• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to determine whether a parenting education program using responsive teaching strategies is effective for parenting stress, maternal interactional behavior and behavioral problems in children at risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Methods: Participants in this study were 17 elementary school children and their parents. The ADHD risk group was determined by scores on the Korean-ADHD Rating Scale. The parenting education program was developed based on Dr. Mahoney's responsive teaching curriculum. Mothers participated in the program once a week for 8 sessions. Treatment outcome was evaluated using the Korean version of the Child Behavior CheckList (K-CBCL), parenting stress, maternal interactional behavior, and child pivotal developmental behavior. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test, Mann-Whitney test, and regression analysis. Results: After the parenting education program, no significant difference in parenting stress (Z=-1.00, p=.320) was found, but there was a significant decrease in the child's internal behavior problems (Z=-2.05, p=.040), and also a significant improvement in maternal interactional behavior and a significant difference in child pivotal developmental behavior (Z=-2.67, p=.008). Conclusion: The results indicate that parenting education programs based on responsive teaching strategies are effective and that application of a program is recommended to prevent behavioral problems and improve maternal child interaction for children at risk for ADHD.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to find the relational influences of maternal child rearing behavior and peer acceptance on children's self esteem. The sample subject were 200 of fourth/sixth grade of elementary school. The major findings of the research were as follows : First, the scores of peer acceptance, social acceptance, behavior conduct, global self-worth and affect tend to be over the mean scores. Second, the influences of maternal child rearing behaviors and peer acceptance on children's self esteem found significant due to the sub-areas of self-esteem. The affectionate child rearing affects all sub-areas of self-esteem. Overprotection and peer acceptance affect social acceptance. In addition, gender affect cognitive ability and fade affects global self-worth.

• 아동학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2003

The influence of depression, self-esteem, and well-being components of maternal psychological environment on child behavior problems was examined in Korean and American populations. Findings were that the level of mother's self-esteem was lower in Korean than in American mothers; the level of mother's "autonomy" and "environmental mastery" was lower in Korean than in American mothers; and "somatic complaints" were more frequent in the Korean group. The relationship between maternal psychological environment and child behavior problems was greater in the American group. In the Korean group, autonomy and enviornmental mastery were negative components causing both internalized and externalized behavor problems in children. Mothers' depression was the most powerful variable, affecting internalized and externalized behavior problems in both Korean and American groups.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2005

The purpose or this study was to investigate the effects of children's internal (age, sex, self-respect) and external (maternal belief, childrearing behavior) variables on self-regulation. The subjects were 2004-and-5-year-olds, their mothers, and teachers. Children's age, sex, and self-respect had m influence on self-regulation; that is 5-year-olds were higher than 4-year-olds for behavioral self-regulation, girls were higher than boys for cognitive and behavioral self-regulation, and the high self-respect group was higher than the low self-respect group for cognitive self-regulation. The psychological controlling and externally directed strategies had a negative influence on children's self-regulation. Maternal affectionate childrearing behavior had an influence on children's self-regulation; that is the high affectionate group had children with higher self-regulation.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of preschooler's self-regulation and maternal parenting behavior on preschooler's game immersion. Subjects were 253 4- to 5-year-old preschoolers(118 boys, 135 girls) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) preschooler's game immersion differed from preschooler's gender. Boy preschooler had higher score than girl preschooler in game immersion. (2) Both boy and girl preschooler's game immersion was negatively correlated with preschooler's behavioral regulation and emotional regulation, maternal rational guidance, limit-setting and affection. (3) The most influential factor on boy preschooler's game immersion was behavioral regulation. On the other hand, the most influential factor on girl preschooler's game immersion was emotional regulation, and the next influential factor was maternal affection. Results of this study indicate that self-regulation enhancement program should be developed and mothers should be more affective with their preschoolers in order to prevent preschoolers' game immersion.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

We investigated the effects of maternal parenting behaviors, children's emotional regulation, and stress coping strategies on gender-specific children's behavioral problems. The participants were 191, $4^{th}$ and $5^{th}$ graders and their mothers from four elementary schools in Seoul and Kyung-gi province. Collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions. The major findings were summarized as follows: (1) Active coping strategies explained boys' aggressive behaviors, (2) mother's warm-encouragement parenting behaviors and active coping strategies explained boys' delinquent behaviors, (3) mother's warm-encouragement parenting behaviors explained boys' withdrawn behaviors, and (4) mother's mediation-supervision parenting behaviors and negative emotionality explained girls' aggressive behaviors. In conclusion, maternal parenting behaviors, children's emotional regulation and stress coping strategies have gender-specific influence on children's behavioral problems.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.274-282
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• 2019

Female Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii were crossed with male Russian sturgeon A. gueldenstaedtii and the development, ontogenetic behavior, and phototactic characteristics of the resultant hybrid prolarvae were examined. The fertilization rate of the hybrid group was similar to that of Siberian sturgeon (the maternal species), and the overall developmental characteristics of hybrid embryos were not significantly different from those of either parental species. The time window from first hatch to the completion of hatching was wider in Russian sturgeon than in Siberian and hybrid sturgeon groups. The prolarval viability of the hybrid group was similar to that of the maternal species, and significantly higher than that of the paternal species. Hybrid prolarvae displayed ontogenetic behavioral patterns that were quite similar to those of Siberian sturgeon. In an illumination preference test, hybrid prolarvae displayed significant positive phototaxis, similar to the maternal species, and clearly distinct from the negative phototactic character of the paternal species. Taken together, our data indicate that the prolarval traits of hybrid sturgeon from this cross more closely resemble those of the maternal than the paternal species.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.733-741
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing maternal identity of Korean primiparas. Methods: The data were collected by a self-report questionnaire in 2006. The participants were 210 healthy primiparous women who delivered at one of three medical centers and revisited the outpatient department for follow up between 4 to 6 weeks after childbirth. Data were analyzed using the SPSS WIN 17.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Maternal identity was significantly correlated with Taekyo accomplishment, the culturally based prenatal preparation (p<.001). Transitional gratification to motherhood (p<.001), postpartum depression (p<.001), childcare stress (p<.001), infant temperament (p<.001), and social support (p<.001) were also significantly correlated with maternal identity. The stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that maternal identity was significantly predicted by transitional gratification to motherhood, infant temperament, childcare stress, and Taekyo accomplishment. These variables explained 31.0% of the variance of maternal identity. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that postpartum nursing interventions to promote maternal identity should focus on reinforcing education and support for reducing childcare stress and infant difficulty, and increasing transitional gratification to motherhood. Also, prenatal encouragement and education for improving Taekyo accomplishment may be helpful to promote maternal identity after birth.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate effects of maternal education using Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale(the following will be marked as NBAS) on the mother-infant interaction and infant behavior. The subjects of this study consisted of 48 pairs of normal mother and infant, 24 pairs for intervention group and 24 pairs for control group. The subjects were recruited from two general hospitals, and an OBGY clinic located in J city. The data were collected from July 30, 2001 to October 6, 2001. Prior to investigation and data collection, following operational hypotheses were set up in order to compare the investigative data against these operational hypotheses(H). H1: Intervention group will higher mother-infant interaction score than control group. H2: Intervention group infants will higher overall performance in infant behavior test score than control group infants. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The mother-infant interaction score was 59.79 points in intervention group and 53.91 points in control group. The mother-infant interaction score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. Therefore, hypothesis 1 was supported. 2. The infant behavior score of intervention group was significantly higher than control group, but partially. Therefore, hypothesis 2 was partially supported. 1) The social interaction(orientation) score was 46.58 points in intervention group and 43.50 points in control group. The orientation score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. 2) The state regulation score was 26.79 points in intervention group and 25.33 points in control group. The state regulation score of intervention group showed significant difference than control group. In conclusion, present work demonstrated that maternal education using NBAS is an effective intervention method for promotion of mother-infant interaction and of infant behavior development. Author believes that many inexperience young mother may find NBAS-based maternal education beneficial for their nursing babies, therefore NBAS-based intervention is recommended to be adopted routinely as an integral part of neonatal nursing strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.218-228
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• 2003

목 적：본 연구에서는 정신과를 방문한 아동들의 정서 및 행동 문제와 어머니의 우울증, 양육 스트레스간의 관계를 알아보고, 특히, 이러한 변인들이 어머니의 양육 스트레스에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보았다. 방 법：DSM-IV 진단 준거에 근거한 정신과 전문의의 소견과 심리학적 평가에 의해 외현화 행동 장애, 내면화 행동 장애, 혼재형 행동 장애로 각각 진단된 73명의 아동과 그 어머니들을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 아동의 어머니는 다면적 인성검사(MMPI)와 한국아동인성검사(KPI-C) 및 양육스트레스 척도(PSI)를 작성하였고, 변량분석, 상관분석, 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과：외현화 행동 장애와 내면화 행동 장애, 혼재형 행동 장애를 가진 아동의 각 집단별 어머니들의 우울감은 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 양육 스트레스를 종속변인으로한 2요인 변량분석 결과, 외현화 행동장애와 혼재형 행동장애에서 아동 영역 양육 스트레스 하위 요인 중 주의산만/과잉행동 요인이 내현화 행동장애 아동보다 더 심각한 스트레스로 작용하였고, 어머니의 우울 여부의 주효과는 전반적 양육 스트레스 총점, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스 총점, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스의 하위 요인 중 우울, 부모의 건강, 배우자와의 관계의 요인에서 각각 유의미하였다. 아동의 증상 심각도가 양육 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과, 아동 영역 양육 스트레스에 대해서는 아동의 과잉행동과 불안이, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스에 대해서는 어머니의 우울 수준이 각각 유의미한 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 결 론：본 결과는 우울한 어머니들의 경우, 아동의 증상 심각도 보다는 어머니의 우울 수준이 전반적인 양육 스트레스에 더 많은 영향을 미치므로, 우울한 어머니들에서는, 아동의 증상에 대한 치료와는 별도로 어머니의 심리적 적응에 개별적인 치료적 접근이 필요함을 시사한다.