• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1059-1061
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• 2010

Mature cystic teratoma is a common ovarian lesion, approximately 10-20% of ovarian tumor. However, it can undergo a malignant transformation, but incidence of malignant transformation is very low. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant transformation in the mature cystic teratoma. Preoperative diagnosis of malignant transformation in the mature cystic teratoma is very difficult, because malignant transformed tissues are very small in the mature cystic teratoma components. And so most of the carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma were diagnosed after histologic examination. We experienced a case of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the mature cystic teratoma of the ovary and report a case with a brief review of the literatures.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2002

This study was to examine whether the in vitro differentiated neural cells derived from human embryonic stem (hES, MB03) cells can be survived and expressed tyrosin hydroxylase(TH) in grafted normal or PD rat brain. To differentiate in vitro into neural cells, embryoid bodies (EB: for 5 days, without mitogen) were formed from hES cells, neural progenitor cells(neurosphere, for 7-10 days, 20 ng/㎖ of bFGF added N2 medium) were produced from EB, and then finally neurospheres were differentiated into mature neuron cells in N2 medium(without bFGF) for 2 weeks. In normal rat brain, neural progenitor cells or mature neuron cells (1×10/sup 7/ cells/㎖) were grafted to the striatum of normal rats. After 2 weeks, when the survival of grafted hES cells was examined by immunohistochemical analysis, the neural progenitor cell group indicated higher BrdU, NeuN＋, MAP2＋ and GFAP＋ than mature neuron cell group in grafted sites of normal rats. This result demonstrated that the in vivo differentiation of grafted hES cells be increased simultaneously in both of neuronal and glial cell type. Also, neural progenitor cell grafted normal rats expressed more TH pattern than mature neuron cells. Based on this data, as a preliminary test, when the neural progenitor cells were grafted into the striatum of 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned PD rats, we confirmed the cell survival (by double staining of Nissl and NeuN) and TH expression. This result suggested that in vitro differentiated neural progenitor cells derived from hES cells are more usable than mature neuron cells for the neural cell grafting in animal model and those grafted cells were survived and expressed TH in normal or PD rat brain.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1165-1168
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate the incidence of malignant transformation and P53 and P16 expression in teratomatous skin of ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Materials and Methods: Data on ovarian teratoma specimens in nearly 10 years were reviewed. P53 and P16 expression were detected by immunohistochemistry in 25 cases of teratomatous skin of ovarian mature cystic teratoma, 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma originated from teratomatous skin. Results: Of 1913 cases of ovarian mature cystic teratoma in nearly 10 years, only two cases of squamous cell carcinoma were found in teratomatous skin, with malignant transformation rate of 0.1045%. P53 expression was detected in 2 cases squamous cell carcinoma originated from teratomatous skin and P16 overexpression in one. There were no expressions of P53 and P16 in 25 cases of teratomatous skin of ovarian mature cystic teratoma. Of 20 cases of squamous cell carcinoma P53 overexpression (positive rate of 55%) was detected in 11 cases, P16 overexpression (positive rate of 35%) in 7 cases. The positive rates of P53 and P16 expression in squamous cell carcinomas were significantly higher than that in the teratomatous skins (p< 0.001, p= 0.002). Conclusions: There was low risk of malignant transformation in teratomatous skin of ovarian mature cystic teratoma which can be explained by lower P53 and P16 expressionin teratomas than that in squamous cell carcinoma.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.342-345
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• 1998

This study was investigated to the structure of cell wall during maturation for the research of softening of jujube fruits. Cell was hardly combined with each other untill turning stage, but middle lamella of cell wall was splited at mature stage and was observed splited cell. The middle lamella of cell wall was not observed at green mature stage, but was observed at turning stage. Cell wall was degraded at mature stage. It was observed mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum et. at in jujube fruit of green mature stage, but cytoplasm and organelle was attached on cell wall as vacuole was grown up after turning stage.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.196-202
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• 2001

Backgorund: WEHI-231 B cell line is a representative model for $IgM^+$ mature B cells. To understand the signaling differences between mature and immature B cells, we compared the responsiveness of WEHI-231 and Bal 17 B cell lines to BCR cross-linking. Methods: The extents of tyrosine phosphorylation, ligand-induced internalization, and activation-induced cell death upon BCR cross-linking were compared in two cell lines. Results: Despite a higher expression of BCR, cross-linking of BCR on WEHI-231 cell evoked a weaker level of tyrosine phosphorylation and BCR endocytosis than Bal 17 cells. Furthermore, the endocytosed BCR could not enter the lysosomal compartment and stayed as peripheral spots in WEHI-231 cells. Conclusion: WEHI-231 cell showed preferred BCR-mediated signaling pathways leading to a reduced capability of antigen presentation as well as the enhanced apoptosis in comparision with Bal 17 cells. These results might reflect the signaling differences between mature and immature B cells.

• Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2006

Background : Osteoporosis and atrophic cell pattern in Pap smear are frequent findings In postmenopausal women due to loss of ovarian function, The present study attempted to find out possible correlation between morphologic characteristics of Pap smear and osteoporosis. Material & methods: The subjects were 825 women(age from 35 to 80) who had undergone Pap smear and bone mineral density(BMD) at The Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul Branch, from March 8 to May 10, 2005. Pap smears from 825 women were reviewed and classified either mature cell pattern or atrophic cell pattern by their cytologic patterns, BMD were measured using LUNAR DPX MdIQ(Minster, Ohio, USA). BMD value of lumbar spine(Ll, L2,L3 and L4) were measured from 825 women and BMD value of proximal region off emur(neck NK, Wards triangle WT, and trochanter TR) were measured from 818 women and their bone status were classified as normal( T-sore:>-1.0), osteopenia (T-score: -l~<-2,5) and osteoporosis(T-score: ≤ -2.5). And age distribution of Pap smear, average T-value andfrequency ofsteoporo-sis of each region of the bone, percentage of osteoporosis of each boneregion by age group and changing pattern of percentage of osteopenia and osteoporosis in certain postmenopausal period were compared between mature and atrophic cell pattern. Results: Pap smears revealed total mature cell pattern 53,9%(445/825) and total atrophic cell pattern 46.1%(380/825), Percentage of mature cell pattern decreased from 98.2%(168/171)under 44 age group to 13,3%(17/128) over 65 age group and mature cell pattern increased from 1.8%(3/171) under 44 age group to 86.7%(111/128) oyer 65 age group. Mean T-value of each region of lumbar spine and femur of mature cell pattern were lower than that of atrophic cell pattern about -1,5. And osteoporosis has noted in atrophic cell pattern showing odds ratio Ll 13.9, L2 15.3, L3 12.0, L4 10,4, UK 6.7, WT 10.9 and TR 4.1.Atrophic cell pattern started to increase after 45 years of age and osteoporosis of a trophic cell pattern started after 55 years of age. During 50 to 64 years of age period, L3, L4 and WT revealed parallel increased of osteopenia and osteoporosis and Ll, L2 revealed decreased of osteopenia and increased of osteoporosis. nia Conclusion: Above findings suggest that atrophic cell pattern of Pap smear precedes osteoporosis about 10 years and one of predictor of osteoporosis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.293-296
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• 2001

Mature cystic teratomas, commonly called dermoid cysts, are the most common benign germ cell tumors of ovary in women of reproductive age. Mature cystic teratoma that constitutes 10-25% of ovarian tumors and 95% of teratoma, is germ cell tumor of the ovary. This occurs frequently in women less than 20 years old, but it can be found upto 10-20% in postmenopausal women. And in women over the age of 50, a mature cystic teratoma is likely to change into malignant form. Traditional surgical methods of mature cystic teratoma treatment include transabdominal cystectomy, oophorectomy, hysterectomy and(or) bilateral salphingooophorectomy. Recently laparoscopic approach replaces transabdominal surgeries in many cases. Vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma is unique and rare. Compared with laparotomy, transvaginal approach is characterized by shorter hospital stay and lower morbidity rate. Compared with laparoscopic operation, transvaginal approach has advantages of no visible operative scar and lower intra-operative tumor spillage. The decision for surgical methods is related with patients' situations and surgeon's preference. We report 1 case of vaginal removal of mature cystic teratoma as a part of vaginal hysterectomy in old age patient.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1991

A sequential sub-cellular study of the epicarp of Nerium indicum has been performed. Outer epidermis of the ovary wall is covered externally with a thin cuticle. Cytoplasm possesses most of the cell organelles in the ovary stage itself. Outermost zone of the pericarp is the epicarp, developing from the outer epidermis. In the developing fruit, cell organelles are found with its maximum intensity. In mature fruit, the epicarp becomes multilayered due to additional development of few collenchymatous cells close to the outermost layer. Epicarpic cell possesses large central vacuole, around which a thin layer of cytoplasm is present. Number of cell organelles are considerably reduced in the mature fruit. In the ovary stage starch grains are electron transparent, while in the mature fruit it is fruit it is electron transluscent.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 1998

This study was investigated to know changes of the cell wall components, cell wall degrading enzyme activities and contents of soluble protein of strawberry during ripening and softening. The contents of water soluble substances were slightly increased during ripening, but the contents of alcohol-insoluble substances were not changed. The contents of pectin were not changed at green mature and turning stage, while decreased after mature stage. The contents of alkali-soluble hemicellulose and cellulose were increased during ripening and softening. The contents of water-soluble and saltsoluble protein were not changed, but the content of cell wall protein was slightly decreased during ripening. The content of total protein was increased at turning stage, it is not changed after turning stage. $\beta$-Galactosidase activity was increased during ripening, and pectinmethylesterase activity was decreased at turning. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity was changed up to mature stage, but decreased at overripening stage. Polygalacturonase and cellulase activities were not detected at all of ripening stages.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.18-18
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• 2002

This study was to investigate the effect of neurotrophic factors on neural cell differentiation in vitro derived from human embryonic stem (hES, MB03) cells. For neural progenitor cell formation derived from hES cells, we produced embryoid bodies (EB: for 5 days, without mitogen) from hES cells and then neurospheres (for 7 - 10 days, 20 ng/㎖ of bFGF added N2 medium) from EB. And then finally for the differentiation into mature neuron cells, neural progenitor cells were cultured in ⅰ) N2 medium (without bFGF), ⅱ) N2 supplemented with brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, 5ng/㎖) or ⅲ) N2 supplemented with platelet derived growth factor-bb (PDGF-bb, 20ng/㎖) for 2 weeks. (omitted)