• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2009

Purpose: This exploratory study was undertaken to analyze the information needs of family members of terminal cancer patients, collected through the telephone counselling service by National Cancer Information Center. Methods: The study included 113 family members of terminal cancer patients who had enrolled at the National Cancer Information Center for the period from June, 2007 through March, 2008 and had agreed to the survey. Results: The subjects (n=113) consisted of grown-up children (n=82) and spouses (n=8) of patients'. Those in their 40's (n=40) and 30's (n=36) accounted for the majority of the sample. The questions raised most were about the information on treatment methods (n=117), management of terminal cancer patients (n=46), terminal cancer patients' life (n=27), deathbed and prediction of remaining life (n=18), hospitalization (n=16), and financial support (n=15). Most of the subjects were satisfied with the telephone counseling services, and 69% of the subjects had come to know about the telephone counseling service via Internet, and 10.6% of them stated that the PR for the service was poor. Conclusion: It is deemed essential for the government to use the mass media for PR of the hospice services, since family members of terminal cancer patients' are less aware of the hospice conducive to enhancement of patients' remaining quality of life, being involued too deeply in their treatment.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.145-148
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• 2010

Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients among 17 essential nutrients for maintaining turfgrass color and quality. The slow release fertilizers were initially developed to provide a more consistent release of nitrogen over a longer period and are often used to decrease leaching potential from sandy soils. The goal of this study is to determine if various slow release N sources affect the rate at which turfgrass establishes. Six nitrogen sources were evaluated; Nitroform (38-0-0), Nutralene (40-0-0), Organiform (30-0-0), Sulfur coated urea (SCU, 37-0-0), urea (46-0- 0), and Milorganite (6-0-0). The root zone media was seeded and sodded with 'Limousine' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Sodded pots produced 182 to 518 g more clipping dry weight than seeded pots. Among seeded pots, Milorganite produced greater amount of root dry weight than any other N sources. Because the period of turfgrass growth is different between sodded and seeded plots, there were differences on clipping yield and root growth. Overall, high N rate had turf color greater than acceptable color of 6 among seeded pots throughout the study. However, low N rate didn't produce acceptable turf color throughout the study. Based on the result of this tudy, ilorganite would be ecommended for new establishment of Kentucky bluegrass an urea with less clipping yield which can lead to reduce abor.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.439-452
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• 2014

This paper suggests the method to extend service area by using the transmit offset delay in T-DMB single frequency network (SFN). In general, synchronization of the transmit time of all site can be done by using the reference clock of GPS, which dose not reflect the details geographical characteristics and transmit specifications of each site. Applying the site-specific transmit offset delay, we could extend the service area of SFN T-DMB. Applying the transmit offset delay, it is found that the signal quality in the region of weak receive field strength was improved and upto 4~8 km service area expansion was achieved by satisfying the minimum field strength ($45dB{\mu}V/m$) recommended by the Korea Communications Commission (KCC). Site-specific offset delay was calculated considering the geographic service area characteristics, distribution of electric field strength between neighboring sites and site-specific service target area. Experiments were carried out in order to analyze impact of calculated offset delay on the T-DMB SFN and also to confirm that the offset delay extends T-DMB service coverage. The experiment was done in metropolitan T-DMB service areas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.955-961
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• 2020

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have caused many microbiological incidents in the brewing industry, resulting in severe economic loss. Meanwhile, traditional culturing method for detecting LAB are time-consuming for brewers. The present review introduces LAB as spoilage microbes in daily life, with focus on LAB in the brewing industry, targeting at the spoilage mechanism of LAB in brewing industry including the special metabolisms, the exist of the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state and the hop resistance. At the same time, this review compares the traditional and novel rapid detection methods for these microorganisms which may provide innovative control and detection strategies for preventing alcoholic beverage spoilage, such as improvement of microbiological quality control using advanced culture media or different isothermal amplification methods.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.53-62
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• 2008

In the present study, the concentration levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (or PCBs) in the environments in Korea are estimated based on some measured data in Korea, in comparison with the data from the other countries. Even though PCBs were banned as electrical fluids in 1970s in Korea, PCBs are still detected in the environment. PCBs levels in Korea are greatly lower than those in other countries, which are gradually decreased as well. However, the measured data are not sufficient in both numbers and quality, to estimate the average PCBs levels in Korea. The regulation limit on polychlorinated biphenyls (or PCBs) is 2mg/kg (ppm), which is too low compared to 50 ppm of many other countries including U.S. With this strict regulation, there are many problems expected, for example, in the analysis of PCBs in the transformers using in the field as well as the safe treatment of PCBs. The risk assessment on the PCBs in the environment is surely necessary prior to the change in the limit. Also the PCBs concentration monitoring in the environmental media (i.e. air, water, soil and sediment) and exposure assessment will be essential for the accurate risk assessment. If the PCB-waste guideline maintain as 2 ppm after 10 years, the excess cancer risk of PCBs exposure by ambient air, drinking water and soil was $10^{-8}$. But if the guideline mitigate as 50 ppm after 10 years, the cancer risk was increased by $10^{-7}$. The ecological risk quotient by regulation change was not exceed '1'.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.73-84
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• 2017

Purpose - Over recent years, O2O and shared economy have been an eye-catching topic. Many researches on O2O and shared economy have been published gradually. The emerging enterprise of chauffeured car services developed rapidly in the past two years. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the influencing factors of use intention of the chauffeured car services users. Through active use of O2O and shared economy, put up with operation strategy in line with their use intention. Research design, data, and methodology - After collecting 324 respondents in China with questionnaires, this study begin the empirical research with users of Chauffeured Car Services, and analyzes data with IBM SPSS 24.0 and IBM AMOS 24.0. Results - Personal Propensity to Trust significantly affects the Initial Trust of chauffeured car services users. Firm Reputation significantly affects the Initial Trust and use intention of chauffeured car services users. Initial Trust significantly affects the use intention of chauffeured car services users. Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy significantly affect chauffeured car services users' use intention. Social Influence also significantly affects the use intention of chauffeured car services users. Conclusions - First, Initial Trust significantly affects the use intention of chauffeured car services users. Thus, the enterprise should make efforts to improve users' initial trust in order to attract their attention. For this reason, chauffeured car services enterprises should conduct questionnaires to deeply explore what needs can improve users' initial trust. Second, performance expectancy and effort expectancy significantly affect chauffeured car services users' use intention. When users enjoy chauffeured car services, they attach great importance to the convenience, simplicity and efficiency, which reflects that chauffeured car services' desire for greater development in the O2O and shared economy market. Therefore, they need to grasp users' needs (convenience, simplicity and efficiency) and carefully improve the quality of chauffeured car services. Finally, social influence also significantly affects the use intention of chauffeured car services users. It means friend recommendation or mass media influences users' intention. So, it is more important to increase differentiated benefits, advertising and publicity of chauffeured car services.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.161-181
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• 2019

People begin to recognize sexual orientation or gender identity in adolescence, and adolescents frequently use an accessible and anonymous anonymity knowledge retrieval community to explore sensitive health information about gender. This study attempted to observe their information search behavior based on questions and answers about adolescents' gender identity in the knowledge retrieval community. First, we wanted to examine their information needs and to investigate what factors they preferred to answer by comparing the characteristics of the answers adopted with the non-adopted answers among the answers provided in the questions they shared. To this end, Naver, Korea's representative knowledge search community. In Knowledge-iN, a total of 358 sets of data were analyzed, consisting of responses adopted over three years from January 2016 to December 2018. As a result, adolescents with concerns about gender identity demanded information about definition or confusion about gender identity. In the responses adopted by the users, the factors that gave empathy and positive feelings were higher than those that were not adopted, whereas the negative responses were higher in the unaccepted answers. This study is meaningful in that it analyzes the information needs and information search behaviors of adolescents with no established gender identity, expands the discussion in the information search field, and confirms cognitive and emotional models for information evaluation of health information users. Also, based on the research results, we propose practical implications for effective information services on gender identity that social media should provide to young people.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.631-643
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• 2018

This study is the first ever attempted series paper of one particular TV drama writer, Su-Hyeon Kim, with diversified and systematic scale. Along with the just before study, proving Su-Hyeon Kim's line's conceptual properties as the Bahktin's dialogism, its core of polyphony, this study is to analyze the concrete method of creation through Bahktin's Canivalistic creation component of 'Grotesque Realism' and 'Unofficial Square Language'. With her work of (SBS, 1992), this study verifies its characteristic creation of lines to be the 'Grotesque Realism' components of overturn, destruction, and creation along with 'Unofficial Square Language' components of the masses, material, physical language, and discourse of self-liberation. In this way, this study is on one hand, to overcome the application problem of Bahktin's theory as a separated one, but also to enhance the quality of the study of the writer and the lines. As a result, she has acquired her own distinction of ambivalence by the way of demotion, overturn with masses' material, physical, unofficial square language along with a stronger execution of acquiring self denial, positivity. liberation, and life. Therefore the writer is highly rated for her fierce cognition of language and her artistic spirit. Also, this paper proposes the following study to appraise the impact of the writer's differentiation and artistic spirit on the creation of Korean TV drama, contents industry, and mass media.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.295-304
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• 1996

Toprovide economical BISDN service, with which integration process of many types of media is possible, it is necessary to construct a system with ground network and satellite network combined. The method for this type of transmission using satellite is TDMA that can provide services to many users in various area. However, the most difficult task to connect TDMA which uses synchronous method to ATM which used asynchronous transfer mode is the deterioration n of ATM transmission quality such as cell delay variation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop delay variation compensation method which can confront to the ATM. Efficient ways to use satellite links under the conditions such that maximum efficiency of the delay variation is limited under the required value, and the burst characteristic of transmission cell does not increase are being researched for translation between in ATM and TDMA. This paper points out the problems when time stamp method, reviewd in ground network, is applied to the satellite links to compensate the delay variation .To solve the problem, discrete cell count method is introduced along with the calculation of transmission capacity and error rate.Also, from the observation of stab-ility of the system and verification of reliability even when singal error occurred in the cell transmission timing information, the proposed compensation method appeared to be excellent.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.82
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• pp.29-72
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• 2017

This study explores the ways that newspapers report the administrations' policies of 'university reform' from February 2008 to December 2015 through critical discourse analysis. As results, Donga-ilbo and Chosun-ilbo produce the discourse that the crisis of universities is so real and dangerous that it brings about the crisis of our nation, and that the current university systems should be changed into neoliberal systems because it is the critical reason of the crisis. Using various discursive strategies, they construct their reports as objective, real and embodying general goods and then successfully build the neoliberal discourse on university reform as commonsensical and natural. They finally acquire the discursive hegemony for university reform. Kyunghyang-shinmun and Hankyoreh-shinmun produce the anti-discourse against that of Donga-ilbo and Chosun-ilbo. However, they can not develop substantial hegemony struggles for the discourse of university reform because of the limitations of their discourse in terms of quantity and quality and the social and press structures overwhelmingly inclined for neo-liberalism.