• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제9D권5호
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• pp.939-944
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose and apply new classification method to the remotely sensed image acquired from airborne multi-spectral scanner. This is a neuro-fuzzy image classifier derived from the generic model of a 3-layer fuzzy perceptron. We implement a classification software system with the proposed method for land cover image classification. Comparisons with the proposed and maximum-likelihood classifiers are also presented. The results show that the neuro-fuzzy classification method classifies more accurately than the maximum likelihood method. In comparing the maximum-likelihood classification map with the neuro-fuzzy classification map, it is apparent that there is more different as amount as 7.96% in the overall accuracy. Most of the differences are in the "Building" and "Pine tree", for which the neuro-fuzzy classifier was considerably more accurate. However, the "Bare soil" is classified more correctly with the maximum-likelihood classifier rather than the neuro-fuzzy classifier.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.23-33
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 인공위성영상을 이용한 토지피복 분류방법 중 파라메트릭한 분류와 비-파라메트릭한 분류의 대표성을 띤 최대우도 분류법과 신경망을 이용한 분류방법을 사용하여 분류정확도를 비교하였다. 분류정확도의 평가에 있어서 일반적인 분석가들이 사용하는 훈련지역에 대한 분류정확도의 분석뿐만 아니라, 시험지역에 대한 정확도분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 최대우도분류기에 비하여 신경망의 분류기가 일반적인 훈련데이터의 분류에 있어서 약 3% 우월하였으며, 지상검증데이터를 사용한 분류결과에서는 시험에 사용된 두 분류기 모두 빈약한 분류결과를 나타내었으나, 신경망에 의한 분류가 최대우도에 비하여 약 10%정도 보다 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1999

This research is an attempt to obtain more accurate land cover information from LANDSAT images. Canonical correlation analysis, which has not been widely used in the image classification community, was applied to the classification of a LANDSAT images. It was found that it is easy to select training areas on the classification using canonical correlation analysis in comparison with the maximum likelihood classifier of $ERDAS^{(R)}$ software. In other words, the selected positions of training areas hardly affect the classification results using canonical correlation analysis. when the same training areas are used, the mapping accuracy of the canonical correlation classification results compared with the ground truth data is not lower than that of the maximum likelihood classifier. The kappa analysis for the canonical correlation classifier and the maximum likelihood classifier showed that the two methods are alike in classification accuracy. However, the canonical correlation classifier has better points than the maximum likelihood classifier in classification characteristics. Therefore, the classification using canonical correlation analysis applied in this research is effective for the extraction of land cover information from LANDSAT images and will be able to be put to practical use.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.674-682
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 다중분광 영상의 분류를 위하여 퍼지 G-K(Gustafson- Kessel) 알고리즘과 PCM 알고리즘을 융합한 분류방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 학습데이타를 이용하여 퍼지 G-K 알고리즘을 수행한 후 그 결과를 이용하여 PCM 알고리즘을 수행한다 PCM 알고리즘과 퍼지 G-K 알고리즘 분류결과를 비교하여 그 결과가 일치하면 해당 항목으로 분류항목을 결정한다. 일치하지 않는 화소는 PCM 알고리즘의 평균내부거리 안쪽에 있는 화소들을 새로운 학습데이타로 하여 베이시안 최대우도 분류를 수행하여 분류항목을 결정한다. 평균내부거리 안쪽에 있는 화소 데이타는 정규분포형태를 보여준다. 다차원 다중분광 영상인 IKONOS와 LANDSAT TM 위성영상을 이용하여 제안된 알고리즘의 효율성을 검증한 결과 퍼지 G-K 알고리즘과 PCM 알고리즘 그리고 전통적인 분류 방법인 최대우도 분류 알고리즘보다 전체 정확도가 더 높은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.315-327
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• 2004

Nowadays, interests in land cover classification using not only multi-sensor images but also thematic GIS information are increasing. Often, although useful GIS information for the classification is available, the traditional MLE (maximum likelihood estimation techniques) does not allow us to use the information, due to the fact that it cannot handle the GIS data properly. This paper propose two extended MLE algorithms that can integrate both remote sensing images and GIS thematic data for land-cover classification. They include modified MLE and Bayesian predictive likelihood estimation technique (BPLE) techniques that can handle both categorical GIS thematic data and remote sensing images in an integrated manner. The proposed algorithms were evaluated through supervised land-cover classification with Landsat ETM+ images and an existing land-use map in the Gongju area, Korea. As a result, the proposed method showed considerable improvements in classification accuracy, when compared with other multi-spectral classification techniques. The integration of remote sensing images and the land-use map showed that overall accuracy indicated an improvement in classification accuracy of 10.8% when using MLE, and 9.6% for the BPLE. The case study also showed that the proposed algorithms enable the extraction of the area with land-cover change. In conclusion, land cover classification results produced through the integration of various GIS spatial data and multi-spectral images, will be useful to involve complementary data to make more accurate decisions.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2003

This study was performed to prove if the high resolution satellite imagery of IKONOS is suitable for preparing digital vegetation map which is becoming increasingly important in ecological science. Seven classes for forest area and five classes for non-forest area were taken for classification. Three methods, such as the pixel based classification, the segment based classification with majority principle, and the segment based classification with maximum likelihood, were applied to classify IKONOS imagery taken in April 2000. As a whole, the segment based classification shows better performance in classifying the high resolution satellite imagery of IKONOS. Through the comparison of accuracies and kappa values of the above 3 classification methods, the segment based classification with maximum likelihood was proved to be the best suitable for preparing the vegetation map with the help of IKONOS imagery. This is true not only from the viewpoint of accuracy, but also for the purpose of preparing a polygon based vegetation map. On the basis of the segment based classification with the maximum likelihood, a digital vegetation map in which each vegetation class is delimitated in the form of a polygon could be prepared.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 AWGN 채널 환경에서 likelihood 함수를 사용하여 변조 신호를 구분하는 새로운 구조의 변조 신호 구분 방식을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 각 변조 신호가 전송된다는 가정하에 likelihood 함수를 사용하지만 기존의 maximum likelihood 방식보다 더 양호한 특성을 갖는다. 기존의 maximum likelihood 방식은 구조의 복잡성과 위상 및 주파수 옵?V을 갖는 채널에서 변조 신호 구분 성능이 열화되는 특성을 갖는다. 제안된 방식은 기존 방식의 impaired 채널 환경에서의 열화 성능을 보완하는 간단한 구조의 blind 변조 구분 성능을 제공한다. 제안된 방식은 위상 및 주파수 옵?V을 갖는 채널 환경에서 기존의 maximum likelihood 방식과 성능을 모의 실험하여 비교 분석 되었다. 제안된 방식의 변조 신호 구분의 정확성은 실험 결과에서 기존 방식보다 더 양호한 성능을 보였으며, 단순한 계산 방식으로 보다 더 간단한 구조를 갖는다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 인공위성영상을 이용한 토지피복 분류방법 중 파라메트릭한 분류와 비-파라메트릭한 분류의 대표성을 띤 최대우도 분류법과 신경망을 이용한 분류방법을 사용하여 분류정확도를 비교하였다. 분류정확도의 평가에 있어서 일반적인 분석가들이 사용하는 훈련지역에 대한 분류 정확도의 분석뿐만 아니라, 시험지역에 대한 정확도분석을 하였다. 그 결과, 최대우도분류기에 비하여 신경망의 분류기가 일반적인 훈련데이터의 분류에 있어서 약 3% 우월하였으며, 지상검증데이터를 사용한 분류결과에서는 시험에 사용된 두 분류기 모두 빈약한 분류결과를 나타내었으나, 신경망에 의한 분류가 최대우도에 비하여 약 10%정도 보다 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2004년도 ICEIC The International Conference on Electronics Informations and Communications
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• pp.447-450
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• 2004

This paper proposes remotely sensed image classification method by fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm using average intra-cluster distance. The average intra-cluster distance acquires an average of the vector set belong to each cluster and proportionates to its size and density. We perform classification according to pixel's membership grade by cluster center of fuzzy c-means clustering using the mean-values of training data about each class. Fuzzy c-means algorithm considered membership degree for inter-cluster of each class. And then, we validate degree of overlap between clusters. A pixel which has a high degree of overlap applies to the maximum likelihood classification method. Finally, we decide category by comparing with fuzzy membership degree and likelihood rate. The proposed method is applied to IKONOS remote sensing satellite image for the verifying test.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.198-200
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• 2003

This study proved if the high resolution satellite imagery of IKONOS is suitable for preparing digital forest cover map. Three methods, the pixel based classification with maximum likelihood (PML), the segment based classification with majority principle(SMP), and the segment based classification with maximum likelihood(SML), were applied to classify and delimitate forest cover of IKONOS imagery taken in May 2000 in a forested area in the central Korea. The segment-based classification was more suitable for classifying and deliminating forest cover in Korea using IKONOS imagery. The digital forest cover map in which each class is delimitated in the form of a polygon can be prepared on the basis of the segment-based classification.