• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and metabolic determinants of circulating soluble leptin receptor (CSLR) and free leptin index (FLI) in pre-pubertal obese male children. Methods: We conducted a preliminary cross-sectional study at three tertiary hospitals and one public primary school. Eighty obese male children without growth and developmental abnormalities aged 5-9 years were recruited. In these children, obesity was solely caused by excessive food intake, and not by acute illness, medications, endocrine abnormalities, or any syndrome. Body mass index (BMI), body fat mass, carbohydrate intake, fat intake, high density lipoprotein cholesterol level, low density lipoprotein cholesterol level, triglyceride level, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance are the potential determinants for leptin regulation, which is represented by CSLR level and FLI. Results: Carbohydrate was the main source of energy. BMI and body fat mass had negative weak correlation with CSLR and positive weak correlation with FLI. Furthermore, carbohydrate intake was found to be independently associated with CSLR based on the results of the multiple linear regression analysis. Following an increase in carbohydrate intake, CSLR level decreased progressively without any negative peak. Conclusion: Leptin regulation in prepubertal obese male children is associated with body composition and dietary intake. Carbohydrate intake is useful for predicting CSLR. Lipid profiles and insulin resistance are not related to both CSLR and FLI. Treatment and prevention of leptin resistance in obese children should focus on reducing BMI, fat mass, and carbohydrate intake.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.823-833
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• 2012

Now a days, number of non alcoholic fatty liver patients are increasing more rapidly compare to past rate, and the average age of patients is getting younger, but there are no appropriate therapeutics in non alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study was aimed to analyze relationship between non alcoholic fatty liver disease and Injinho-tang. The papers were collected and analysed from domestic and international journals. The effects of Injinho-tang and constituent-herb were researched. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was induced complex causes of the metabolic syndrome. Medications that can be used in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, it should be have many effects such as anti-hepatic fibrosis, hepatocyte protection, liver cancer inhibitory effect, inflammatory cytokine regulation, improving hyperlipidemia, weight control, decrease the toxicity of the drug, antioxidant. Injinho-tang (Artemisia capillaris Thunb, Gardenia fructus, Rhei rhizome) has been widely used in disease that causes jaundice and liver biliary disease. Drugs for standardization of Injinho-tang index components(6,7-Dimethylesculetin, geniposide, rhein) have been presented. And Injinho-tang has been proven reliability in the administration of single dose toxicity. Also clinical stability in the administration of four years was reported. Injinho-tang has been reported some effects which anti-hepatic fibrosis, hepatocyte protection, liver cancer inhibitor, inflammatory cytokine regulation, improving hyperlipidemia, weight control, decrease the toxicity of the drug, and antioxidant. Therefore, Injinho-tang can be used in Non alcoholic fatty liver disease without Syndrome Differentiation.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2011

Acute ischemic stroke results from sudden decrease or loss of blood supply to an area of the brain, resulting in a coinciding loss of neurological function. The antioxidant action of melatonin is an important mechanism among its known effects to protective activity during ischemic/reperfusion injury. The focus of this research, therapeutic efficacy of melatonin on recovery of neurological function following long term treatment in ischemic brain injured rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=40; 8 weeks old) were divided into the control group, and MCAo groups (Vehicle, MT7 : MCAo+ melatonin injection at 7:00, MT19 : MCAo+melatonin injection at 19:00, and MT7,19 : MCAo+melatonin injection at 7:00 and 19:00). Rat body weight and neurological function were measured every week for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, the rats were anesthetized with a mixture of zoletil (40 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) and sacrificed for further analysis. Tissues were then collected for RNA isolation from brain tissue. Also, brain tissues were analyzed by histological procedures. We elucidated that melatonin was not toxic in vital organs. MT7,19 was the most rapidly got back to mild symptom on test of neurological parameter. Also, exogenous melatonin induces both the down-regulation of detrimental genes, such as NOSs and the up-regulation of beneficial gene, including BDNF during long term administration after focal cerebral ischemia. Melatonin treatment reduced the loss of primary motor cortex. Therefore, we suggest that melatonin could be act as prophylactic as well as therapeutic agent for neurorehabilitative intervention.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.353-359
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• 1987

균 성장속도가 tylosin 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여, 여러 성장속도로 배양한 균체내에서 oxaloacetate 대사에 관여하는 효소들의 활성을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 비 tylosin 생합성 속도($q_{p}$ )는 성장속도 $0.013h^{-1}$까지는 성장속도와 함께 증가하지만, 더 높은 성장속도에선 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. Citrate synthase, aspartate aminotransferase와 PEP carboxylase의 활성 및 합성은 $0.013h^{-1}$ 보다 낮은 성장속도에선 매우 낮게 나타났으며, 반면 methylmaionyl-CoA carboxyltransferase의 활성 및 합성은 tylosin 생합성과 마찬가지로 높은 성장속도에선 감소되었다. 따라서 tylosin 생합성은 균 성장속도에 의해 조절됨을 명백히 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.659-666
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• 2021

After Candida albicans, Candida glabrata is one of the most common fungal species associated with candidemia in nosocomial infections. Rapid acquisition of nutrients from the host is important for the survival of pathogens which possess the metabolic flexibility to assimilate different carbon and nitrogen compounds. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, nitrogen assimilation is controlled through a mechanism known as Nitrogen Catabolite Repression (NCR). NCR is coordinated by the action of four GATA factors; two positive regulators, Gat1 and Gln3, and two negative regulators, Gzf3 and Dal80. A mechanism in C. glabrata similar to NCR in S. cerevisiae has not been broadly studied. We previously showed that in C. glabrata, Gln3, and not Gat1, has a major role in nitrogen assimilation as opposed to what has been observed in S. cerevisiae in which both factors regulate NCR-sensitive genes. Here, we expand the knowledge about the role of Gln3 from C. glabrata through the transcriptional analysis of BG14 and gln3Δ strains. Approximately, 53.5% of the detected genes were differentially expressed (DEG). From these DEG, amino acid metabolism and ABC transporters were two of the most enriched KEGG categories in our analysis (Up-DEG and Down-DEG, respectively). Furthermore, a positive role of Gln3 in AAA assimilation was described, as was its role in the transcriptional regulation of ARO8. Finally, an unexpected negative role of Gln3 in the gene regulation of ABC transporters CDR1 and CDR2 and its associated transcriptional regulator PDR1 was found. This observation was confirmed by a decreased susceptibility of the gln3Δ strain to fluconazole.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.46-59
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Aster yomena (Kitam.) Honda (AY) has remarkable bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-cancer activities. On the other hand, the effects of AY against obesity-induced insulin resistance have not been reported. Therefore, this study examined the potential of AY against obesity-associated insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: An obesity model was established by feeding C57BL/6J mice a 60% HFD for 16 weeks. The C57BL6/When ethyl acetate fraction from AY (EFAY) at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day was administered orally to mice fed a HFD for the last 4 weeks. Normal and control groups were administered water orally. The body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured every week. Dietary intake was measured every other day. After dissection, blood and tissues were collected from the mice. RESULTS: The administration of EFAY reduced body and organ weights significantly compared to HFD-fed control mice. The EFAY-administered groups also improved the serum lipid profile by decreasing the triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein compared to the control group. In addition, EFAY ameliorated the insulin resistance-related metabolic dysfunctions, including the fasting blood glucose and serum insulin level, compared to the HFD-fed control mice. The EFAY inhibited lipid synthesis and insulin resistance by down-regulation of hepatic fatty acid synthase and up-regulation of the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. EFAY also reduced lipid peroxidation in the liver, indicating that EFAY protected hepatic injury induced by obesity. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that EFAY improved obesity-associated insulin resistance by regulating the lipid and glucose metabolism, suggesting that AY could be used as a functional food to prevent obesity and insulin resistance.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.94-118
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• 2009

Purpose: Gleditsiae spina (GS) has been used to treat patients with several diseases such as carbuncle, swelling and parasites. Recently GS is known to have anticancer activity in abdominal solid tumor, but the effects of GS on breast cancers is not clarified. For these reasons, we investigated effects of Gleditsiae spina (GS) on gene expression of human breast cancer cells. Methods: We investigated the effects of GS on proliferation of breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231. In addition, the genetic profile for the effect of GS on breast cancer cells was measured using microarray technique, and the functional analysis on these genes was conducted. Results: Total 1,434 genes were up-regulated and 2,483 genes down-regulated in the cells treated with GS. Genes induced or suppressed by GS were all mainly concerned with metabolic process, regulation of biological process and protein binding. The network of total protein interactions was measured using cytoscape program, and some key molecules that can be used for elucidation of therapeutical mechanism of medicine in future were identified. Conclusion: These results suggest possibility of GS as anti-cancer drug for breast cancer, and also suggest that related mechanisms are involved in regulation of intra-cellular metabolism in breast cancer cells.

• 셀메드
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.7
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• 2022

Background & Objectives: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine abnormality in women of reproductive age affecting from 4% - 21% of the reproductive women and is characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of majoon idraare haiz in menstrual regulation and morphological changes in ovaries in poly cystic ovarian syndrome. Methods: A Pilot study was carried out in the department of Ilmul qabalat wa amraze niswan, National institute of unani medicine, hospital, Bengaluru. Fifteen Patients of PCOS aged 18-35 diagnosed using Rotterdam criteria were included in the study. Patients with insulin sensitizing treatment within 3 months, hormonal treatment and those with h/o diabetes mellitus, hypertension, pregnant and lactating women were excluded.Majoon idraare haiz was administered orally at a dose of 10 g with 20 ml arqbed mushk once daily from fifth day of cycle for 21 days for three consecutive cycles. Primary outcome measure was menstrual regularity while changes in USG pelvis(normal ovarian morphology) was considered as secondary outcome measure. In addition, duration of flow and changes in basal metabolic index (BMI), modified Ferriman Gallwey (mFG) score, acanthosis nigricanswere observed. Data were analyzed using, ANOVA, paired student 't' test, fisher exact test. Results: Changes in duration of cycle, duration and amount of flow was achieved in 93.3% patients with p<0.0001 and 46.6% patients showed normal findings on pelvic ultrasonography with p=0.006. In addition, significant changes were also observed in BMI, hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans with p value of 0.0001, p=0.003 and p=0.009 respectively Conclusion: Majoonidraare haiz can be used as an effective alternative in management of PCOS patients. It has significant effect on menstrual regulation and changes in polycystic ovarian morphology to normal.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.287-287
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• 2022

In this study, we analyze RNA-seq data from OxF3Hand WT at several points (Oh, 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h) after WBPH infection. A number of the genes were further validated by RT-qPCR. Results revealed that highest number of DEGs (4,735) between the two genotypes detected after 24 h of infection. Interestingly, many of the DEGs between the WT and OsF3H under control conditions were also found to be differentially expressed in OsF3H in response to WBPH infestation. These results indicate that significant differences in gene expression between the "OxF3H" and "WT" exist as the infection time increases. Many of these DEGs were related to oxidoreductase activity, response to stress, salicylic acid biosynthesis, metabolic process, defense response to pathogen, cellular response to toxic substance, and regulation of hormones level. Moreover, genes involved in salicylic acid (SA) and Ethylene (Et) biosynthesis were upregulated in OxF3H plants while jasmonic acid (JA), Brassinosteroid (Br), and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways were found downregulated in OxF3H plant during WBPH infestation. Interestingly, many DEGs related to pathogenesis such as OsPR1, OsPR1b, NPR1, OsNPR3 and OsNPR5 were found significantly upregulated in OxF3H plants. Additionally, genes related to MAPKs pathway, and about 30 WRKY genes involved in different pathways were found upregulated in OxF3H plants after WBPH infestation. This suggests that overexpression of the OxF3H gene leads to multiple transcriptomic changes and impact plant hormones, pathogenic related and secondary metabolites related genes and enhancing the plant resistance to WBPH infestation.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 파브리병의 마우스 모델과 세포모델을 대상으로 miRNA expression microarray를 적용시켜 질환 모델과 정상 대조군 간의 전체 miRNA의 발현 차이를 조사하였고, 발현량에서 차이를 보인 특정 miRNA를 선별한 후, 해당 miRNA의 표적 유전자의 발현량 변화를 살펴보아 파브리병의 신장병변에 대한 바이오마커 발굴과 발병기전을 알아보고자 하였다. MicroRNA array 결과, 파브리 마우스 신장 조직의 경우, 1,247개의 분석 대상 miRNA 중 5개가 발현이 증가되어 있으며 3개가 발현이 감소되어 있음을 확인하였다. 그 중에서 miR-149-5p의 발현이 파브리 마우스의 신장에서 2배 이상 감소되어 있으며, 특히 35주령 이하의 파브리 마우스에서 이러한 감소현상이 나타남을 확인하였고, 또한 lyso-Gb3를 처리하여 배양한 SV40 MES 13 세포에서도 miR-149-5p의 발현이 감소됨을 알 수 있었다. miR-149-5p의 발현감소는 EMT와 관련된 유전자의 발현을 증가시킴을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 miR-149-5p의 생체지표로서의 가능성과 함께 miR-149-5p의 발현감소가 EMT를 통한 파브리병에서의 사구체 섬유화에 관여할 것이라는 가능성을 제시하고 있다.