• Journal of architectural history
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.69-83
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to clarify the early state of modern architecture, specifically mission architecture, with the introduction of the Christianity, and for the goal it deals with the architectural activities of pioneer missionaries. Especially it is a piece in a series of those researches after on Graham Lee, and it is focused on the other representative missionary, R. M. Wilson, A. M. Sharrocks, and C. A. Clark. Although coming in the capacity of a medical doctor or an educator, they should play all kinds of roles, such as carpenters, educators, and officers. For this mission, even they didn't have a professional knowledge for construction, they should carried on to establish mission compounds, only with their experience and informations. In this process they needed to be assisted by Korean carpenters, surely. The architectures born by them-selves are designed with a unique eclectic style compounded with those of Korean traditional and occidental. That is to say, the pioneer missionaries made a profound influence to create a new tradition of modern architecture in Korea, which is called as Korean-occidental eclectic style in the period of transition. Moreover, some pioneer missionary, such as Sharrocks, took a part in education of architectural skills. The educated carpenters seemed to be called from outside, and the unique styles could get spread away. On this point this paper has the meaning to clarify historically the continuous development of the Korean architecture through the survey on their activities, on the contrary of the existed recognition that Korean modern architecture has been evaluated to be imported from outside; therefore having a crevice with the its own architectural tradition.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.123-132
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• 2010

In this paper, on the assumption that the dispute about the identity of Oriental Medicine(OM) will finally act as an developmental element of Oriental Medicine otherwise total Korean Medicine, at first we think about what are he meaning of identity and it's essential elements, and search how to establish the standard of the identity of Oriental Medicine. From this working, the direction of the research in the Oriental Medical Classics that is one of the detail field in OM will be drawn out. The identity of Oriental Medicine must be decided according to what is the mission or existence value contributing for Korean Society, not to the form of materiality or immateriality. The core of the identity of Oriental Medical Classics is relevant to being a help to other research fields through reinterpreting the Classics. And the most important issue of research are the analysis of thinking pattern In OM, and systematization of OM knowledge and information.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2013

An institutional review board (IRB) should independently safeguard the right, safety, and well-being of all clinical trial subjects. It should consist of members who are qualified and experienced to review and evaluate the science, medical aspects, and ethics of the proposed trial. They have to pursue continuing efforts to improve the standards of review. The levels of review include the full board review, expedited review, continuing review, or exempt from review, while the levels of decision-making include approval, conditional approval, deferred approval, and disapproval. Investigators must follow the approved protocols and regulations honestly, and it is the IRB's mission to audit clinical trial sites as well.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.71-85
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• 2021

The history of the Bakken Museum, the Museum of Electricity in Life, is useful to understand the universality and particularity of a local science museum. Beginning with the small collections at the medical device company, the Bakken Museum has expanded its scope and facilities by reidentifying its mission from research institute to educational center. The educational turn of the Bakken Museum has been completed with two remarkable events: the launch of the Summer Institute in 1984 and the construction of the new education facility, New Wing, in 1999. During this change, the museum staff developed unique strategies for public engagement, using the history of science and technology as an educational tool. The shift of the Bakken Museum's mission provides an excellent example of how a local museum could meet the social needs for museums to be educational centers by utilizing its history and collections.

• Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.113-129
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• 2020

With the operation of the KC-330 MRTT (Multi Role Tanker Transport), which had been fielded in 2019, the ROKAF (Republic of Korea Air Force) has given fighter pilots a new mission of air refueling. As a result, fighter pilots are more likely to be exposed to risks they have never faced before, and it is necessary to look at the risk factors associated with human factors in air refueling missions. Therefore, in this study, an analysis using the HFACS (Human Factors Analysis and Classification System) model was performed for fighter pilots with air refueling qualifications. This study tried to prevent hazard in advance by discriminating the risk factors according to the human factors related to the fighter pilot during the air refueling mission.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-16
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• 2023

Unlike in the past, standards for the quantity and quality of work expected from medical school faculty are continuously rising, causing changes and stress in various areas. This highlights the need for career development among medical school faculty for professional, personal, organizational, and societal reasons. The role of medical school faculty has become more diverse, leading to an increase in the types and levels of competencies required. Medical schools must support their faculty members with diverse identities in fully utilizing their capabilities to achieve the institution's mission. Furthermore, societal changes suggest that career development for medical school faculty will become even more crucial in the future. To achieve this, both individuals and organizations must make efforts and play appropriate roles. For this purpose, medical schools use a combination of promotion and tenure evaluations and faculty development programs, while individual faculty members follow a career path within the medical school environment. Medical school faculty must be able to meet the evolving demands at each stage of their careers. It is important for professors, who engage in career development, to have a clear sense of their identity and values, and to prioritize their career goals. Medical schools should also ensure that the implicit messages they convey align with the organization's explicit values. Finally, proactively preparing for future changes in society and generations is essential from a long-term perspective.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1318-1324
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• 2010

Recently, U-Healthcare is receiving attentions as a research for reducing the manpower, time in treatment, and etc. Although fundamental technologies, such as sensing, measuring, and etc. are sufficiently investigated. However, Technologies of IT/Medical convergence, which graft IT technologies to medical area, are still in germ. For this, we present a novel healthcare system, which can be applied to the middle sized medical environment, such as private hospital, home, or etc., by means of pre-verified technologies and the expert system. There exist IT element technologies are sufficiently developed in the fields, such as network, database or etc. due to the remarkable developments in IT technologies, and the healthcare is a mission-critical environment. Therefore, it is important not only to investigate novel approaches but also to utilize verified technologies for the U-Healthcare solution. Presented solution provisions automated medical services based on expert system by utilizing the measured data, such as body fat, blood pressure, blood glucose, and etc., in order to provide convenient treatment environment to doctors and nurses. In addition, since people, who do not have medical knowledge, can self-diagnose themselves, it is expected to cut medical costs in various areas. Especially, since each devices communicate with each other through standardized Bluetooth technology, Presented healthcare system is an extensible solution which can easily accept various medical devices. As a result of this, we can safely say that the self measurement and diagnosis services in U-Healthcare are now enhanced by reducing medical cost through our healthcare system.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.215-234
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• 2007

The mission of the doctors is to take care of human life, body and health through the medical behaviors such as diagnosis and treatment. Under this job propensity, the doctors have care duty to take the best actions required to prevent the risk according to the patients' specific disease status. Such care duty of the doctor may be evaluated based on the medical behavior level at the medical institution and clinical medical study field. Such medical level should be understood in the normative level, considering the treatment environment, condition and specialty of the behavior, because it means the medical common sense known and acknowledged to the normal doctors. While the criminal suit requires the evidence for no doubt conviction, the civil suit requires more eased different standard. The results between the criminal and civil sentence may be different, because the confirmed former case may lead to long-term imprisonment and even death penalty, while the latter case puts only monetary penalty on the defeated party.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.1058-1076
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• 2013

The WBAN(Wireless Body Area Network) supplies mobile convenience to our medical services. But if we have few effective control variables across this service deployment, the hidden distortions or defects of the system might threaten the lives and rights of the stakeholders. Therefore we need to increase the service credibility, to get WBAN effective. This study proposes a governance mechanism using feasible variables that are currently in use in practices in WBAN environments against medical incidents. Control variables were tested in Seoul National University hospital and related medical industries of South Korea. We assume that WBAN systems would be open based on integrating patients, medical employees and law enforcements to get smart theater operations against medical incidents by implementing proposed MJA(Multilateral Joint Analysis) model. MJA model also contributes to the convergence of computer systems and medical services by demonstrating flexible SOA(Service Oriented Architecture) dashboard of healthcare services with credibility factors in medicine. The important components in MJA model across WBAN, were found to be "Safety, Accuracy and Reliability" in priority order. Factor analysis, correlations and ANOVA were used to evaluate this model and an IT dashboard with a realization of mobile application, was used to support participants' decision-making.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.319-328
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• 2016

Objectives: Advancements in nanotechnology have led to nanoparticle (NP) use in various fields of medicine. Although the potential of NPs is promising, the lack of documented evidence on the toxicological effects of NPs is concerning. A few studies have documented that homeopathy uses NPs. Unfortunately, very few sound scientific studies have explored the toxic effects of homeopathic drugs. Citing this lack of high-quality scientific evidence, regulatory agencies have been reluctant to endorse homeopathic treatment as an alternative or adjunct treatment. This study aimed to enhance our insight into the impact of commercially-available homeopathic drugs, to study the presence of NPs in those drugs and any deleterious effects they might have, and to determine the distribution pattern of NPs in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). Methods: Homeopathic dilutions were studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction (SAED). For the toxicity assessment on Zebrafish, embryos were exposed to a test solution from 4 - 6 hours post-fertilization, and embryos/larvae were assessed up to 5 days post-fertilization (dpf ) for viability and morphology. Toxicity was recorded in terms of mortality, hatching delay, phenotypic defects and metal accumulation. Around 5 dpf was found to be the optimum developmental stage for evaluation. Results: The present study aimed to conclusively prove the presence of NPs in all high dilutions of homeopathic drugs. Embryonic zebrafish were exposed to three homeopathic drugs with two potencies (30CH, 200CH) during early embryogenesis. The resulting morphological and cellular responses were observed. Exposure to these potencies produced no visibly significant malformations, pericardial edema, and mortality and no necrotic and apoptotic cellular death. Conclusion: Our findings clearly demonstrate that no toxic effects were observed for these three homeopathic drugs at the potencies and exposure times used in this study. The embryonic zebrafish model is recommended as a well-established method for rapidly assessing the toxicity of homeopathic drugs.