• Title/Summary/Keyword: microscopic perspectives

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A Microscopic Review on the Changes in Lavatory/Bathroom and Daily Lives in Korean Housing (주거 내 배설 및 목욕공간의 변천과 일상생활에 대한 미시적 고찰)

  • Jun, Nam-Il;Yang, Se-Hwa;Hong, Hyung-Ock;Sohn, Sei-Kwan;Eun, Nan-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to fine the changes in lavatory/bathroom and daily lives to clarify the modernization process of the housing through everyday affairs and adjustment behaviors after the period of opening the port with microscopic perspectives. For the purpose, reviews were focused on hygiene and cleanliness in lavatory/bathroom and the changes in such areas. Secondly, how the process of conflict and settlement due to such changes had been approached since modernization was studied. Research method used were literature review and field study. The results of the study were as the follows: From the perspective of 'hygiene' and 'cleanliness', which were the main characteristics of modernization, the lavatory/bathroom culture in traditional Korean housing might be considered very unsanitary and despicable. The actual problems encountered by the inhabitants, however, might be less significant than those discovered by the pioneers at that time. Despite such reality, housing adjustments through renovations of the bathrooms and lavatories by some classes implied the need for housing, which had been inhibited in themselves. Also it was found that the family conflicts due to cultural and life style differences existed in each time period.

A Comparative Study on the Various Perspectives on the Nature of Science through Textbook Analysis Centering on the Consensus View, Features of Science, and Family Resemblance Approach (교과서 분석을 통한 과학의 본성에 대한 여러 관점의 비교 -전통적 접근, 과학의 특성, 가족 유사성 관점을 중심으로-)

  • Jho, Hunkoog
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.39 no.5
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    • pp.681-694
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    • 2019
  • This study intends to delineate the characteristics of various perspectives on the nature of science (NOS) through the textbook analysis. Thus, centering on a science textbook called Science Laboratory Experiments, this study analyzes the elements of the NOS from three different perspectives: the consensus view, features of science (FOS), and family resemblance approach (FRA). While the consensus view highlights the similar elements of the NOS across the topics, the FOS is concerned about empirical ways for doing science. The FRA rather focuses on socio-cultural aspects of science activities. While the consensus view is useful to reify the features of the NOS, the FRA helps to understand science from various viewpoints. Regarding the philosophical account for three perspectives, all of them are ambiguous to some extent. The consensus view holds contradictory dispositions e.g., relativism vs. (post-)positivism, and critical realism and instrumentalism. The FOS supports empirical tradition but cannot effectively cope with the anomalous situation. The FRA is useful to show up the ways of science in both microscopic (personal) and macroscopic (social) viewpoints. However, the broader concept about science may mislead understanding of the NOS. Consequently, this study provides some implication for improving the framework of the NOS and teaching the NOS in the classroom.

Nanometrology and its perspectives in environmental research

  • Kim, Hyun-A;Seo, Jung-Kwan;Kim, Taksoo;Lee, Byung-Tae
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.29
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    • pp.16.1-16.9
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    • 2014
  • Objectives Rapid increase in engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in many goods has raised significant concern about their environmental safety. Proper methodologies are therefore needed to conduct toxicity and exposure assessment of nanoparticles in the environment. This study reviews several analytical techniques for nanoparticles and summarizes their principles, advantages and disadvantages, reviews the state of the art, and offers the perspectives of nanometrology in relation to ENP studies. Methods Nanometrology is divided into five techniques with regard to the instrumental principle: microscopy, light scattering, spectroscopy, separation, and single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results Each analytical method has its own drawbacks, such as detection limit, ability to quantify or qualify ENPs, and matrix effects. More than two different analytical methods should be used to better characterize ENPs. Conclusions In characterizing ENPs, the researchers should understand the nanometrology and its demerits, as well as its merits, to properly interpret their experimental results. Challenges lie in the nanometrology and pretreatment of ENPs from various matrices; in the extraction without dissolution or aggregation, and concentration of ENPs to satisfy the instrumental detection limit.

UML-based PLC Ladder Logic Design and Automatic Generation of Ladder Code (UML 기반 PLC 래더 로직 설계와 코드 자동 생성)

  • Han, Kwan-Hee;Park, Jun-Woo
    • Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.50-59
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    • 2009
  • There are two main problems in the current PLC ladder programming practices: First, currently there are no widely adopted systematic design methods to deal with PLC based control systems in the shop floor. So, the control logic design phase is usually omitted in current PLC programming development life cycle. Second, PLC ladder logic provides only microscopic view of system processes. As a result, it is difficult for FA engineers to have overall perspectives about the interaction of system components intuitively during the verification step of logic errors. To solve these problems, this paper proposed object-oriented design and automatic generation method of PLC ladder logic. Based on the proposed method, the computer software to assist the automatic ladder logic generation is also developed.

Analysis of Snow Removal Vulnerability through Relationship between Snow Removal Works and Weather Forecasts (제설작업과 기상정보의 상관관계를 통한 제설취약성 분석)

  • Yang, Choong-Heon;Kim, In-Su;Jeon, Woo-Hoon
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.141-148
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    • 2012
  • PURPOSES : This study demonstrates the need for the collection of road weather information in order to perform efficient snow removal works during the winter season. Snow removal operations are usually dependent upon weather information obtained from the Automatic Weather Station provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. However, there are some difference between road weather and weather forecasts in their scope. This is because general weather forecasts are focused on macroscopic standpoints rather than microscopic perspectives. METHODS : In this study, the relationship between snow removal works and historical weather forecasts are properly analyzed to prove the importance of road weather information. We collected both weather data and snow removal works during winter season at "A" regional offices in Gangwon areas. RESULTS : Results showed that the validation of weather forecasts for snow removal works were depended on the height difference between AWS location and its neighboring roadway. CONCLUSIONS : Namely, it appears that road weather information should be collected where AWS location and its neighboring roadway have relatively big difference in their heights.

Ideal Housing in the Home Exposition Under the Japanese Colonial Rule (일제강점기 가정박람회에 나타난 이상주거)

  • Yang, Se-Hwa;Ryu, Hyun-Joo;Eun, Nan-Soon
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.47 no.1
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    • pp.45-54
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of the study is to examine the characteristics of the ideal housing for the modern family suggested by the Home Exposition (September, 1915) under the Japanese colonial rule in the macroscopic context of social change and the microscopic context of family. Through this research, we expect to have a partial understanding not only of changes in the outward appearance of traditional housing spaces during the civilization period and the early Japanese colonial rule when foreign cultures began to be introduced but also of families'residential lives and the patterns of change in people's consciousness of housing. Major conclusions from the current analysis are as follows. First, there were some changes in family paradigm induced through a home exhibition. Second, the most important factor for an ideal housing was that it must be the source of harmonic and healthy family life. Third, the importance of an appropriate space norm should be emphasized by providing the minimum size of each room. Fourth, the significance of the housing values of the economy, convenience, and hygiene should be emphasized for the ideal housing. Lastly, it was implied that for an ideal housing, the social and psychological aspects of housing must be satisfied along with the physical aspects. The limitation was that the model of ideal family housing presented in the Home Exposition cannot exclude the characteristics of the colonial perspectives in that it was followed by the model for the Japanese families.

A Study on Makerspace: Focusing on Its Urbanism and Placeness (산업공간으로서 메이커스페이스의 도시성(urbanism)과 장소성(placeness))

  • Jeong Seok Ha
    • Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.547-567
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    • 2022
  • In this study, I focus on makerspaces, which have rapidly spread since the late 2000s in the world's major cities. Makerspaces, born amid great social change, reflect the core characteristics of industrial space. I analyze the makerspace based on the theoretical perspectives of urbanism in the macroscopic aspect and placeness in the microscopic aspect. The urbanism of makerspaces is manifested through entry into the inner cities and their connections with urban capabilities. This means that convergence with innovation factors is becoming more important than optimization of factor costs and agglomeration economies in the locational determinants of industrial space. The placeness of makerspaces is being re-formed through an emphasis on taste, the expansion of autonomy, and the strengthening of connections. This reveals how the value creation process within the industrial space is changing, from forming-placelessness through standardization, uniformity, and compartmentalization to forming-placeness through restoration of individual humanity and interaction. The results of the urbanism and placenesss analysis carry implications for the present moment, when it is necessary to diversify the spatial planning of industrial spaces.

The post-epic characteristics in Jan Lauwers' theatre -, and - (얀 라우어스(Jan Lauwers) 공연의 탈서사적 특징들 -<이사벨라의 방(Isabella's Room)>, <랍스터 가게(The Lobster Shop)>, <사슴의 집(Deer House)>을 중심으로-)

  • Nam, Jisoo
    • Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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    • no.48
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    • pp.447-484
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    • 2012
  • This study aims to analyze the characteristics of post-epic theatre in the Belgian theatre director Jan Lauwers' trilogy titled in "Happy Face/Sad Face": (2004), (2006) and (2008). I regard that it played a very important junction for him to create his own theatrical style compared to earlier years. From this period, Lauwers has tried to create his original plays in order to concentrate the story of our era and has showed to combine a variety of media such as dance, installation, video, singing etc. In this context, I would like to study his own theatricality from the three perspectives of dramaturgy, directing and acting largely based on Hans-Thies Lehmann's theory of post-epic theatre, who pointed out the significance of Lauwer's theatrical leading role very early. First, from the dramaturgical point of view, we need to pay attention to the theme of translunary death; where the living and the dead coexist on the stage. In fact, death is the theme that Lauwers has been struggling to research for quite long time. In his trilogy, the dead never exits the stage. The dead, who is not a representative tragic character, even meddles the things among or with the living and provide comments to people. As a consequence, it happens to reduce a dramaturgical strong tension, leads depreciation of suspense and produces humanism in a way. This approach helps to create his unique comical theatrical atmosphere even though he deals with the contemporary tragic issues such as war, horror and death. Second, from the directing point of view, it is worth to take a look at the polyphonic strategy in terms to applying various media. Among all the things, the arts of dancing and singing in chorus are actively applied in Lauwer's trilogy. The dance is used in individual and microscopic way, on the other hand, singing shows collective and is a macroscopic quality. The dance is the representing media to show Lauwer's simultaneous microscopic mise-en-scene. While main plot takes place around the center-stage, actors perform a dance around the off-centered stage. Instead of exiting from the stage during the performance, the actors would continue dance -sometimes more like movements- around the off-centered stage. This not only describes the narrative, but also shows how each character is engaged to the main plot or incident, and how they look into it as a character. Its simultaneous microscopic mise-en-scene intends to function such as: showing a variety moments of lives, amplifying some moments or incidents, revealing character's emotion, creating illusionary theatrical atmosphere and so on. Meanwhile, singing simple lyrics and tunes are an example of the media to stimulate the audiences' catharsis. As the simple melody lingers in the audiences' mind, it ends up delivering a theatrical message or theme after the performance. This message would be transferred from the singing in chorus functions as a sort of leitmotive in order to make an impression to the audience. This not only richens their emotion but also creates an illusionary effect. Third, from the acting perspective, I'd like to point out the "detachment" aesthetic which Lehmann has pointed out. The actors never go deep into the drama by consistently doing recognize a theatrical illusion. The audience happens to pay attention to their presence through the actor's deliberate gesture, business, movement, rhythm, language, dance etc. The actors are against forming closed action by speaking in various languages or by revealing deliberately stage directions or acts, and by creating expressive mise-en-scene with multiple media. As a consequent, the stage can be transformed to not a metaphoric but a metonymic place. These actions are the ultimate intention for a direct effect to the audience. So to speak, Lauwers uses the anti-illusionary theatrical method: the scenes of fantastic death, interruption of singing and dance, speaking many kinds of languages, acting in detachment-status and so on. These strategies function to make cracks in spectators' desire who has a desire to construct a linear narrative. I'd like to say that it is the numerous potentiality to let the reality penetrate though and collide the reality with a fiction. By doing so, it induces for spectators to see the reality in the fiction. As Lehmann says, "when theatre presents itself as a sketch and not as a finished painting, the spectators are given the chance to feel their own presence, to reflect on it, and to contribute to the unfinished character themselves". In this sense the spectators can perform an objective criticism on our society and world in Lauwer's theatre because there are a number of gaps and cracks in his theatrical illusion where reality can penetrate. This is also the point that we can find out the artists' responsibility in this era of our being.

The Analysis of Thought Change of 11th Grade Students related to Conservation of Mass and Volume Change by Responsive Teaching (반응적 교수법에 의한 고등학교 1학년 학생들의 질량 보존과 부피 변화에 대한 사고 변화 분석)

  • Jo, Na-Yeon;Pail, Seoung-Hey
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.64 no.5
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    • pp.304-317
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    • 2020
  • This study was conducted on four 11th grade students at a high school in a small town to determine the effectiveness of responsive teaching. The three phases of the responsive teaching method proposed in the previous study were subdivided into six stages; Step 1 is elicitation of students' thoughts related to macroscopic world, Step 2 is drawing of students' early thoughts related to microscopic world, Step 3 is disciplinary connections with ideas of the particle, Step 4 is to clarify the learner's thoughts on the particle by the teacher's involvement, Step 5 is deepening students' thoughts, and Step 6 is expanding ideas. In Step 4, students came to the recognition that the cause of mass was atoms and that the cause of volume was molecules. In Step 5, students led to a shift in thinking that could ignore the volume of the molecules themselves through the properties of protons and neutrons that affect mass from a particle perspective. In the Step 6 of expanding ideas, students explained molecular motion by the concept of material point which ignores the volume of particles. This steps gave students perspectives on the relationship between the mass and volume of particles required by Avogadro's law. The students recognized that some systems could be studied only indirectly because they were too small, too large, too fast, or too slow to observe directly.

Oral Health and Occupational Status among Korean Adults (우리나라 성인의 직업 수준에 따른 구강건강불평등 현황)

  • Shin, Bo-Mi;Bae, Soo-Myoung;Yoo, Sang-Hee;Shin, Sun-Jung
    • Journal of dental hygiene science
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the oral health condition and behavioral status of Korean adults according to occupational status. The subjects were 7,676 adults, aged between 19 and 64 years, who completed both oral examination and questionnaire survey, among those who indicated that they were currently participating in economic activities, according to the data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Occupational class and employment status were selected as measures of occupational status. Complex-samples logistic regression models were used to assess the associations among oral health, behavioral, and occupational statuses. We found a significant occupational class-related difference in the oral health and behavioral statuses of both the men and women. In particular, the prevalence odds ratios of untreated dental caries in manual workers were 1.19 and 1.67 times higher than in non-manual workers, for men and women, respectively. As for oral health condition and behavioral status according to employment status, the health risk in temporary employment workers was higher than that in permanent employment workers. As for the prevalence odds ratios of the risk of dental caries, the highest values were observed for tooth brushing fewer than 3 times per day, not undergoing oral examinations, and chewing difficulty complaints. The risk of dental caries for agricultural, forestry, and fishing workers for both men and women was found to be the highest among other workers. Thus, strategies to promote workplace oral health in the microscopic and macroscopic perspectives should be developed to constantly monitor oral health problems, and to identify vulnerable social groups within occupational groups and the related factors that mediate oral health differences.