• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 추계국제학술대회
• /
• pp.49-53
• /
• 2003

Through the five years analysis of monitoring data on pesticide residues from 1998 to 2002, current status on pesticide residues on commercial agricultural products in Seoul area was evaluated. The rate of over maximum residue limits(MRLs) has been decreased into 5.8% in 1998, 2.5% in 1999, 1.6% in 2000, 1.4% in 2001, and 1.5% in 2002 gradually, where as total sample numbers analyzed increased 1,300 in 1998, 4,200 in 1999, 5740 in 2000, 6,160 in 2001, and 5,440 in 2002 annually, The pesticide which frequently detected in samples were endosulfan, procymidone, chlorotalonil, vinclozolin, and chlorpyriphos and pesticide found over MRLs were procymidone, vinclozolin, endosulfan and etc.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.492-497
• /
• 2005

잔류농약과 관련된 포장시험 및 기준설정에는 데이터의 변이성이 뒤따르기 때문에 여러가지 허수(default value)를 채택하고 있다. 잔류농약 분석상의 오차는 $RSD\;{\pm}30-40%$에 이르고 있어 잔류허용기준(MRL)은 이것을 감안하여 geometric progression에 따르고 있다. 과거 5년간(1998-2002)의 JMPR 보고서에 의하면 포장시험에서의 변이계수(중앙치에 대한 최고치 비율)은 LOQ 이상에서의 486개 농약-작물 조합에서 평균 3.8배에 이르고 있고 기준설정시의 절상효과는 최고치의 1.5배로 나타났다. 한편 국내에서 기준설정시의 규제마진(최고잔류치에 대한 최대잔류기준의 비율)은 822개 농약-작물 조합에서 평균 4.8배로 나타났다. 이와 같은 규제마진을 적용하는 경우 국내의 잔류기준은 Codex보다 높게 설정될 것으로 예상된다. 앞으로 농약잔류 허용기준의 설정에서 Codex기준과 국내기준의 조화를 이루기 위한 검증작업이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.51-59
• /
• 2005

우리나라의 식품중 농약잔류허용기준 설정은 GAP에 의한 과학적인 자료, 농약 1일 섭취허용량(ADI), 식품섭취량, 평균체중 등을 기본으로 하여 설정된다. 농약잔류허용기준은 일반적으로 이론적인 농약섭취량(TMDI)은 ADI보다 낮게 설정된다. 연구결과를 보면, 104개 기준이 24개 농약에 대하여 새롭게 설정되며, 102개 기준이 이미 기준이 설정된 63개 농약에 추가 설정된다. 신규 농약중에 ethaboxam과 flupyra-zofos 농약의 유효성분은 우리나라에서 처음으로 개발되었다. 디치오카바메이트계 농약의 잔류허용기준은 디메칠디치오카바메이트(Dimethyldithiocarbamates), 에칠렌비스디치오카바메이트[Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate)s] 및 프로피네브(Propineb) 3개 그룹으로 분류하여 신설하였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2005

This study was undertaken to find out necessary measures to improve the tolerance setting system of pesticide residues on food crops in Korea which is scientifically reasonable and harmonizable with international standards. Information on tolerance setting systems of pesticide residues by Codex Alimentarius Commission, Joint FAO/WHO Meeting of Experts on Pesticide Residues, USA, EU, Japan and Taiwan was collected and analyzed. On the basis of information in the above countries, necessary actions to be taken by the Korean regulatory authorities were recommended with respect to priority setting, maximum residue limits (MRLs) setting based on field residue data, group MRLs, minor crop problems, quantitation limit and dietary intake assessment.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.113-121
• /
• 2005

국가차원에서 식품안전 프로그램은 소비자보호와 식인성질환의 예방을 기본요소로 하고 있으며 정부, 식품산업, 소비자가 책임질 일이다. 여기에서는 WHO에서 제안하고 있는 식품안전 프로그램의 원칙을 소개한 다음 식품생산에 사용되는 의도적 첨가물의 잔류기준 설정에서 GAP의 중요성, 국제기구와 국내에서 잔류농약의 기준설정에 활용되고 있는 절차와 차이점을 지적하였다. 결론적으로 잔류농약에 대한 국내기준을 Codex 기준과 조화시키는데 필요한 사항들을 건의하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.136-142
• /
• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the current status of suspected endocrine disrupting pesticides among the agricultural products in northern area of Seoul in 2007. 3,026 samples was analyzed by multiresidue method. Detected Pesticide in 11 cases were procymidone, endosulfan, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, cyermethrin, fenvalerate, hexaconazole, carbendazim, pendimethalin, permethrin, parathion and exceeded 7 cases of endosulfan, procymidone, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, fenvalerate in the maximum residue limits(MRLs). Procymidone, endosulfan, chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos comprised up to 80.5% in detected pesticides. Among the 321 cases of detected agricultural products, 287 cases(89.4%) were vegetables, 25 cases (7.8%) were fruits, Others were 9 cases(2.8%).

• Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2018

A study of the tissue depletion of florfenicol (FFC) administered orally to pigs at a dose of 0.05 kg/ton feed for 7 days was performed. Sixteen healthy cross swine were administered with FFC. Four treated animals were arbitrarily selected to be sacrificed 1, 3 and 5 days after the end of treatment. FFC residue concentrations in muscle, liver, kidney, and fat were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet photometric detector at 230 nm. The correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of the calibration curve for florfenicol amine (FFCa) was > 0.997 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.012 and $0.040{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Recovery rates in swine edible tissues ranged from 79.1 to 93.5%. In the FFC-treated group, FFC residues at 3 days post-treatment were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in muscle, kidney and fat, and those at 5 days post-administration were below the MRLs in all edible tissues. These results suggest that the withdrawal period of FFC after the drug treatment might be 5 days, which is a sufficient amount of time for reduction of the FFC residues below the MRLs in all edible tissues.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.166-172
• /
• 2011

본 연구를 통해 신규농약인 isotianil의 쌀에 대한 잔류허용기준과, 기준이 확대되는 21종 농약에 대해 26개의 농약잔류허용기준을 제시하였다. Iisotianil의 쌀에 대한 MRL은 0.1 mg/kg으로 설정하였고, ADI대비 TMDI의 비율 1.54%로 안전한 수준으로 판단된다. 기준이 확대되는 21종의 농약의 경우 dinotefuran, idoxacarb, trifumizole을 제외한 나머지 농약은 ADI대비 TMDI의 비율이 50% 미만으로 안전성에 문제가 없는 수준으로 판단된다. Trifumizole은 재평가를 통해 미등록된 작물의 기준을 폐지하면, 현재의 ADI대비 TMDI 비율 절반 수준인 30% 미만으로 감소될 것으로 예측된다.

• 농약과학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 2006년 3월부터 2008년 12월까지 부산지역 농산물도매시장으로 유입되는 경매 전 농산물 7,237건에 대해 다종농약다성분법으로 잔류농약검사를 실시하였다. 이 중 1,164건 (16.1%)에서 농약이 검출되었으며, 231건 (3.2%)은 잔류허용기준을 초과하였다. 기준초과된 농산물은 대부분 해당 농산물에 대한 잔류허용기준이 정해져 있지 않아서 잠정기준을 적용받는 경우로서 기준초과된 231건 중 181건으로 78.4%가 이에 해당한다. 농약성분별로 endosulfan, procymidone, chlorothalonil, ethoprophos, chlorpyrifos, diethofencarb, kresoxim-methyl, EPN 순으로 잔류허용기준이 초과되었다. 잔류농약이 검출된 1,164건의 농산물 중 211건에서 두 종류 이상 농약이 검출되었고 이 중 37.9%에 해당되는 80건이 기준초과되었다. 본 연구에서 농약 잔류허용기준을 초과하는 요인은 해당 농산물에 대한 미적용 농약의 사용, 두 종류 이상의 농약사용으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.201-215
• /
• 1999

Limited information is available on the acceptability of Korean MRLs(maximum residue limits) and the health risk based on the pesticide exposure by food intake. The aim of this study was to evaluate TMDI(theoretical maximum daily intake) and EDI(estimated daily intake) for Korean by using MRLs, food intake, residue data, and correction factors, and compare with ADI(acceptable daily intake) in order to estimate the health risk based on the pesticide exposure. The study was performed in three steps. In the frist step, the residual pesticides in each category of food were investigated using the pesticide residue analytical data(1995-96) from officially approved organizations and the analytical data for poultry was adopted from Korean food code method. In the second step, TMDI was estimated from MRLs and food factors, and was compared with ADI. In the third step, the effectiveness of each culinary treatment (washing, peeling, steaming, boiling, and salting) was evaluated and EDI was calculated using pesticide residue data, food factor, and correction factor by treatment. TMDI obtained from MRLs and food intake, and food intake was summed as 1,100.99 g, which was 79.1% of total consumption. The percent ratio of TMDI to ADI for 156 pesticides was mostly below 80% and only 30 pesticides exceeded the ADI. In particular, non-treated EDI from pesticide residue data and food intake was summed up to about 43 $\mu\textrm{g}$/day/capita, and the rank was procymidone(8.6 $\mu\textrm{g}$) > maleic hydrazide(8.2 $\mu\textrm{g}$) > EPN(3.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$) > deltamethrin(3.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$) > cypermethrin(3.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$). The treated EDI calculated from pesticide residue data, food intake, and correction factor by culinary treatment was summed up to 13.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$/day/captia. The percentage of ADI was TMDI(79.74%) > non-treated EDI (0.17%) > treated EDI (0.04%), and the exposure level of Korean population to whole pesticides was below the level to produce health risk. Oncogenic risk of five pesticides used in Korea whose oncogenic potency(Q*) was known were assessed from TMDI and treated EDI. Dietary oncogenic risk for Korean was estimated to be 2.0$\times$10-3 on the basis of TMDI, 8.3$\times$10-7 on the basis of treated EDI. The oncogenic risk from TMDI exceeded the risk level(1$\times$10-6) of EPA, whereas the oncogenic risk from treated EDI and real exposure level lower than that of EPA.