• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1974

This study was carried out to investigate on the morphology, distribution and stainability of the mast cells in the Korean Native goat. For the study, the experimental animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and opened the anterior abdomianl wall to remove immediately the specimens with a minimum of mechanical effects. The mesenteries were fixed in 10% neutral formalin, 4% basic lead acetate, absolute alcohol and ethlene glycol monoethyl ether. Following 24 hours of fixation, the toto preparation stained with 0.4% toluidine blue, 1% methylene blue, 1.5% bismark brown, saturated thionine and thionlne-methylene blue complex solution. The preparation were observed from 10 microscopic field with 450 magnification. The results were as follows: 1. The form of the mesenteric mast cell was found 2 types. One was spindle form in larger number around vessels, the other was ovoid or spherical form in connective tissue far from blood vessels. 2. The average size was $18.63{\pm}5.75{\mu}m$ in length, $10.61{\pm}3.39{\mu}m$ in width and number was $105.50{\pm}18.45$. 3. Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether was particularly useful in preserving the mast cell granules. 4. Thione-methylene blue complex solution might be recommended to stain of granules.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.295-300
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• 1987

Spectroscopic studies have been carried out on the metachromatic behavior of methylene blue(MB) and acridine orange(AO) in the presence of chondroitin sulfate A(CSA) and chondroitin sulfate C(CSC). The characteristic changes of the meta-band with the changes of P/D value are discussed in terms of the stacking theory. Quantitative studies on the stacking effect are made to calculate the number of bound molecules of dye per unit molecule of the polyanion. The result shows that MB has stronger stacking effect than AO. A stacking model and the dimension of the bound dyes on the surface of the polyanion are proposed, on the basis of the dimer model of planar aromatic dyes and the most stable conformation of the CSA chain. The model is found to be reasonable in accordance with the experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.34-34
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• 2010

Activities of various $TiO_2$ nanostructures in photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue and toluene were determined in order to shed light on the relationship between structures and photocatalytic activity. Commercially available P-25 samples were used in the present work. In addition, $TiO_2$ nanostructures were synthesized using atomic layer deposition (ALD). We show that change in the surface structure of $TiO_2$ upon variois surface treatments results in variation in photocatalytic activity. In particular, increase in the number of OH groups on the surface leads to the enhancement in photocatalytc activity. Surface OH groups increases adsorption reactivity of organic reactants, thereby increasing activity in photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue and toluene.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.417-422
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• 2010

Nanosized $TiO_2$ particles were prepared by hydrothermal method from the aqueous peroxotitanate solution using the different carboxylic acids as an additives. The physical properties of prepared nanosized $TiO_2$ particles were investigated and we also examined the activity of $TiO_2$ particles as a photocatalyst on the decomposition of methylene blue. The major phase of all the prepared $TiO_2$ particles was an anatase structure regardless of carboxylic acids and a rutile peak was observed above $700^{\circ}C$. The photocatalytic activity increased with an increase of hydrocarbon number of carboxylic compounds and the highest activity was shown on the catalysts which was prepared using succinic acid as an additive and calcined at $500^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.900-906
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• 2008

It was studied to utilize wasted food as a starting material to produce for activated carbon. The wasted food was chemically activated with zinc chloride. Experiments were carried out at different chemical ratios(activating agent/wasted foods), activation temperatures, and activation time. The activated products were characterized by measuring the iodine and methylene blue number, the BET surface area, the pore volume, the micropore ratio, the pore diameter, the yields and the scanning electron microscope(SEM). For the products activated by impregnation ratio of 1.0 of ZnCl$_2$ at 500$^{\circ}C$ for 60 min in a rotary kiln reactor had iodine number of 480 mg/g, methylene blue number of 95 mL/g, BET surface area of 410 m$^2$/g, pore volume of 0.248 cm$^3$/g, and average pore diameter of 2.43 nm, respectively. The activated carbon obtained had the contribution of micropore area of 70.7% to the total pore area and micropore volume of 53.2% to the total pore volume.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.458-465
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• 2022

Interest in the use of semiconductor-based photocatalyst materials for the degradation of organic pollutants in a liquid phase has grown, due to their excellent performance and response to the light source. Herein, we fabricated a NiO-SiC-TiO₂ ternary structured photocatalyst which had reduced bandgap energy, with strong activation under UV-light irradiation. The synthesized samples were examined using XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, DRS, EIS techniques and photocurrent measurement. The results confirmed that the two types of metal oxides were well bonded to the SiC fiber surface. The junction of the new photocatalyst exhibited a large number of photoexcited electrons and holes. The holes tended to oxidize the water and form a hydroxyl radical, which promoted the decomposition of methylene blue. The close contact between the 2D SiC fiber and metal oxide semiconductors expanded the scope of absorption wavelength, and enhanced the usability of the ternary photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue. Among three synthesized samples, the NiO-SiC-TiO₂ showed the best photocatalytic effect, and was considered to have excellent photoelectron transfer due to the synergy effect between the metal oxide and SiC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1978.10a
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• pp.206.1-206
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• 1978

발효공업에 있어서 오염에 영향을 주는 미생물의 열살균 속도를 $120~130^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 조사하였다. 살균속도에 대한 온도의 영향은 Arrhenius식으로 다음과 같이 표시되었다. K=3.47$\times$$10^{28}$ EXP(-52.3 Kcal/RT)원형 반응기의 비이상혼합효과를 보기 위하여 난류영역에서 methylene blue 용액을 사용하여 계단압력을 주어 그 과도응답을 측정한 결과 체류시간 분포는 dispersion 모형에 잘 부합되었고 peclet number 100 을 얻었다. 당밀을 열분해시키면 hydroxymethl furfural이 생성되는 것을 확인하였고 온도와 pH에 따라 검토한 결과 고온의 산성용액에서 반응은 촉진되었다.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.40-46
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• 2015

Hydrochar has been generated from food waste via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) reaction. As a solid product of HTC reaction, hydrochar has a great potential as an adsorbent of pollutants from the various media. The surface area and pore volumes are very important parameters to be served as an adsorbent. It requires an expensive equipment and consumes time to measure those parameter. Therefore, titration methods including iodine and methylene blue adsorption were evaluated to be correlated with that of BET analysis. Even though the absolute values of the computed surface area and pore volumes were not able to be matched directly, the patterns of change were successfully correlated. Among the reaction conditions, the reaction time and temperature at $230^{\circ}C$ for 4 h was determined as an optimization condition, which confirmed by titration method and BET analysis. Titration method for surface area and pore volumes computed by combination of iodine and methylene blue adsorbing values would be a simple and fast way of determining the optimization condition for hydrochar as an adsorbent produced by HTC reaction.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2011

The role of the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) of Helicobacter pylori in the oxidative stress was investigated in this study. A fur knockout mutant of H. pylori was constructed by replacing the fur gene with an aphA (kanamycin resistant marker) gene. Photodynamic therapy using methylene blue (MB) and 660 nm light was chosen to induce oxidative stress. The bactericidal effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) was compared between wild type H. pylori and fur knockout mutant H. pylori. The degree of oxidative damage of DNA was confirmed using alkaline gel electrophoresis and an assay of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). In control groups, the number of viable cells was maintained constantly during experiment. After PDT, the mutant H. pylori showed 10,000 times decreased viable cell number compared with wild type H. pylori. Depending on the exposure time of 660 nm light, the 3-fold increase in the concentration of 8-OHdG was observed in mutant H. pylori. The results of this study showed that H. pylori's Fur protein may play a role in oxidative stress induced by PDT.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.1-20
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• 1988

The species of the slug used in the experiment is Limax flavus L. For identifying the chemical characteristics of the epidermis, granules and mucus-producing cell of this animal is examined with methylene blue-basic fuchsin double stain and PAS-alcian blue reagent. For the ultrastructural research of the epidermal free surface, the epitheial cell and the parenchymal cell are used with scanning electron microscope and transmission elec-tron microscope respectively. I . Epidermal tissue The epidermal tissue of the slug is observed being divided into the dorsal and the ventral side(toot pad) respectively. 1) Dorsal epidermal tissue The dorsal epidermis of the slug is constituted with the simple columnar epithelium and the microvilli are compacted on the epidermal free surface. Two different types of the secretory granules of the neutral and the acid mucus are observed between the epithelial cells, and the neutral mucous granules are highest electron-dense but the acid mucous granules are observed to be electron-lucent. 2) Foot epidermal tissue The Foot epidermis is formed with the taller simple columnar epithelium than the dorsal epidermis and these cells have both a large number of the microvilli and a few number of the large villi. The secretory granules of three different types, which are acid, neutral and mixed mucous granule of two different types are observed between the epithelial cells. The neutral mucous granules are highest electron dense but the acid mucous granules are observed to be electron-lucent. II . Mucous granule-producing cell and mucus-producing cells Seven different types of the granules-producing cell and the mucus-producing cells are observed between the parenchyma. 1) A-type of acid mucous granule-producing cell The electron-lucent granules are largely occupied in the cytoplasm of these cells and then the granules are surrounded by irregular membrane. These electron-lucent granules exhibit alcianophilia with PAS-alcian blue reaction, so these granules are certified to be acid mucopolysaccharide. 2) B-type of acid mucus-producing cell The nucleus and the cytoplasm of these cells are pushed by the acid mucus of the electron-lucent toward the cell membrane. This mucus has been confirmed to be the acid mucopolysaccharide with PAS-alcian blue reagent. 3) A-type of neutral mucous granule-producing cell These cells contain the electron-dense round granules with approximately $1{\mu}m$ in diameter, which exhibit strongly PAS-positive reaction. These granules are confirmed to be the neutral mucoplysaccharide. 4) B-type of neutral mucous granule-producing cell These cells contain two different types of electron dense granules and electron-lucent granules; The former exhibits to be strongly PAS-positive and the latter to have alcianophilia reaction respectively. 5) C-type of neutral mucus-producing cell These cells are similar to the shape and the size of the B-type of mucus-producing cell but these two different types of cells are stained with reversing properties to each other. The mucus of the C-type cell that electron-lucent is largely occupied in the cytoplasm that exhibits strongly PAS-positive reaction. 6) D-type of neutral mucous granule-producing cell These cells contain round granules about $1{\mu}m$ in size which are observed to be medium electron-dense granules and those granules are stained brightly red with PAS-weak positive reaction. The granules are certified to be neutral mucopolysaccharide. 7) E-type of neutral mucous granule-producing cell These cells are similar to the shape and the size of the D-type of neutral mucous granule-producing cell. These cells contain a large number of granules with about $1{\mu}m$ in diameter showing electron-lucent and then granules are seen to be PAS-weak positive reaction. III. Parenchyma The clear cell and dark cell are found in the parenchyma of the Limax flavus L. 1) Clear cell These cells are round formed and the nucleus of the cells are larger than cytoplasm. These cells which have the electron-lucent cytosol possess poorly developed organelles. 2) Dark cell These cells are found to be dark cells due to high electron-density, which exhibit strongly methylene-blue reaction from double stain of methylene blue-basic fuchsin.