• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.3-11
• /
• 1998

This study was aimed to evaluate any influence of environmental factors associated with feeding on infants' growth. One hundred infants(62 males and 38 females) aged 4-9 months were measured for length and were weighed. Their mothers were interviewed using questionnaires including general and environmental characteristics and maternal feeding attitude, ideal body habitus, infant's food behavior, and infant's food behavior, and infant's temperament. A further study was conducted on 29 infants at the time their ages reached 12 months. Their dietary intakes were assessed, and blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations were measured. Z-scores of weight-for-age(WAZ) and Z-scores of height-for-age(HAZ) of 4-9 month- old infants were not correlated with age, education level, income, weight, and height of their parents. Formula-fed infants had significantly lower WAZ and body mass index (BMI) than those of breast fed infants. WAZ was significantly correlated with maternal feeding attitude, but not with ideal body habitus, infant's food behavior or infant's temperament. WAZ of 12-months after birth because of supplementary foods introduced from 6 months of age. WAZ and BMI were positively correlated with blood hemoglobin concentration. Therefore, to ensure proper growth of infants, efforts should be given to postental factors such as breast-feeding, maternal feeding attitude, adequate iron status as well as prenatal factors. (Korean J Community Nutrition 3(1) : 3∼11, 1998)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.49 no.9
• /
• pp.47-58
• /
• 2011

This study investigated the relationships among mothers' playfulness, play beliefs and rearing attitude. The participants were 261 mothers with young children. PSA(Playfulness Scale for Adults), PPBS(Parent Play Beliefs Scale), MBRI(Maternal Behavior Research Instrument) were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's productive correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: First, mothers' rearing attitude varied by mothers' age, employment status, and educational level. Second, there were significant correlations among mothers' playfulness, play beliefs, and rearing attitude. Third, mothers' playfulness and play beliefs were reliable predictors of rearing attitude.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.167-183
• /
• 2010

This study examined the relationship between maternal attitudes toward children's expressiveness, children's emotional intelligence and problem behaviors. The question as to whether emotional intelligence mediated the relationship between maternal attitudes and problem behaviors was also explored. A sample of 307 preschool children were used as subjects. Mothers rated their levels of acceptance toward their children's emotions, while teachers reported on the children's emotional abilities and behavioral problems. The data were analyzed by means of regression analyses. Our results indicated that mothers' controlling attitudes were associated with low levels of worry-anxiety. Additionally, it was found that children with high emotional intelligence showed low levels of worry-anxiety, hostility-aggression, and hyperactivity-inattention. While multiple factors of emotional intelligence had differential impacts, the self-control factor was the most powerful predictor for all the problem behaviors. It was further found that a mother's receptive attitude was related to higher levels of self-awareness in children. Instead of the significant mediating effect of emotional intelligence, it was revealed that emotional intelligence had greater effects upon problem behaviors than maternal attitudes toward children's expressiveness.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.112-122
• /
• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relation to perceived maternal child rearing behaviors and the level of internet addiction in the upper year grade students. Method: Data was collected through self-report questionnaires in which perceived maternal child rearing behaviors and internet addiction. This study population was comprised of 668 students who enrolled 4~6 year-grade in Kwangwon-Do. The data collected was analyzed by the SPSS program. Results: The level of internet addiction of subjects was rather low. Of the children, 88.2% reported being average on-line users, 7.3%, heavy on-line users, and 4.5%, internet addicted. Gender, existence of father, mother's attitude when child overuse on-line, average playing time of on-line per day, frequency of on-line visits per week and purpose of on-line use for average on-line users were different from that of heavy on-line users. The level of perceived maternal child rearing behaviors were abbreviate positively correlated to the level of internet addiction in subjects. Conclusion: We suggest these results be used to develop a internet addiction prevention program.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.141-147
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Despite effectiveness and safety of maternal tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination, Tdap vaccination coverage during pregnancy remains quite low. We assessed the knowledge, attitude and practice on maternal Tdap vaccination among pregnant women. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey of pregnant women who visited tertiary obstetrics and gynecologic units in Seoul and Gyeonggi province of Korea. Individual questionnaires were administered to assess knowledge, attitude and practice on maternal immunization with Tdap. Results: The questionnaires were completed by 184 pregnant women; 158 (86%) had not received information from doctors about pertussis and Tdap, and 166 (90%) did not know the need for Tdap vaccination. Only 7% of pregnant women unlikely to receive Tdap vaccine during current pregnancy answered 3 or more of the 5 knowledge-based questions correctly. By logistic regression analysis, recommendation by doctor (adjusted odd ratio [OR], 236.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 12.6-4,432), belief that the vaccine is effective (adjusted OR, 40.21; 95% CI, 2.35-687.7), and belief that the vaccine is safe (adjusted OR, 19.83; 95% CI, 1.54-255.9) were significantly important factors to respondents' intention to be vaccinated. Conclusions: Most pregnant women seem to be neither recommended nor adequately informed about Tdap vaccination. Information given by health care professionals is very important to increase Tdap coverage among pregnant women.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.57 no.3
• /
• pp.341-352
• /
• 2019

This study examined the effect of maternal positive parenting attitudes on school adjustment among multi-cultural adolescents in Korea and investigated if multi-cultural adolescents' ego-resiliency mediates the relationship between maternal positive parenting attitudes and school adjustment. We used panel data from the fifth wave (2015) of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) collected by the National Youth Policy Institute. Participants were 1,297 multi-cultural adolescents (639 boys, 658 girls) who are second-year middle school students and have foreign mothers. SPSS 25.0 performed descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The structural equation model (SEM) was estimated with Mplus 5.12. The results of this study were as follows. First, a higher level of maternal positive parenting attitudes were related to higher level of ego-resiliency and school adjustment for multi-cultural adolescents. Second, maternal positive parenting attitudes had an indirect effect on school adjustment for multi-cultural adolescents via ego-resiliency. The results of this study indicate that maternal positive parenting behaviors would help improve the school adjustment of multi-cultural adolescents by increasing the level of ego-resiliency. In addition, the results of this study suggest that improving ego-resiliency for multi-cultural adolescents can be an effective method to help in school adjustment, as well as education for maternal parenting attitude.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.277-292
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between infant's attachment and maternal parenting attitudes of 12 months infants and to verify the child's problem behaviors according to the patterns of attachment. There was no statistical significant difference between the maternal parenting attitudes and the patterns of infant's attachment. But the latter infants had been fed the more they showed secured attachment. Infants fostered under mothers having a good relationship with brother's family husband, and having a satisfaction of environmental factors had more secured attachment. There was the statistical significant difference between the patterns of attachment and child's problem behaviors. In securely attached children showed more immature insecure antisocial behaviors and habit disorders. As the results the maternal parenting attitude influenced infants's patterns of attachment to their mothers. And childern's problem behaviors were influenced by the patterns of attachment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.115-132
• /
• 1998

The present study investigated the construction of the moral concepts of 3-, 4-, and 5- year old Korean children. Instruments were the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument by Schaefer for mother and feather nurturing attitudes, and the Domain Distinctiveness Model for children's moral judgments. Maternal and teacher attitudes were categorized by the affection-rejection factor consisting of affection-affection, affection-rejection, rejection-affection, and rejection-rejection dimensions, and by the permissive, -control factor consisting of permissive-permissive, permissive-control, control-permissive, and control-control dimension. Children's data were collected with an individualized interview in which children were asked to judge moral and social conventional transgression events. 30 children were assigned to each of the maternal/teacher attitude dimensions; thus, there were 120 children for each factor. Results showed that (1) the affection-affection cohort was must strongly related to moral rules using both the seriousness criterion and deserved punishment criterion, and (2) the permissive-permissive cohort was most strongly related to reasoning and action. However, this cohort did not break out of children's structural limitation (limited responses to the intangible).

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the maternal parenting stress and related variables through early childhood in rural areas (Iksan and Kimpo). The subject were 134 mothers who have less than 5-year old children. The statistics used for this data were freguency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. The main results obtained from this study were as follows. The degree of maternal parenting stress differed according to level of mother's education, sex of the child, physical and mental health of the mother, child rearing attitudes, mother's level of self-differentiation, marital satisfaction, and father's parenting support. Results of the regression analysis that the etiologic model of this study were that father's parenting support is the most effective variables in rural areas.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.103-107
• /
• 2014

Objective : The objective of this study was to examine the association between childhood adversity and parenting attitude and neuroticism in adulthood. Methods : Forty nine women were recruited from community and completed Early Trauma Inventory-Short Form (ETI-SF). We compared scores on the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (MBRI), Neuroticism of NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) between women with and without childhood adversity. Results : Compared to women without childhood adversity, women with childhood adversity showed more rejecting parenting attitude and higher Depression and Self-Consciousness scores on Neuroticism domain of NEO-PI. Total ETI-SF scores and emotional abuse scores were positively correlated with rejecting attitude scores on the MBRI and BDI scores. Physical abuse scores were positively correlated with rejecting attitude scores. There were positive correlations between rejecting attitude scores on the MBRI, Neuroticism scores on the NEO-PI, and BDI scores. Conclusion : Our results suggest that childhood adversity may have a negative impact on parenting attitude and emotional state in adulthood. For girls who experienced traumatic event, early intervention is needed to prevent the development of neurotic temperament and rejecting parenting in adulthood.