• Title/Summary/Keyword: medium consumption

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Performance Evaluation of Electrochromic Window System by Different Orientations and Locations in Korea (Electrochromic 창호 적용시 지역별 건물 냉난방 에너지 소비량 절감성능)

  • Shin, Jae-Yoon;Chae, Young Tae
    • Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.75-84
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    • 2018
  • The most crucial point of reducing building energy is application of high performance envelope. The amount of heat exchange through window is highest in comparison of other envelopes so that heat exchange through window influence directly with building energy consumption. The window energy performance can be define with thermal, leakage and optical performance. In previous study we can confirmed that not only thermal performance but also optical performance are considered, 11% to 15% of building energy consumption can be reduced. Smart window system has potential of energy saving so that many industry field use smart window system including architectural area and these aspect causes smart window market continuous growth year by year. In this study, building energy consumption has been analyzed which consist of smart window that dynamically control optical states. The consideration of standard commercial building model for research, the reference medium size commercial building model of DOE (Department Of Energy, USA) has been used. The building energy simulation result of 4 axis in 8 regions in Korea shows 8% to 22% reduction of building energy consumption by application of smart window system.

Analysis of Energy Consumption & Environmental Load of Electric Heat Pump and Gas Engine Driven Heat Pump (전기구동 히트펌프(EHP)와 가스엔진구동 히트펌프(GHP)의 에너지소비량 및 환경부하 분석)

  • Kim, Sang-Hun;Lim, Sang-Cae;Chung, Kwang-Seop;Kim, Young-Il
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.933-937
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    • 2006
  • Energy is motive power that makes convenient society. But, our country's energy is depending on most import. Also, energy and environmental issue are important problem in community of nations. The purpose of this study is to analysis the energy consumption and environmental load of EHP and GHP in Medium and small-scaled office building. The annual energy consumption used to cooling and heating by EHP was 10 percent more than GHP. And annual energy cost of EHP was 33 percent more expensive than GHP. But, Compared to the annual $CO_2$ emission, EHP was 6 percent less than GHP. Therefore, equipment selection should be consider environmental load as well as energy consumption and cost.

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Socioeconomic Inequality in the Prevalence of Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco use in India

  • Thakur, Jarnail Singh;Prinja, Shankar;Bhatnagar, Nidhi;Rana, Saroj;Sinha, Dhirendra Narain;Singh, Poonam Khetarpal
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.11
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    • pp.6965-6969
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    • 2013
  • Background: Tobacco consumption has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity and mortality. Understanding pattern of socioeconomic equalities in tobacco consumption in India will help in designing targeted public health control measures. Materials and Methods: Nationally representative data from the India Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2009-2010 was analyzed. The survey provided information on 69,030 respondents aged 15 years and above. Data were analyzed according to regions for estimating prevalence of current tobacco consumption (both smoking and smokeless) across wealth quintiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis predicted the impact of socioeconomic determinants on both forms of current tobacco consumption adjusting for other socio-demographic variables. Results: Trends of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption across wealth quintiles were significant in different regions of India. Higher prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption was observed in the medium wealth quintiles. Risk of tobacco consumption among the poorest compared to the richest quintile was 1.6 times higher for smoking and 3.1 times higher for smokeless forms. Declining odds ratios of both forms of tobacco consumption with rising education were visible across regions. Poverty was a strong predictor in north and south Indian region for smoking and in all regions for smokeless tobacco use. Conclusions: Poverty and poor education are strong risk factors for both forms of tobacco consumption in India. Public health policies, therefore, need to be targeted towards the poor and uneducated.

Energy Consumption Analysis of Batch Type Heating Process for Energy Savings in Food Processing Plants (식품가공공장의 에너지 절감을 위한 batch식 가열 공정 에너지 소비 분석 : 사례 연구)

  • Chae-Eun Yeo;Woo-jin Cho;Jae-Hoi Gu;Chae-Young Lim
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.817-823
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    • 2023
  • Manufacturing plants face the challenge of reducing energy use in response to climate change. Reducing energy consumption can be seen as one of the most important issues, such as reducing production costs and improving efficiency. Among manufacturing industries, the increase in energy consumption in the food industry is gradually increasing along with the improvement of the standard of living and the increase in population. In order to save energy in food processing plants, it is important to identify and analyze energy consumption characteristics in energy-consuming processes. Prior to this, it is necessary to monitor and analyze existing energy consumption to derive reduction measures. In this study, a small and medium-sized food processing plant producing processed meat products was used as a case study to identify and analyze the energy consumption structure at typical cycle/stage level of the batch heating process. From this, we tried to establish realistic and quantitative goals that can be obtained under individual process operating conditions. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the development of diffusion and pervasive energy saving FEMS technology for common core processes of food factories of small and medium-sized enterprises in the future.

Design of A High-Speed Current-Mode Analog-to-Digital Converter (고속 전류 구동 Analog-to-digital 변환기의 설계)

  • 조열호;손한웅;백준현;민병무;김수원
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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    • v.31B no.7
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    • pp.42-48
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    • 1994
  • In this paper, a low power and high speed flash Analog-to-Digital Converter using current-mode concept is proposed. Current-mode approach offers a number of advantages over conventional voltage-mode approach, such as lower power consumption small chip area improved accuracy etc. Rescently this concept was applied to algorithmic A/D Converter. But, its conversion speed is limited to medium speed. Consequently this converter is not applicable to the high speed signal processing system. This ADC is fabricated in 1.2um double metal CMOS standard process. This ADC's conversion time is measured to be 7MHz, and power consumption is 2.0mW, and differential nonlinearity is less than 1.14LSB and total harmonic distortion is -50dB. The active area of analog chip is about 350 x 550u$m^2$. The proposed ADC seems suitable for a single chip design of digital signal processing system required high conversion speed, high resolution small chip area and low power consumption.

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방선균의 xylB 변이주에 의한 포도당 이성화효소의 생산

  • 주길재;이인구
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.75-81
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    • 1997
  • Streptomyces chibaensis J-59 did not grow in the culture medium containing only xylose or xylan as a carbon source, because it was defective in xylulokinase production; xylB mutant. S. chibaensis J-59 was able to produce xylanase and $\beta $-xylosidase as well as glucose isomerase. The glucose isomerase in S. chilbaensis J-59 was induced in the medium containing xylan or xylose which could be utilized as an inducer but not sa carbon and energy sources. So we tried to produce glucose isomerase whthout consumption of xylose or xylan as an inducer by using xylB mutant S. chilbaensis J-59. The optimum condition for the production of the glucose isomerase was attained in a culture medium composed of 1% xylan, 0.15% glucose, 1.5% corn steep liquor, 0.1% MaSO$_{4}$ $\CDOT $7H$_{2}$O, and 0.012% CoCL$_{2}$ $\CDOT $ 6H$_{2}$O(pH 7.0). The production of the enzyme reached to a maximum level when the bacteria were cultured for 42 h at 30$\circ $C. The enzyme production in a jar fermentor was increased twice as much as that in a flask culture.

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Prediction and Reduction of Medium Speed Diesel Engine Vibration using Database (중속디젤엔진 진동 DB 를 이용한 진동 예측과 저감)

  • Kim, Won-Hyun;Lee, Tae-Kyoung;Jung, Kun-Hwa;Lee, Kun-Hee;Bae, Jong-Gug
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2007.05a
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    • pp.399-406
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    • 2007
  • Structural vibrations of generator sets with medium speed diesel engine mainly come from the resonance between the excitations of engine and natural modes of system. The countermeasures to reduce the vibration or to avoid the resonance are fairly well known to workers. However these processes which are applied after the completion of system need much time consumption and additional cost. In this paper, the vibration measurement results collected for about 8 years were compiled as Database. Based on the database, the change of vibration was predicted with respect to variation of system such as engine type, generator weight, mount stiffness, and etc. As results of study, this paper presents the anti-vibration design procedures of newly composed generator sets using Database in the initial design stage and their effects.

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A Study on the Policy of Small and Medium Retail business in Advanced Country(I) (선진국 중소소매업 정책에 관한 연구(I))

  • Kim, Yoo-oh;Lee, Min-kweon;Youn, Myoung-kil
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.77-99
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    • 2005
  • In the business environment which enclosed the domestic small and d medium distribution industry, and a business sign of recovery, reduction of income, job insecurity, and a national pension an aging society - positive exhibition of the large-sized store in comparison with the low personal consumption depended uneasy and deregulation, and consumer needs progress of individualization diversification it is ultimately faced with a difficult situation. Therefore the seen research examine the various range of a circulation policy through precedence research. It is going to consider and see the influence which the circulation regulation means of the purpose of large-sized store regulation and a major power is compared, and regulation.

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Previous Satisfaction and Positive Word-of-Mouth Communication as Antecedents to Purchase Intention in Transmedia Storytelling

  • Park, Bong-Won;Ahn, Jae-Hyeon
    • International Journal of Contents
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.90-100
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    • 2010
  • As the reuse of content becomes a strategy for the entertainment industry, managerial insight on customers is needed to be cultivated in order to run a successful business. This study analyzes the impact of previous satisfaction on consumption intention for content in another medium. To do this, two data sets are collected: cases of movie-to-TV series and TV series-to-movie and analyze them using a structural equation modeling approach. The results of our analysis show that satisfied viewers of a movie tend to communicate their positive feelings via word-of-mouth communication and demonstrate repurchase intention of another medium afterward. However, satisfaction does not automatically lead to repurchase intention in another medium. While satisfied viewers of a TV series show a statistically positive repurchase intention for a movie, satisfied viewers of a movie do not show a direct repurchase intention for a TV series. This result demonstrates an asymmetric relationship between satisfaction and repurchase intention across media, and its strategic implications are further discussed.

High Cell Density Culture of Alcaligenes eutrophus and Poly-$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate Production by Optimization of Medium Compositions (배지조성 최적화를 통한 Alcaligenes eutrophus의 고농동 세포배양 및 Poly$\beta$-hydroxybutyrate 생산)

  • 이용우;유영제
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.401-406
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    • 1994
  • The medium compositions of Alcaligenes eutrophus were optimized for increasing PHB productivity. It is very important to optimize the concentrations of inorganic salts and trace eleme- nts as well as carbon and nitrogen sources to maximize cell growth rate and productivity. The fed-batch culture of Alcaligenes eutrophus by dual feeding of ammonia water and glucose under optimized initial medium concentrations was carried out. Glucose was fed manually according to glucose consumption rate and ammonia water by pH-stat. The final cell concentrations and PHB content in 30 hours were 122 g/l and 65% of dry cell weight(yielding 79 g of PHB/l), respectively and 2.64 g/l/hr of PHB production rate was obtained.

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