• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.4
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• pp.57-61
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• 2003

From the stupa of Sujongsa-Temple, located in Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi-do province, was excavated a celadon jar with lid, a gilt-bronze nine-storied miniature pagoda and a silver-plate hexagonal miniature shrine, etc. Among them, the gilt-bronze miniature pagoda has been known as a gilt-bronze product since most of its surface has copper tint and the base part has bronze corrosion. Its formal title registered on the Cultural Properties Administration also begins with "a gilt-bronze". However, it was supposed to be a gold product in many aspects: the color and status of the surface, degree of the bronze corrosion creation and the metal thread joining the wind bell. So the necessity to prove its material by a scientific analysis was raised. We examined it with nondestructive method. The results were traces of open-working on many parts of the surface, but no traces of gilding. Moreover, as we perform an XRF analysis, the main component were gold and silver(16%) and some impurities such as copper and iron were found. Therefore, it could be inferred that this miniature pagoda is a gold product.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2021

Gwanghwadang-Wonsam was designated as National Folklore Cultural Heritage No. 52 in 1979, it is in good condition. However, a problem is the attached a phoenix insignia badge that did not exist when it was designated recently. As it became known as the only purple Wonsam artifact with "phoenix insignia", raising the need for its conservation. In this regard, scientific analysis was required to correct misinformation about designated cultural assets and restore the original designated state by analyzing the history of the Gwanghwadang-Wonsam, other relics of the phoenix insignia and its making design patterns. An X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to confirm that the Phoenix insignia's metal threads were titanium-plated silver. Phoenix insignia using titanium-plated gold thread was not identified in Gwanghwadang-Wonsam photographs in 1986, and the TiN-type membrane plating method was used in various industries in the 1990s, which can be estimated to be attached in the early and mid-1990s. Especially, the scientific analysis results from the X-ray fluorescence analysis in this study provide key evidence for conservation processing. This study demonstrates the importance of investigating relics and similar artifacts in the conservation process of inherited relics and as a precedent for restoration that corrects misinformation about designated cultural properties.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.78-94
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• 2005

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of various surface treatments by measuring resonance frequency and histomorphometric analyses. Material and methods. In 5 adult dogs, the mandibular premolar were extracted. Six months later, 30 screw titanium implants (Dentium Co., Seoul, Korea) 6mm in length and 3.4mm in diameter, were placed in the mandibles of 5 dogs. Implants were divided into five groups following to surface treatment methods ; Group 1 is machined controls, Group 2 is sandblasted with large grit and acid-etched (SLA), Group 3 is anodized (Autoelectric Co., Korea, 660Hz, Duty10), Group 4 is hydroxyapatite(HA) coated by ion beam assisted deposition(E-beam), Group 5 is hydroxyapatite(HA) coated with Sol-gel coating process. Resonance frequency was measured implant placement immediately, and 3, 6 weeks and 10 weeks of healing perods. With the animal subject's sacrifice 10 weeks after implantation, implants were removed on bloc and histologic and computer-based histomorphometric analyses were performed. Histomorphometric analysis involved quantification of the entire bone to metal contact around the implants. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS for Windows (ver. 9.0 SPSS Inc.) Statistical differences were considered significant at P<0.05. Results. The results were as follows : 1) In five groups, mean value of resonance frequency analysis(RFA) were highest in group 5 (Sol-gel implant) at implantation and those of group 4 (E-beam)was highest at 10 weeks . but there was no correlation between surface treatments and RFA. 2) In all surface treatment groups, the RFA values of implants decreased until 3 weeks and increased to 10 weeks. 3) The percentage of direct bone-to-implant contact (BIC) had statistical significance between five groups in cancellous bone, (P<0.05) the percentage of bone density inside the thread had no statistical significance between five groups. (P>0.05) 4) There was a significant difference between cortical bone and cancellous bone in BIC. (P<0.05) and bone density. (P<0.05) 5) There was a correlation between the RFA value of implants at 10 weeks and BIC in cancellous bone, and between the RFA value of implants at 10 weeks and bone density in cortical bone. (P<0.05). Conclusions. These results indicate that surface treatment does not affect the implant stability in case of good bone quality.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.6
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• pp.803-810
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• 2013

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of shape of the inductive textile electrode on the non-contact heart activity sensing, based on the magnetic-induced conductivity principle. Four types of the inductive textile electrodes were determined according to the combinations of the two shape features. A fiber-metal hybrid-typed conductive thread was developed and applied to materialization of the textile electrodes by embroidery method. The heart activity was extracted through the textile electrode sewn on a T-shirt. The experiments were implemented to constantly measure the heart activity for 20 seconds, in each case of 5 healthy male subjects. The heart activity signals acquired in each type of the inductive textile electrode were analyzed, 1)by drawing a comparison of morphology with those of ECG signal (LeadII), and 2)by calculation of the normalized mean and standard deviation of magnitude of the heart activity signals. The analysis resulted that the relatively better quality of signals were acquired in the 'square' types in the matter of whole shape, while the better results were obtained in 'donut' types in the matter of center hole. Accordingly, the relatively best quality of signals was obtained in the case of 'Square-Donut' type of the inductive textile electrode.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.65-73
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• 2015

The purposes of this study are helping the understanding on the Dae-hwe kind relics, verifying the deformation rate stability during conservation treatment and enhancing the conservation treatment work by investigating the status and analyzing the material of Taejo's portrait mounting decorative knots in the National Palace Museum of Korea collection. The result of material analysis on the decorative knots was that the outer threads are silk threads, inner threads are cotton threads, the width of the metal threads was $500{\sim}600{\mu}m$ and the major component of it was 55wt% copper. The result of verification on the deformation rate during the form correction of the bell tassel was that it has been found as stable by having the deformation rate of 1 TPCM or less. The result of glue selection test to be used on the repairing of tassel cross-section with its thread cut was that wheat starch adhesive has been found most appropriate because it has the highest tensile strength at all concentrations. The conservation and treatment procedure was established based on above results of analysis and test on the relic and the conservation treatment work including packaging has been completed in accordance with the established procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.33
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• pp.117-142
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• 1997

This study is on perfume case that is one of a great number of ornaments which was designed by out ancestors. We had developed the tradition and the history of perfume case bag fan-weight etc. These have the same function as the present perfume. case. There were basket-shaped perfume cases which were the smellest one among the personal girdle ornaments in the silla era. The various patterned perfume case were made of gold metal coral platinum or green jadeite etc. In the single-crop trinkets a embroidered perfume bag with the gold and silver thread whose forms perfectly match their functions appeared during the Yi Dynasty. There was also a perfume bag which was one of the daily necessities. A precious "jul perfume" was carried by noble women. A fan-weight perfume bag was attached to the fan to emphasize the intrinsic beauty of utility and function. It is necessary to know the function of prefume case. As perfume case is weared on the clothes it was given more decorative effects as well as the function of medicinal amulet with a sweet smell. Therefore it is very important for us to study perfume case that has various function as an ornament. So The purpose of this study is to investigate the practical and decorative side of perfume case with the general examines of perfume finding how to practice use through our life. The results were as follows; 1. The first use of perfume is perfume through smoke which is for ceremony of religion It removes human body odor by degrees and spreads a sweet odor. Also the materials for making perfume of early age is aromatic plants which will be used flour-made flowers stems. As the materials for making perfume use is increasing today we can invent alcohol perfume today 2. Our country the custom of perfume-used is wide. Among them men's perfume-used was very special phenomenon. For example men were wearing perfume bag in the Silla era. Because perfume represented wealth and noble in those days. They shew off social position personality through perfume-used. 3. One of early religion ceremony article there was the perfume. And perfume case was means for containing perfume. Gradually the perfume case was used widly as increasing needs of perfume in human life. 4. In the middle period of 'Koryo' Dynasty perfume cases had a close relationship with clothes but after Mongolian has been attacked 'Koryo' there were changes in wearing clothes therefore the position of perfume cases were transfered to coat string that was the origin of decoration style that they began. That is to say the perfume case has been influenced the position of perfume case shapes with changing of fashion. 5. The perfume case has been made manifest various function as an ornament. In the practical side First medical-perfume in perfume case has been played an important role in first-aid medicine in critical condition. Second it was amulet for self protection. That is the shape pattern color materials perfume of the perfume case was represented the amuletive nature. Third it was used as substitute article of perfume. Modern women use liquid-perfume as our ancestors used perfume case bag or jul perfume As started above. Also In the decorative side the perfume case has a beautiful formative arts by itself as well as a close relationship with clothes. That well as a close relationship with clothes. That is when the perfume case is worn on the clothes costume is showed aesthetices. That is the materials shapes color pattern of the perfume case we can see the visual beauty also the materials colors embroidered pattern knots tassel that are used the perfume case are increased the decorative beauty of costume. Sixth the symbol in pattern of the pattern case is shown ancetor's wealth and rank health longevity immortality many-born-boy in those days. Today the perfume case is not used with changing of costume by degrees, Accordingly I hope that the result of this study is an influened in devlopment of the perfume case design with matching the modern fashion.