• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2015

Purpose - This research analyzes overseas expansion support systems for small- and medium-sized enterprises in Germany and Japan. Germany and Japan have developed overseas expansion support policies for such enterprises. The study then explores the implications for Korea and its local governments. Research design, data, and methodology - We did a comparative analysis of Japan and Germany and their support for overseas expansion of small and medium companies. Data were mainly collected from the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the Germany Trade and Invest (Germany) agency through statistics and literature surveys, and analysis studies. Results - First, human resources cultivation and funding support policies, which both Germany and Japan use as part of small- and medium-sized enterprise policies, should be modified to Korean circumstances and to reflect its own small- and medium-sized enterprise support needs. Second, both the German policies that support overseas expansion of small- and medium-sized enterprises and those of Japan's include the philosophy and methods that put an emphasis on these enterprises, despite the fact that there are big differences in the overseas policies in these two countries. Third, German and Japanese governments are embracing the idea that small- and medium-sized enterprises are key to their national economies and implementing policies based on the ratio occupied by these enterprises in the domestic consumption or GDP. In other words, Germany and Japan consider small- and medium-sized enterprises as central to their nation's industry, and assess them as economic industry that should definitely exist for the continued survival of big businesses, and not just as merely supplemental to big business. Fourth, whereas Germany emphasizes support to product exhibition in its overseas expansion support policies, Japan is providing integrated support containing foreign direct investment to small- and medium-sized enterprises. Fifth, there are differences in the overseas expansion support in Germany and Japan in terms of their support to big business. Whereas Germany considers support to big business unnecessary, Japan is implementing active support policies to areas corresponding to big business. Korea will have to benchmark the policies of Germany and Japan, and decide whether or not to give full support to small- and medium-sized enterprises, while excluding areas supporting big business. Conclusions - Based on this analysis of German and Japanese overseas expansion support policies, we need to choose the policies that will engender a solid outcome and derive modified policies for the circumstances of Korea. Additionally, we can use the comparison of the overseas support policies of Japan and Germany to choose small- and medium-sized enterprise overseas expansion support policies for Korea. However, we cannot provide specific overseas support policies by industry. This point will be referenced as a limitation of this study. In future research, we expect that some researchers will take an empirical approach to exploring Korean overseas expansion support through collecting cases of overseas support policies and interviewing policy authorities.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2007

This study is to analyse the feasibility for providing Co-generation plant in Apartment Complex for 4 typical Apartment Complexes located Seoul metropolitan area, The selected complexes are three midium-large size Apartment[nearby 35pyoug of floor area] and one complex of small size Apartment[below 25 pyoung of floor area] for comparison. The necessary data for the study were collected with visitation of each site. The study showed very positive result for the three medium-large size Apartment Complexes of which the average floor area is more than 25 pyoungs, while negative result for the Complex of which average floor area is less than 25 pyoungs. Other than floor size it was found that the electric consumption density also influence the economic feasibility. In study the unit fixed cost of the energy produced from Co-generation plant is one third of the unit variable cost[fuel cost] and it seems better to select high thermal efficiency machine for Co-generation plant even with some higher cost of the plant.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2012

An explanatory survey was conducted to assess preference and consumption pattern of horticultural species, their sources, location-wise planting preferences and diversity of these species in the rural homestead forest of the offshore island of Bangladesh. Assessment was done through multistage random sampling. Based on homestead size respondents were categorized into small (<0.05 ha), medium (0.05-0.25 ha) and large (>0.25 ha) and twenty from each category were selected randomly for the study. The study revealed that most of the farmer (75.5%) preferred to plant fruit tree species for future plantation followed by timber species (62.2%). But fruit-bearing plants were being gradually replaced by some exotic timber species such as Swietenia mahagoni, Acacia auriculiformis, Tectona grandis, Eucalyptus spp., etc. Diversity and abundance of fruit species was found higher in almost all homestead. A total of 41 horticultural species were identified and seven horticultural species among them were recognized as the most preferred ones in the study area. Consumption pattern was chiefly to meet the nutritional demand and to gain a quick monetary benefit. Average annual income from horticultural species was 7,183.33 Taka (US$102).

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.2433-2452
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• 2017

Recently, the pipeline-forwarding has been proposed as a new technique to resolve the end-to-end latency problem of the duty-cycle MAC protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Some protocols based on this technique such as PMAC and PRI-MAC have shown an improvement not only in terms of reducing end-to-end latency but also in terms of reducing power consumption. In these protocols, however, the sensor nodes still waste a significant amount of energy for unnecessary idle listening during contention period of upstream nodes to check the channel activity. This paper proposes a new pipeline-forwarding duty-cycle MAC protocol, named RP-MAC (Reduced Pipelined duty-cycle MAC), which tries to reduce the waste of energy. By taking advantage of ACK mechanism and shortening the handshaking procedure, RP-MAC minimizes the time for checking the channel and therefore reduces the energy consumption due to unnecessary idle listening. When comparing RP-MAC with the existing solution PRI-MAC and RMAC, our QualNet-based simulation results show a significant improvement in term of energy consumption.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

Ground seawater in the east area of the volcanic Jeju Island contains abundant minerals. We investigated the metabolic activity of electrodialyzed, desalted ground seawater (EDSW) from Jeju in both cultured cells and animals. The addition of EDSW to the culture medium (up to 20%, v/v) reduced the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and increased MTT activity in CHO-IR cells. EDSW (10%) promoted insulin-induced glucose consumption in L6 muscle cells as well as the activities of the liver ethanol-metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Moreover, EDSW suppressed palmitate-induced intracellular fat accumulation in human hepatoma $HepG_2$ cells. Activities of AMP-stimulated protein kinase and acetyl CoA carboxylase, enzymes that modulate fat metabolism, were altered by EDSW in $HepG_2$ cells toward the suppression of intracellular lipid accumulation. EDSW also suppressed hepatic fat accumulation induced by a high-fat diet in mice. Taken together, EDSW showed beneficial metabolic effects, including the enhancement of ethanol metabolism and insulin-induced glucose consumption, and the suppression of intrahepatic fat accumulation.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2022

In this study, we applied ENERWATER to evaluate the energy consumption labeling of wastewater treatment plants in Korea using the Korea sewerage statistics data. The results showed that the energy label status was excellent in the SBR process for small and medium-scale wastewater treatment plants and the A2O process for large-scale wastewater treatment plants. The energy labeling of wastewater treatment plants of 50,000 tons capacity was excellent. The statuses of metropolitan cities and Jeollanam-do province were excellent. We analyzed the effects of renewable energy on wastewater treatment plants' energy consumption and found out that digestion gas for large-scale plants and photovoltaic energy for small-scale plants were effective in improving energy labeling. In addition, we compared the energy labels of four wastewater treatment plants in "Z" city and wastewater treatment plant "X" had the best energy label, and the wastewater treatment plants "V" and "Y" had to be selected as priorities for the energy diagnosis and improvement project. In a comprehensive conclusion, the applicability of ENERWATER was confirmed based on sewage statistics data and labeling can be used to set priorities for the energy diagnosis and improvement project.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.293-296
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• 1979

굴(Crassostrea gigas)의 질소배설과 산소소비에 미치는 수온 및 염분의 상호영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 굴은 수온과 염분변화에 따라 질소배설율과 배설암모니아 및 아미노산간의 배설비에 현저한 변동을 보였으며 산소소비량에도 역시 많은 변동을 보였다. 2. 질소배설율과 산소소비율은 염분이 증가함에 따라 특히 고염분일 때 고수온$(29^{\circ}C)$의 경우에 현저히 감소하였으나 저온분에서는 상당히 증가하였다. 이것은 생리적 내성의 고온단계와 저염분에 대한 포상작용에 기인한 결과라고 생가된다. 3. 암모니아를 주로 배설하였으나 상당한 량의 아미노-질소도 배설하였으며, 특히 상염분-온난온도대$(32.5\%_{\circ}-22^{\circ}C$에서는 아미노산의 배설량이 우세하였다. 그리고 어느 실험온도에서나 고염분에서 아미노-질소의 배설량은 감소하였고 저염분에서는 증가하였다. 4. 배설암모니아-질소에 대한 소비산소의 원자비 (O: N비)는 저온$(15^{\circ}C)$에서는 현저히 낮고 상온 및 고온($22^{\circ}$ 및 $29^{\circ}C$)에서는 높았다. 그러나 저온분의 경우 고온에서는 현저히 감소되었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2013

동결농축법은 열역학적 효율이 높고 에너지 소비량이 작으며 처리수를 재활용할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 중소규모로 상용화 가능한 동결농축폐수처리시스템을 설계하고, 각 시스템의 에너지 소비효율과 일일처리량을 비교하여 시스템 개발방향을 제안하고자 하였다. 시스템을 완속운전시스템과 급속운전시스템으로 각각 모델링하고 해석을 통해 소비동력과 운전시간을 계산하여 비교한 다음 설계처리량에 따른 변화를 추가 검토하였다. 연구결과 급속운전시스템의 소비전력량비가 0.6 Wh/kg 만큼 다소 높으나 일일처리량은 19 % 증가하였으며, 설계처리량이 큰 시스템일수록 소비전력량비가 작아지고 일일처리량이 큰 결과를 얻었다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

최근 IT기술의 발전에 따라 2025년 전 세계의 데이터 규모가 현재보다 10배 정도 증가할 것으로 예상한다. 이러한 인터넷 기술의 급속한 발전은 데이터센터 내에서 서버시스템의 고사양화와 저장매체의 대용량화 등을 초래하며, 이는 데이터센터의 전력 소비를 증가시키는 원인이 되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 데이터센터의 서버시스템에 대한 전력 소모패턴을 분석하여 에너지 절전정책을 추천하고 이를 실시간으로 모니터링하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 데이터센터의 개별 서버시스템에 대한 전력 소모패턴을 모니터링하고 분석할 수 있으며, 서버시스템의 실제 동작 시간을 효율적으로 관리하여 데이터센터의 전체 전력소모량 대비 10% 내외 정도가 절감될 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

In this study, we analyzed high-performance building technologies through a case study of 65 high-performance buildings in the U.S., Europe, Asia and Oceania. In detail, we reviewed the international trend of building energy-saving technology and energy consumption per unit area by analyzing buildings constructed within a 10 year period(2008-018). The primary energy consumption was $48-440kWh/m^2$, and the average value was calculated as $169.3kWh/m^2$. Although some buildings received high certification ratings, they did not meet either Korean or international energy evaluation standards. The system analysis revealed that many energy-saving technologies show various application rates in different countries because the technologies possess different properties. Furthermore, small-area building groups tended to have less primary energy consumption than the medium and large-area buildings, but the area-energy relationship $R^2$ value was analyzed as 0.3161, indicating no clear proportional relationship. Therefore, we propose that it is necessary to maximize the energy savings of buildings by taking into consideration a region's code, climate, building usage, area and space-using patterns to reduce energy and greenhouse gas emissions.