency induction heating under pressure of 80 MPa. The advantage of this process is that it allows very quick densification to near theoretical density and inhibition of grain growth. $TiH_2$ powder was decomposed to Ti during sintering. The hardness of Ti increased and the average grain size of Ti decreased with increasing milling time. The average grain sizes of Ti samples sintered from Ti and $TiH_2$ powder milled for 5 hrs were about 26 nm, 44 nm, respectively. The hardness of Ti sintered from Ti and $TiH_2$ powder milled for 5 h was $504kg/mm^2$ and $567kg/mm^2$, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.205-212
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• 2009

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain texture is an important determinant of milling properties and end product use. Two linked genes, puroindoline a (PINA) and puroindoline b (PINB), control most of the genetic variation in wheat grain texture. Wheat seed proteins were examined to identify PINA and PINB gene using two pre-harvest sprouting wheat cultivars; Jinpum (resistant) and Keumgang (susceptible).Wheat seed proteins were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis with IEF gels over pH ranges: pH 3-10. A total of 73 spots were digested with trypsin resulting peptide fragmentation were analyzed by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Mass spectra were automatically processed and searched through NCBInr, SWISS-PORT and MSDB database with mono isotopic masses and complete gene sequence were found by UniProt database. Puroindoline a and puroindoline b that is responsible for grain texture related with baking performance and roughness. Two spots were found Pin b (16.7 kDa) and Pin a (16.3 kDa) in Jinpum compare to seven spots were identified Pin a (16.1 kDa, 16.3 kDa) and Pin b (16.7 kDa, 9.5 kDa and 14.4 kDa) in Keumgang. Some selected spots were identified puroindoline like grain softness protein (16.9 kDa, 17 kDa and 18.1 kDa) in Keumgang. Moreover, to gain a better inferring the identification of puroindoline related proteins using proteomics, we accomplished a complete gene sequence of PINA and PINB gene in pre-harvesting sprouting wheat seeds between resistant (Jinpum) and susceptible (Keumgang).