• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Objective: Estrogen related receptor ${\beta}$ (Esrrb) is a member of the orphan nuclear receptors and may regulate the expression of pluripotencyrelated genes, such as Oct4 and Nanog. Therefore, in the present study, we have developed a method for delivering exogenous ESRRB recombinant protein into embryos by using cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) conjugation and have analyzed their effect on embryonic development. Methods: Mouse oocytes and embryos were obtained from superovulated mice. The expression of Oct4 mRNA and the cell number of inner cell mass (ICM) in the in vitro-derived and in vivo-derived blastocysts were first analyzed by real time-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and differential staining. Then 8-cell embryos were cultured in KSOM media with or without $2{\mu}g/mL$ CPP-ESRRB protein for 24 to 48 hours, followed by checking their integration into embryos during in vitro culture by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Results: Expression of Oct4 and the cell number of ICM were lower in the in vitro-derived blastocysts than in the in vivo-derived ones (p<0.05). In the blastocysts derived from the CPP-ESRRB-treated group, expression of Oct4 was greater than in the non-treated groups (p<0.05). Although no difference in embryonic development was observed between the treated and non-treated groups, the cell number of ICM was greater in the CPP-ESRRB-treated group. Conclusion: Treatment of CPP-ESRRB during cultivation could increase embryos' expression of Oct4 and the formation rate of the ICM in the blastocyst. Additionally, an exogenous delivery system of CPP-conjugated protein would be a useful tool for improving embryo culture systems.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.119-127
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• 2018

Veterinary antibiotics (VAs) has been used to treat animal disease and to increase body weight. However, released VAs in the soil via spreading of compost can transport to plant and affect its growth. Main purpose of this research was i) to monitor VAs concentration in plant and ii) to evaluate inhibition effect of VAs residuals on the plant growth. Red lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was cultivated for 35 days in the pot soil spiked with 3 different concertation (0.05, 0.5, $5.0mg\;kg^{-1}$) of chlortetracycline (CTC) and sulfamethazine (SMZ). After 35 days of cultivation, concentration of CTC and SMZ in the plant was measured. Residual of CTC and SMZ was only quantified at the range of $0.007-0.008mg\;kg^{-1}$ and $0.006-0.017mg\;kg^{-1}$ in the leaf and root respectively when high concentration ($5.0mg\;kg^{-1}$) of antibiotic was spiked in the soil. Leaf length and root mass was statistically reduced when $0.05mg\;kg^{-1}$ of CTC was spiked in the soil while no statistical difference was observed for SMZ treatment. This result might indicated that high $K_{ow}$ and $K_d$ value are the main parameters for inhibiting plant growth. Antibiotics that has a high $K_{ow}$ causing hydrophobicity and easy to bioaccumulate in the lipid cell membrane. Also, antibiotics that has a high $K_d$ properties can be sorbed in the root causing growth inhibition of the plant. Overall, management of VAs should be conducted to minimize adverse effect of VAs in the ecosystem.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.821-827
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• 2008

The unicellular green alga Dunaliella salina is a halotolerant eukaryotic organism. Its halophytic properties provide an important advantage for open pond mass cultivation, since D. salina can be grown selectively. D. salina was originally described by E. C. Teodoresco in 1905. Since that time, numerous isolates of D. salina have been identified from hypersaline environments on different continents. The new Dunaliella strain used for this study was isolated from the salt farm area of the west coastal side of South Korea. Cells of the new strain were approximately oval- or pear-shaped (approximately $16-24\;{\mu}m$ long and $10-15\;{\mu}m$ wide), and contained one pyrenoid, cytoplasmatic granules, and no visible eyespot. Although levels of $\beta$-carotene per cell were relatively low in cells grown at salinities between 0.5 to 2.5 M NaCl, cells grown at 4.5 M NaCl contained about a ten-fold increase in cellular levels of $\beta$-carotene, which demonstrated that cells of the new Korean strain of Dunaliella can overaccumulate $\beta$-carotene in response to salt stress. Analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of the new Korean isolate showed that it is in the same clade as D. salina. Consequently, based on comparative cell morphology, biochemistry, and molecular phylogeny, the new Dunaliella isolate from South Korea was classified as D. salina KCTC10654BP.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.496-501
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• 1995

Cellulomonas sp. KL-6 균주의 균체내 외 단백질은 배양 5일째에 $266\;{\mu}g/m{\ell},\;37\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$로 가장 많이 생산하였다. 본 실험에서 사용한 KL-6 균주는 볏짚을 분쇄 후 1.0% NaOH와 10% $NH_4OH$로 $80^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 처리한 후 $H_3PO_4$로 중화하여 탄소원으로 이용하였을 때 각각 $1.63\;g/{\ell}$ 및 $1.47\;g/{\ell}$의 SCP가 생산되어 처리하지 않은 볏짚의 $0.5\;g/{\ell}$ 보다 균체수율이 증가되었다. KL-6 균주가 생산한 SCP의 필수아미노산의 함량이 FAO 표준단백질에 비해 많아 영양적 가치가 매우 우수하였다. 그러나 실제 동물사육에 이 균체를 이용코저 할 때는 균체의 세포벽을 파쇄후 사용해야 되리라 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1430-1437
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• 2021

Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium found in powdered infant formula and is fatal to neonates. Antibiotic resistance has emerged owing to overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, demand for high-yield bacteriophages as an alternative to antibiotics has increased. Accordingly, we developed a modified mass-production method for bacteriophages by introducing a two-stage self-cycling (TSSC) process, which yielded high-concentration bacteriophage solutions by replenishing the nutritional medium at the beginning of each process, without additional challenge. pH of the culture medium was monitored in real-time during C. sakazakii growth and bacteriophage CS01 propagation, and the changes in various parameters were assessed. The pH of the culture medium dropped to 5.8 when the host bacteria reached the early log phase (OD₅₄₀ = 0.3). After challenge, it decreased to 4.65 and then recovered to 4.94; therefore, we set the optimum pH to challenge the phage at 5.8 and that to harvest the phage at 4.94. We then compared phage production during the TSSC process in jar-type bioreactors and the batch culture process in shaker flasks. In the same volume of LB medium, the concentration of the phage titer solution obtained with the TSSC process was 24 times higher than that obtained with the batch culture process. Moreover, we stably obtained high concentrations of bacteriophage solutions for three cycles with the TSSC process. Overall, this modified TSSC process could simplify large-scale production of bacteriophage CS01 and reduce the unit cost of phage titer solution. These results could contribute to curing infants infected with antibiotic-resistant C. sakazakii.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.717-725
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• 2021

This study aimed to optimize medium composition and culture conditions for enhancing the biomass of Lactobacillus plantarum 200655 using statistical methods. The one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method was used to screen the six carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, lactose, and galactose) and six nitrogen sources (peptone, tryptone, soytone, yeast extract, beef extract, and malt extract). Based on the OFAT results, six factors were selected for the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) to evaluate whether the variables had significant effects on the biomass. Maltose, yeast extract, and soytone were assessed as critical factors and therefore applied to response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal medium composition by RSM was composed of 31.29 g/l maltose, 30.27 g/l yeast extract, 39.43 g/l soytone, 5 g/l sodium acetate, 2 g/l K₂HPO₄, 1 g/l Tween 80, 0.1 g/l MgSO₄·7H₂O, and 0.05 g/l MnSO₄·H₂O, and the maximum biomass was predicted to be 3.951 g/l. Under the optimized medium, the biomass of L. plantarum 200655 was 3.845 g/l, which was similar to the predicted value and 1.58-fold higher than that of the unoptimized medium (2.429 g/l). Furthermore, the biomass increased to 4.505 g/l under optimized cultivation conditions. For lab-scale bioreactor validation, batch fermentation was conducted with a 5-L bioreactor containing 3.5 L of optimized medium. As a result, the highest yield of biomass (5.866 g/l) was obtained after 18 h of incubation at 30℃, pH 6.5, and 200 rpm. In conclusion, mass production by L. plantarum 200655 could be enhanced to obtain higher yields than that in MRS medium

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.28-45
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• 2021

The importance of smart clothing as a product is increasingly emphasized as further growth in the potential of the smart market is expected. There is a high understanding and sympathy for the potential of smart clothing in the mass consumer market; therefore, commercialization is not actively carried out. This study enhances the understanding of the development direction of products with a focus on technical benefits, in order for smart clothing to gain access to customers as wearable devices. This study identifies major technologies used in smart clothing through an analysis of the patent technology status of smart clothing in Korea. Smart clothing is divided into three types: passive smart, active smart and advanced smart clothing based on a reaction mechanism and functional scope. We present the smart clothing and discuss the product features for three types. According to research, smart clothing products were equipped with passive, active, and advanced smart systems as well as provided new services by converging big data and AI technologies, rather than only using technologies such as sensors, controls, and actuators. Future directions for new smart clothing product development is also discussed in the conclusion.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2022

상추의 양액재배 별 생육과 수확 후 저장 특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. '청치마' 상추를 이용하여, 무동력 수경재배 장치를 이용한 피트모스 배지경과 순수 담액 수경 재배의 생육을 비교하였고, 수확 후 상추의 생체중량변화, SPAD, 외관 등의 저장 특성을 검토하였다. 상추는 무동력수경재배의 배지경과 담액수경 재배 방법 간에 생육 후의 초장을 제외한 생체중, 엽수, SPAD, 수분함량, C/N율에서 차이가 없었다. 상추 재배 시 무동력 수경재배 방식을 통한 양액재배는 기존의 담액수경재배와 비교하여 생육에 무리가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 양액재배 방법에 따른 상추를 수확 후 저장 중 생체중량 감소나 외관 지수가 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 다만 엽록소 함량과 관계 있는 SPAD에서 저장기간이 지속됨에 따라 배지경 재배가 다소 높은 것으로 나타났다. 상추와 같은 작물이 재배적 이상이 없는 호조건에서 재배되는 경우, 수확 전 재배 방법에 따라서 수확 후 저장에 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2022

본 연구는 국내에서 소비되는 약용작물 중 경제적 가치는 높으나 국내 생산량이 적고 수입 의존도가 높은 Atractylodes의 식물 조직 배양 시스템을 구축하기 위해 수행되었다. 삽주는 A. ovata를 사용하였고, 4가지 cytokinins류, 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), zeatin, kinetin, thidiazuron (TDZ)을 2가지 농도(0.5, 1.0 mg/L)로 처리하였다. 4가지 유형의 cytokinin 중 BA처리는 A. ovata의 신초유도와 뿌리 생육에 효과적이었다. 0.5 mg/L 및 1.0 mg/L BA 모두 BA 처리에서 유사한 결과를 나타내었지만 1.0 mg/L BA가 신초와 뿌리 생육을 촉진하는데 더 효과적이었다. 처리 중 신초의 개수와 뿌리의 생중량(FW)을 제외하고는 TDZ 처리가 신초와 뿌리생육에 효과적이지 않아 본 수종에서는 적합하지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 A. ovata의 아배양을 이용한 기내증식 시스템을 구축하였다. 위 결과는 기내 재분화를 이용한 산림약용자원 A. ovata의 안정적인 생산 및 증식을 위한 기반 기술로 사용될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2023

Salix gracilistyla is widely distributed along riversides in Korea and very good for biomass production by SRC because of its excellent germination ability, but it is necessary to measure drying tolerance for cultivation. The drought tolerance of S. gracilistyla was tested using cuttings, and growth and physiological analysis were performed after irrigation was stopped. The growth inhibition of S. gracilistyla was observed from the day irrigation was stopped, and the soil moisture content decreased to less than 10% on the 25th day after irrigation was stopped. Over 50% of the seedlings turned brown 25 days after watering was stopped. The chlorophyll content of S. gracilistyla decreased dramatically after 25 days of stopping of irrigation. RWC values were unchanged until day 12 after irrigation was stopped but decreased rapidly until day 21, but there was a slightly decreasing trend after that. RWL levels increased slightly during irrigation stops. The proline content of plants subjected to drought stress was 0.91-2.63 mg/0.05 g, 2.75 times higher than that of the control treatment. The sugar content of the drought stress treatment group was 29.77 to 350.66 mg/0.05 g, which increased 12.24 times that of the control treatment. As a result of this study, S. gracilistyla was found to have a drought tolerance almost comparable to that of evergreen broad-leaved trees growing on the land. This study is expected to contribute to the resource utilization S. gracilistyla, a native willow tree of Korea, and the mass production of biomass by SRC.