• 제목/요약/키워드: methyl oleate

검색결과 18건 처리시간 0.018초

유지화합물에 의해 생성된 철판의 기름얼룩 방지 (Prevention of Oil Stain on Steel Induced by Fat and Oil Compounds)

  • 정영진;남종우
    • 공업화학
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    • 제5권3호
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    • pp.419-424
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    • 1994
  • 금속공작유에 의해 발생하는 기름얼룩에 대하여 6종의 유지화합물(rapeseed oil, oleic acid, methyl oleate, oleyl alcohol, lauryl amine, lanolin)에 따른 영향을 조사하였다. 시험방법으로는 MIL-C-22235A의 방법을 사용하였으며 base oil(spindle oil; 1.5wt%의 황함유)에 유지화합물 10wt%와 항산화제 0.5wt%를 첨가시켜 도유용 sample을 만들었다. 시험결과 항산화제 중 B. T가 B. H. T.와 T. C. P보다는 기름얼룩 억제에 효과적이었으며, 산가는 기름얼룩 방지에 나쁜 영향을 미쳤다. 유지화합물의 화학구조에 의해 예견되는 바와 같이 oleic acid는 철이온과 반응이 가능하므로 시편에 심하게 기름얼룩을 발생시켰다.

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Analysis of fatty acid methyl ester in bio-liquid by hollow fiber-liquid phase microextraction

  • Choi, Minseon;Lee, Soyoung;Bae, Sunyoung
    • 분석과학
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.174-181
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    • 2017
  • Bio-liquid is a liquid by-product of the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) reaction, converting wet biomass into solid hydrochar, bio-liquid, and bio-gas. Since bio-liquid contains various compounds, it requires efficient sampling method to extract the target compounds from bio-liquid. In this research, fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in bio-liquid was extracted based on hollow fiber supported liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) and determined by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). The well-known major components of biodiesel, including methyl myristate, palmitate, methyl palmitoleate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, and methyl linoleate had been selected as standard materials for FAME analysis using HF-LPME. Physicochemical properties of bio-liquid was measured that the acidity was 3.30 (${\pm}0.01$) and the moisture content was 100.84 (${\pm}3.02$)%. The optimization of HF-LPME method had been investigated by varying the experimental parameters such as extraction solvent, extraction time, stirring speed, and the length of HF at the fixed concentration of NaCl salt. As a result, optimal conditions of HF-LPME for FAMEs were; n-octanol for extraction solvent, 30 min for extraction time, 1200 rpm for stirring speed, 20 mm for the HF length, and 0.5 w/v% for the concentration of NaCl. Validation of HF-LPME was performed with limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), dynamic range, reproducibility, and recovery. The results obtained from this study indicated that HF-LPME was suitable for the preconcentration method and the quantitative analysis to characterize FAMEs in bio-liquid generated from food waste via HTC reaction.

DEVELOPMENT AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PHASEINVERTED W/O MICROEMULSION CONTANING CYCLOSPORIN A.

  • Ryuu, Sang-A;Kim, Chong-Kook
    • 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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    • pp.285-285
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    • 1996
  • Cyclosporin A (CyA) is widely used in the inhibition of graft rejection in organ transplantation. However, the bioavailability of CyA after oral administration is very low due to its poor solubility and dispersability hi water. To improve the solubility of CyA, microemulsion systems were developed and its physicochemical characteristics were evaluated by phase studies, solubility and dispersability tests. Phase studies on the systems composed of ethyl oleate (EO), PPG-20 methyl glucose ether (GP-20), poloxamer 123 (PL) and water U) were carried out to make stable w/o emulsions. Besides, based on CyA solubility test in various compositions of surfactant systems, a reasonable surfactant composition (GP-20/PL=4/1) was selected to enhance its solubility.

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음주로 인한 소프트콘택트렌즈의 단백질 및 지질 침착양 변화 (The Change in the Amounts of Proteins and Lipids Deposited on Soft Contact Lens Caused by Drinking)

  • 김소라;임신규;배석천;최정현;박상희;박미정
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.233-239
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    • 2012
  • 목적: 본 연구에서는 음주에 의해 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 양의 변화가 있는 지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용하는 50명의 남성을 대상으로 콘택트렌즈 착용 상태에서 음주 시 불편감이 초래되었는지 여부를 설문조사하였다. 또한, 안질환이 없는 32명의 성인에게 etafilcon A 재질의 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용시킨 후 각각 음주(190 mL)시와 비음주시로 나누어 4 시간 후에 렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 양을 측정하였다. 결과: 소프트콘택트렌즈를 착용한 상태에서 음주를 할 경우 응답자의 58%가 착용감의 이상을 경험하였다고 하였으며, 뻑뻑함, 시야 흐림, 건조감 등과 같은 증상들을 경험하였다고 답하였다. 음주에 의해 소프트콘택트렌즈의 단백질 침착양은 평균 $59.3{\mu}g/lens$ 증가하였으며, 2배 이상 증가한 경우도 9안에 달하였다. 그러나 소프트콘택트렌즈에 부착되는 단백질의 종류는 라이소자임(lysozyme)으로 변함이 없었다. 음주에 의한 콜레스테롤 양은 비음주시의 85.5%였으며(p=0.25), 메틸 올레인산의 양은 52.6%에 불과하여(p=0.002) 알코올 섭취로 인해 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 지질양에 변화가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 음주로 인하여 소프트콘택트렌즈에 침착되는 단백질 및 지질 성분의 조성이 달라졌으며 이러한 변화가 소프트콘택트렌즈 착용 시 음주에 따른 불편함의 원인과도 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Exhaust emissions of a diesel engine using ethanol-in-palm oil/diesel microemulsion-based biofuels

  • Charoensaeng, Ampira;Khaodhiar, Sutha;Sabatini, David A.;Arpornpong, Noulkamol
    • Environmental Engineering Research
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.242-249
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    • 2018
  • The use of palm oil and diesel blended with ethanol, known as a microemulsion biofuel, is gaining attention as an attractive renewable fuel for engines that may serve as a replacement for fossil-based fuels. The microemulsion biofuels can be formulated from the mixture of palm oil and diesel as the oil phase; ethanol as the polar phase; methyl oleate as the surfactant; alkanols as the cosurfactants. This study investigates the influence of the three cosurfactants on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions in a direct-injection (DI) diesel engine. The microemulsion biofuels along with neat diesel fuel, palm oil-diesel blends, and biodiesel-diesel blends were tested in a DI diesel engine at two engine loads without engine modification. The formulated microemulsion biofuels increased fuel consumption and gradually reduced the nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$) emissions and exhaust gas temperature; however, there was no significant difference in their carbon monoxide (CO) emissions when compared to those of diesel. Varying the carbon chain length of the cosurfactant demonstrated that the octanol-microemulsion fuel emitted lower CO and $NO_x$ emissions than the butanol- and decanol-microemulsion fuels. Thus, the microemulsion biofuels demonstrated competitive advantages as potential fuels for diesel engines because they reduced exhaust emissions.

생지황(生地黃) 증류 추출 약침액과 초임계 유체 추출물의 성분 연구(硏究) (The Study on the Composition of Rehmanniae Radix Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction and by Hydrodistillation Extraction)

  • 허종원;육태한
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제28권2호
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    • pp.89-95
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    • 2011
  • Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition of Rehmannia glutinosa's essential oils with Rehmanniae Radix herbal acupuncture Methods : I obtained the essential oils of Rehmannia Radix by hydrodistillation extraction method and supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) method, and then I analyzed those by GC/MS(gas chromatography/mass spectrum). Results : 1. With GC(gas chromatography) and GC/MS(gas chromatography/mass spectrum) analysis. I identified 9 compounds in the Rehmanniae Radix's essential oil obtained through the SFE method. The main compounds were as follows : Hexachloroethane(2.24%), N-Butyl-benzenesulfonamide(2.05%), hexadecanoic acid(1.93%), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester(3.49%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid(z,z)(2.70%), (9E)-9-Octadecenoic acid(6.14%), ethyl linoleate(4.43%), ethyl oleate(5.80%). 2. I failed to get Rehmanniae Radix's essential oil obtained through the hydrodistillation method. 3. With GC(gas chromatography) and GC/MS(gas chromatography/mass spectrum) analysis. I identified 4 compounds in the Rehmanniae Radix's essential oil obtained through the hydrodistillation method. The main compounds were as follows : Ethylbis(trimethylsilyl)amine(1.04%), 2-(Trimethylsiloxy)benzoic methyl ester(2.65%), Hexadecanoic acid trimethylsilyl ester(12.61%), octadecanoic acid, trimethylsilyl ester(6.28%). Conclusions : The substances by hydrodistillation method may not perfectly match with the substances by supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) method in essential oils extracted form Rehmanniae Radix. But, the main substances was assumed Hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid.

Purification, Characterization and Immobilization of Lipase from Proteus vulgaris OR34 for Synthesis of Methyl Oleate

  • Misbah, Asmae;Koraichi, Saad Ibnsouda;Jouti, Mohamed Ali Tahri
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제48권4호
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    • pp.491-505
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    • 2020
  • A newly isolated strain, Proteus vulgaris OR34, from olive mill waste was found to secrete an alkaline extracellular lipase at 11 U·ml-1 when cultivated on an optimized liquid medium. This lipase was purified 94.64-fold with a total yield of 9.11% and its maximal specific activity was shown to be 3232.58 and 1777.92 U·mg-1 when evaluated using the pH-stat technique at 55℃ and pH 9 and Tributyrin TC4 or olive oil as the substrate. The molecular mass of the pure OR34 lipase was estimated to be around 31 kDa, as revealed by SDS-PAGE and its substrate specificity was investigated using a variety of triglycerides. This assay revealed that OR34 lipase preferred short and medium chain fatty acids. In addition, this lipase was stable in the presence of high concentrations of bile salt (NaDC) and calcium ions appear not to be necessary for its activity. This lipase was inhibited by THL (Orlistat) which confirmed its identity as a serine enzyme. In addition, the immobilization of OR34 lipase by adsorption onto calcium carbonate increased its stability at higher temperatures and within a larger pH range. The immobilized lipase exhibited a high tolerance to organic solvents and retained 60% of its activity after 10 months of storage at 4℃. Finally, the OR34 lipase was applied in biodiesel synthesis via oleic acid mediated esterification of methanol when using hexane as solvent. The best conversion yield (67%) was obtained at 12 h and 40℃ using the immobilized enzyme and this enzyme could be reused for six cycles with the same efficiency.

한국산 및 중국산 비자 열매의 항산화 활성과 유효성분 비교 (Comparison of antioxidant activities and effective compounds in Korean and Chinese Torreya seeds)

  • 김샛별;김병우;현숙경
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제50권3호
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    • pp.274-279
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    • 2018
  • 한국산 및 중국산 비자의 기능성을 평가하고자 $H_2O$와 MeOH의 추출물을 사용하여 총 페놀성 화합물, 총 플라보노이드 함량, DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성 및 $ONOO^-$ 소거 활성 측정을 통해 항산화 활성 효과를 비교하였으며 GC-MS를 이용하여 유효성분을 동정하였고 그 함량을 분석하였다. 한국산과 중국산 비자의 총페놀성 화합물 함량 비교에서는 한국의 전남산 비자 $H_2O$ 추출물이 제주산, 중국산 비자 $H_2O$ 추출물보다 2배 이상 높게 나와 함량이 가장 높았으며 MeOH 추출물에서는 한국의 전남산 비자가 제주산 비자보다 3배 이상, 중국산 비자보다 8배 높게 나왔다. 총 플라보노이드 함량에서는 한국의 전남산 비자 $H_2O$와 MeOH 추출물 모두 제주산과 중국산 비자 보다 2배 높은 수치를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 중국산 비자보다 한국산 비자의 총 폴리페놀 함량과 플라보노이드 함량이 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. DPPH 라디칼과 $ONOO^-$ 소거 활성 효과에서도 농도가 증가함에 따라 소거 활성이 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고 한국산 비자 $H_2O$와 MeOH 추출물이 아주 좋은 소거 활성을 가지는 것을 알 수 있었으며 특히 $ONOO^-$ 소거 활성에서 한국산 MeOH 추출물 모두 대조구인 $\text\tiny{L}$-penicillamine 보다 좋은 강력한 소거 활성을 가지는 것을 알 수 있었다. GC-MS를 이용하여 유효성분을 동정한 결과, 한국산 비자에서는 총 8종의 화합물이 확인되었으며 중국산 비자에서는 총 5종의 화합물이 확인되었다. 모든 비자의 가장 높은 피크인 methyl linoleate와 methyl oleate의 피크 면적이 한국산과 중국산의 함량과 그 비율이 서로 반대임을 알 수 있었다. 동정된 화합물 중에서 7종의 성분을 정량 분석한 결과에서는 한국산과 중국산 모두 2-monopalmitin 함량이 가장 많이 검출되었다. 1,2-heptanediol과 dimethyl suberate는 중국산 비자에서만 검출되었고 제주산과 전남산 비자에서는 검출되지 않았다. Dimethyl azelate는 중국산 비자에서 한국산 비자 보다 높게 검출되었고 제주산 비자에서는 소량, 전남산 비자에서는 검출되지 않았다. 이러한 연구 결과를 고려할 때 한국산과 중국산 비자의 뚜렷한 항산화 활성과 유효성분 차이를 확인 할 수 있었으며, 비자가 산지별 그리고 용매별에 따라 다양한 항산화 활성을 가지는 것으로 조사되어 천연 항산화제로서의 개발 가능성이 높은 자원으로 판단되며, 소비자들에게 올바른 기능성 식품을 선택할 수 있는 기초자료로 제공될 수 있을 것이다.