• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.25-53
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• 1999

This study was conducted to provide basic data for policy of Oriental medicine by analyzing community residents' consciousness of taking herb medicine and its related factors. Data were collected from 1478 residents from March 2, 1999 to May 31, 1999. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 52.3% of the subjects was 'female'; 25.0% 'fifties of age'; 21.4% 'forties of age'; 20.9% 'thirties of ages'; 69.1% 'married'; 60.1% 'resident in a big city'; 12.1% 'residents in a small town or village'; 39.0% 'highschool graduate'; 35.9% 'above college graduate'; 23.4% 'housewife'; 23.4% 'professional' 34.1% 'Buddhist'; 81.1% 'middle class'. 2. The rate of experience of taking herb medicine was 85.2%(88.2% of 'male'; 82.5% of 'female'). It appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'the married', 'housewife', and 'Buddhist'. As the age increased, so the rate of experience of taking herb medicine was significantly high. 3. In case of purpose of taking herb medicine, taking herb medicine as a restorative(66.8%) was much higher than taking it as a curative medicine. Taking herb medicine as a curative medicine appeared to be significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'thirties of age', 'resident in a town or village', 'above college graduate', 'professional technician', 'Christian', and 'the upper class'. 4. 52.1% of the respondents satisfied with the effect of herb medicine. The groups of 'male', 'older age', 'residents in a big city', 'insurant in company', and 'the employed' showed significantly high rate in satisfying with herb medicine than the other groups. 5. According to the reason for preferring herb medicine, 36.7% of the respondents preferred herb medicine because the herb medicine was effective, while 27.8% preferred it because its side effect was low. 16.7% preferred it. because persons around them recommended it. The preference for the herb medicine displayed significantly higher rate in the groups 'sixties of age', 'the unmarried', 'resident in a big city', 'office clerk', and 'the lower class'. 6. 42.6% of the respondents did not want to take the herb medicine because the price of the herb medicine was high. Also 20.6% of the respondents did not want to take herb medicine because it is uneasy to take herb medicine. 15.8% did not want to take it because certain foods should not be taken during the period of taking it. 9.4% did not want to take it because it tasted bitter. 7. In case of opinions on side effects of herb medicine, 40.8% of the respondents thinks that herb medicine is free from side effects, while 37.5% thinks that it causes side effects. There were significant difference in the opinions on side effects by sex, age, marital status, resident area, education level, occupation, and type of health insurance. 8. 60.7% of the respondents thinks the price of herb medicine is not resonable, while only 10.9% thinks it is resonable. 9. 14.2% of the respondents thinks health foods which contain herbs are good, while 16.8% thinks it is bad. 76.7% thinks that medicinal herbs in packages must be included in health insurance coverage, while only 3.0% thinks it needs not be included in health insurance coverage. 10. 45.2% of the respondents uses packs of decocted herbs although they think the packs of decocted herb are a little low effective because decocting herbs in home is bothersome. 45.2% uses packs of decocted herbs because they are convenient, being not related to the effect. 7.6% takes medicinal herbs after decocting them in a clay pot because they think the packs of decocted herbs have low effect. 11. According to the level of satisfaction with Oriental medical care, the respondents marked $3.47{\pm}0.64$ points on the base of 5 points. It was significantly higher in the groups of 'male', 'the married, resident in a big city', 'highschool graduate', 'the unemployed', 'office clerk', 'growing up in a big city', 'insurant in region', and 'the middle class'. 12. According to the result of a regression analysis of factors influencing preference for herb medicine, the factors displayed significant difference by sex, age, education level, health status, and times of receiving Oriental medical care. As shown in the above results, the community residents satisfy with the effect of herb medicine. Therefore, the method of taking herb medicine without difficulty must be devised. The medicinal herbs in packages need to be included in health insurance coverage and resonable price of herb medicine must be set. Also, education program for community residents must be developed in order to provide right information in herb medicine. Therefore, related public authority, associations, and professionals must make efforts, forming organic cooperative system.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.131-154
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• 2000

This study was conducted to provide basic data for development of public information program and public policy which could prevent the medicine abuse in Korea, examining the level of knowledge of medicine and its related factors. Data were collected from the 2,011 residents who live in mtropolitan cities, large-sized cities, small and medium cities, and small towns The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) In case of purchasing of medicines in pharmacy, 67.3％ of the respondents chose the medicines through recommendations of the professionals such as pharmacists and doctors, while 32.7％ of the respondents chose the medicine through self-judgement, advertizing, or recommendation of relative. 2) 64.7％ of the respondents obtained the information on medicines through TV. It appeared to be higher in the groups of female of the twenties, the unmarred, a brother and sister threesome, highschool graduates, housewives, residents in small and medium cities, atheists, and the middle class, displaying the significant difference from the other groups. 3) 40.5％ of the respondents recognized the side effect of the medicine when they took the medicine, while 34.4％ did not recognize it. The rate of experience in the side effect was 39.7％. The informations on the medicine abuse and the risk of addiction were obtained through broadcast media (47.9％), publications (12.1％), and health professionals (11.6％). 4) 81.1％ of the respondents experienced taking of the fatigue relieving medicine. The experience in taking of the fatigue relieving medicine appeared to be higher in the groups of the forties. the married. a brother and sister threesome. highschool graduates. persons engaging in farming, livestock raising, and forestry, the residents in small towns, and Christians. Each group displayed the significant difference from the other groups. 5) According to the level of knowledge of medicines, the respondents marked average 11.7 ± 3.76 points on the base of 24 points. It appeared to be higher in the groups of female of the twenties, a brother and sister foursome, college graduates, teachers, Catholics, and the middle class, displays the significant difference from the other groups. 6) According to the experience in taking of health medicine and health food, 81.1％ of respondents had the experience in taking ‘the fatigue relieving medicine’; 72.4％ ‘carrot or vegetable juice’; 69.5％ ‘ginseng’; 63.0％ ‘mushroom’; 42.5％ ‘dog meat’; 38.0％ ‘aloe’; 36.4 ‘deer antlers’; 11.4％ ‘snake’; 2.0％ ‘the penis of a fur seal’. 7) The factors influencing the level of knowledge of medicine include experiences in taking of the tonic, the fatigue relieving medicine, and the nutritive medicine, economic status, the number of brothers and sisters, education level, marital status, father's education level, and age. The factors influencing the experience in side effect of medicine are experiences in taking of the fatigue relieving medicine, the nutritive medicine, and the tonic, sex, age, education level, father's education level, marital status, economic status, religion, and the number of brothers and sisters. In conclusion, it is estimated that the level of knowledge of medicines is significantly low in Korea. Especially, it is found out that workmen, students, the upper class, the class of low education level, and persons engaging in farming, livestock raising, and forestry neglect importance of knowledge of medicine. Therefore, it is necessary for public authority, associations related, and health professionals to develop programs for public information and education to help people obtain basic knowledge of medicine.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권8호
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• pp.211-222
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• 2020

본 연구는 남·녀 655명을 대상으로 설문조사하여 얻은 자료를 분석한 실증연구로 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전반적으로 불륜에 대한 인식은 부정적인 편이지만, 약 16.4%의 응답자들은 긍정적인 인식을 갖고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 둘째, 본인의 외도에 비해 배우자의 외도에 보다 비판적인 인식을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 결혼여부와 상관없이 불륜에 대해 덜 비판적일 수록 본인의 혼외관계를 더 많이 용인하고, 배우자의 혼외관계를 용인하지 않는 현상이 뚜렷하였다. 넷째, 미혼집단은 배우자외도 불용인이 혼외성관계 개방성에 부적(negatively)효과를 미쳤고, 기혼집단에서는 본인외도 용인이 혼외성관계 개방성에 정적효과를 미쳤다. 다섯째, 미혼집단은 '불륜인식은 '혼외성관계 개방성'에 직접효과를 미치지 않았지만, '배우자 외도 불용인'을 완전매개로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀져 결혼상태의 조절효과가 입증되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.50-62
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• 1991

The purposes of this study were to identify causal factors of Anxiety and to analyze correlation between perceived family support and anxiety in hemiplegic patients. The subjects of this study were 88 hospitalized hemiplegic patients at Kyung - Hee Oriental medicine Hospital. Data were collected by using interview with questionaire from Jan. 15 to Mar, 31, 1990. The measurement tools used by this researcher were Kang's family support scale, Spielberger's trait anxiety scale and the other anxiety scale which was developed by this researcher, approved it's reliability and validity. For the purposes of the study, the collected data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA and the hypothesis was tested by pearson correlation, partial correlation. The results of the study were as follow. 1) The analysis of causal factor of anxiety higher anxiety these three cases ; \circled1 1st causal factor was the delayed recovery of paralyzed upper limbs(2.42$\pm$1.27). \circled2 End causal factor was the dysfunction of physical ability(2.30$\pm$1.29). \circled3 3rd causal factor was difficulty for walking(2.30$\pm$0.83) and the anxiety level(2.02$\pm$0.83) of physical factor was the highest level than any other factors. 2) The hypothesis that the more perceived family support level is the less anxiety level of patient was supported(r＝-.29, p＝.003). 3) The analysis of the general characteristics exerting influences on anxiety level patients ; (sex, age, marrital status, religious, education level, occupation, economic status, experience of hospitalization, care giver, the period of hospitalizatiot side of paralysis). In this analysis, any factor has not a statistical significance.(p＞.05). 4) The analysis of the relationship about effective factors of family support level by the general characteristics of patient (sex, age, marrital status, religious, education level, occupation, economic status, experience of hospitalization, care giver, the period of hospitalization, side of paralysis). In this analysis, there was significant difference on perceived family support between married and bereaved patients(t＝-2.68, p＝ .009) As a result of this study, anxiety level of physical factor was higher than any other factors (psychological factor, social factor) and the delayed recovery of paralyzed upper limbs is the largest causal factor of anxiety of physical factor. Meanwhile, the relationship between the degree of family support and the level of anxiety was negatively correlated but the degree of relationship was low. Therefore, one can infer from this study that sufficient information about recovery of physical problems and family support were effective in preventing and reducing anxiety in hemiplegic patient.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 교대근무 간호사의 운동행위변화단계에 미치는 융합적 영향요인을 분석하는데 있다. 연구대상자는 병원에 근무하는 교대근무 간호사로 연구의 목적을 이해하고 연구에 참여할 것을 동의한 120명의 간호사이다. 연구 자료는 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, t-test, $X^2$ test, 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 교대근무 간호사의 운동행위변화단계에 유의한 영향을 미치는 요인은 운동 동기(${\beta}=2.480$, p=.022), 건강상태 지각(${\beta}=1.151$, p=.013), 사회적지지(${\beta}=1.819$, p=.002)와 결혼유무(${\beta}=-1.820$, p=.004)로 나타났다. 즉, 운동행위 변화가 있는 대상자가 운동행위 변화가 없는 대상자에 비해 운동 동기가 11.9배 높고, 건강상태 지각은 3.1배 높았으며 사회적 지지는 6.1배, 미혼인 대상자는 기혼인 대상자에 비해 .16배 높았다. 그러므로 교대근무간호사의 운동행위 변화단계에 영향을 미치는 요인이 운동동기와 사회적지지, 건강상태 지각인 점을 고려하여 지속적이고 규칙적인 운동을 실천하기 위한 전략을 개발하는 것이 중요하다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of sexual adjustment and quality of life in married men with spinal cord injuries and to furnish primary data to sexuality rehabilitation nursing practice which can lead to ideal sexual life and quality of life those men with SCI. Seventy married men with SCI were conveniently sampled in Kwangju, Suncheon, Mokpo and Seoul for responding the questionnaire, which was based on this research. With the research scale, SIS (Sexual interest and satisfaction) by Siosteen et al.(1990) and SB(Sexual behaviour) by Kreuter et al.(1996) were used for the measurement of sexual adjustment. And, for measuring quality of life was used SCI QL-23(Spinal cord injury of life-23) scale by Lundqvist et al.(1997). Data were collected from January 20 to March 20, 1999, using a structured questionnaire. A hundred volumes of questionnaire were used. and 85 volumes were collected, 70 volumes were used as research data after excluding 15 volumes unsuitable to data analysis. The obtain data were analysed using percentage, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation by SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sexual interest and satisfaction of the subjects was 8.42. out of 18. The ways of their sexual behavior after spinal cord injuries were embracing and caressing (62.9%), kissing(58.6%), caressing breast with hands (55.7%), caressing breast with hands (52.9%), caressing genitals with hands (37.2%), caressing genitals with mouth(30.0%) and sexual intercourse (18.6%). The mean score of quality of life was 52.53 out of 100. 2. Age(F=3.24, p=.045) and caregiver (F=4.02, p=.022)were major variables which reveals significant differences in terms for sexual interest and satisfaction. The later results on Duncan's test showed that subjects who were in their 30s or 40s were significant higher than subjects whose age were in their 50s in their sexual interest and satisfaction. Also subjects with their spouse's care or mother's care were higher than those with other's care. 3. Subjects with incomplete paraplegia were higher than those with the complete paraplegia in sexual interest and satisfaction (F=3.01, p=.036). 4. Variables that showed the significant differences in the quality of life were education(t=2.860, p=.007) and period of marriage(t=2.125, p=.037). and occupational status(t=-2.161, p=.034). High school graduates, those who married before spinal cord injuries and those who didn't have occupation were higher than the other subjects. 5. Variables that revealed significant differences in the quality of life were time passage after spinal cord injuries(F=8.72, p=.001) and injured level of spinal cord(F=3.32, p=.042). Duncan's test showed that subjects who had lived for less than 4 years were higher those with time passage of 5-9 years and 10 years. Also subjects with lumbar injuries were higher than those with thoracic injuries in terms of quality of life. 6. There was negatively correlated between sexual interest and satisfaction and quality of life(r=-.256, p<.05). As a result of these findings sexuality rehabilitation for individuals with SCI was very important issue for their quality of life. Thus, registered nurses who care clients with SCI should activily participate in the client's sexual needs. Also, various sexual behaviors as well as sexual intercourse should be encouraged for the sexual adjustment of client's with SCI.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.260-273
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• 2010

이 연구는 경상북도 경주지역의 20세 이상 기혼 여성들을 대상으로 결혼관, 자녀 출산 관, 저 출산에 대한 인식과 성선호도 및 성비 불균형에 대한 인식도를 분석하고, 성선별 강요 경험률과 남아 출산에 대한 강요와 인위적 성선별 출산 의도와의 관련성 및 저 출산과 성 선호와 관련된 요인을 분석하고자 시행하였다. 경주시의 25개 읍 면 동 중 도시지역과 농촌지역 각각 4개 동과 5개 읍.면지역을 임의로 추출한 453명의 연구대상자를 대상으로 2005년 12월부터 2006년 2월까지 조사를 시행하였으며, 392명에 대하여 조사를 완료하였으며 이 중 불완전한 설문조사를 제외한 348명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 결혼에 대한 인식의 경우 연령과 유의한 관련성이 있었는데(p<0.01), 연령이 높을수록 결혼은 '반드시 해야 한다'라고 응답한 비율이 높아졌다. 자녀 출산에 관한 인식은 연령(p<0.01), 거주 지역(p<0.01), 그리고 교육수준(p<0.05)과 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 자녀의 수의 제한 없다는 가정 하에 아들 또는 딸에 대한 성 선호에 대한 응답은 연령(p<0.05) 및 직업 유무(p<0.01)와 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 이상적인 자녀의 수로는 49세 이하는 '2명'이 34.8%로 가장 많았고, 50-69세 군과 70세 이상군에서는 '4명'이 각각 35.4%, 33.7%였다. 출생성비 불균형에 대한 인식은 경제상태(p<0.01) 및 직업 유무(p<0.01)와 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 저 출산 원인의 경우 모든 연령군에서 '경제적 부담'이 가장 중요한 요인으로 생각하였다. 자녀가 한명일 경우의 남아 선호 여부를 종속변수로 하여 49세 이하의 군과 50-69세, 70세 이상의 군으로 구분하여 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 시행한 결과, 49세 이하에서는 주관적 경제상태(p<0.01)와 거주 지역(p<0.05)이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였으며, 50-69세에서는 교육수준(p<0.05), 거주 지역(p<0.01)이 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수였으나, 70세 이상에서는 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수가 없었다. 출산순위가 낮은 출생아의 성선별에 대한 홍보와 더불어 소 자녀관을 개선시키는 것을 국가 정책과 홍보의 우선과제로 하는 것이 필요하고, 직장생활과 결혼, 출산 등을 연계하여 인식하고 있고, 사회활동을 통한 개인의 성취를 중요하게 생각하는 경향이 가속화 될 것이 때문에 결혼과 자녀의 출산 등이 직장생활에 장애요인으로 작용하지 않도록 하는 정책과 사회적 배려가 필요한 것이다.

• 대한간호
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.77-96
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• 1997

The duty shifts of hospital nurses not only affect nurses' physical and mental health but also present various personnel management problems which often result in high turnover rates. In this context a study was carried out from October to November 1995 for a period of two months to find out the status of hospital nurses' duty shift patterns, and preferred duty hours and fixed duty shifts. The study population was 867 RNs working in five general hospitals located in Seoul and its vicinity. The questionnaire developed by the writer was used for data collection. The response rate was 85.9 percent or 745 returns. The SAS program was used for data analysis with the computation of frequencies, percentages and Chi square test. The findings of the study are as follows: 1. General characteristics of the study population: 56 percent of respondents was (25 years group and 76.5 percent were "single": the predominant proportion of respondents was junior nursing college graduates(92.2%) and have less than 5 years nursing experience in hospitals(65.5%). For their future working plan in nursing profession, nearly 50% responded as uncertain The reasons given for their career plan was predominantly 'personal growth and development' rather than financial reasons. 2. The interval for rotations of duty stations was found to be mostly irregular(56.4%) while others reported as weekly(16.1%), monthly(12.9%), and fixed terms(4.6%). 3. The main problems related to duty shifts particularly the evening and night duty nurses reported were "not enough time for the family, " "afraid of security problems after the work when returning home late at night." and "lack of leisure time". "problems in physical and physiological adjustment." "problems in family life." "lack of time for interactions with fellow nurses" etc. 4. The forty percent of respondents reported to have '1-2 times' of duty shift rotations while all others reported that '0 time'. '2-3 times'. 'more than 3 times' etc. which suggest the irregularity in duty shift rotations. 5. The majority(62.8%) of study population found to favor the rotating system of duty stations. The reasons for favoring the rotation system were: the opportunity for "learning new things and personal development." "better human relations are possible. "better understanding in various duty stations." "changes in monotonous routine job" etc. The proportion of those disfavor the rotating 'system was 34.7 percent. giving the reasons of"it impedes development of specialization." "poor job performances." "stress factors" etc. Furthermore. respondents made the following comments in relation to the rotation of duty stations: the nurses should be given the opportunity to participate in the. decision making process: personal interest and aptitudes should be considered: regular intervals for the rotations or it should be planned in advance. etc. 6. For the future career plan. the older. married group with longer nursing experiences appeared to think the nursing as their lifetime career more likely than the younger. single group with shorter nursing experiences ($x^2=61.19.{\;}p=.000;{\;}x^2=41.55.{\;}p=.000$). The reason given for their future career plan regardless of length of future service, was predominantly "personal growth and development" rather than financial reasons. For further analysis, the group those with the shorter career plan appeared to claim "financial reasons" for their future career more readily than the group who consider the nursing job as their lifetime career$(x^2$= 11.73, p=.003) did. This finding suggests the need for careful .considerations in personnel management of nursing administration particularly when dealing with the nurses' career development. The majority of respondents preferred the fixed day shift. However, further analysis of those preferred evening shift by age and civil status, "< 25 years group"(15.1%) and "single group"(13.2) were more likely to favor the fixed evening shift than > 25 years(6.4%) and married(4.8%)groups. This differences were statistically significant ($x^2=14.54, {\;}p=.000;{\;}x^2=8.75, {\;}p=.003$). 7. A great majority of respondents(86.9% or n=647) found to prefer the day shifts. When the four different types of duty shifts(Types A. B. C, D) were presented, 55.0 percent of total respondents preferred the A type or the existing one followed by D type(22.7%). B type(12.4%) and C type(8.2%). 8. When the condition of monetary incentives for the evening(20% of salary) and night shifts(40% of. salary) of the existing duty type was presented. again the day shift appeared to be the most preferred one although the rate was slightly lower(66.4% against 86.9%). In the case of evening shift, with the same incentive, the preference rates for evening and night shifts increased from 11.0 to 22.4 percent and from 0.5 to 3.0 percent respectively. When the age variable was controlled. < 25 yrs group showed higher rates(31.6%. 4.8%) than those of > 25 yrs group(15.5%. 1.3%) respectively preferring the evening and night shifts(p=.000). The civil status also seemed to operate on the preferences of the duty shifts as the single group showed lower rate(69.0%) for day duty against 83. 6% of the married group. and higher rates for evening and night duties(27.2%. 15.1%) respectively against those of the married group(3.8%. 1.8%) while a higher proportion of the married group(83. 6%) preferred the day duties than the single group(69.0%). These differences were found to be statistically all significant(p=.001). 9. The findings on preferences of three different types of fixed duty hours namely, B, C. and D(with additional monetary incentives) are as follows in order of preference: B type(12hrs a day, 3days a wk): day shift(64.1%), evening shift(26.1%). night shift(6.5%) C type(12hrs a day. 4days a wk) : evening shift(49.2%). day shift(32.8%), night shift(11.5%) D type(10hrs a day. 4days a wk): showed the similar trend as B type. The findings of higher preferences on the evening and night duties when the incentives are given. as shown above, suggest the need for the introductions of different patterns of duty hours and incentive measures in order to overcome the difficulties in rostering the nursing duties. However, the interpretation of the above data, particularly the C type, needs cautions as the total number of respondents is very small(n=61). It requires further in-depth study. In conclusion. it seemed to suggest that the patterns of nurses duty hours and shifts in the most hospitals in the country have neither been tried for different duty types nor been flexible. The stereotype rostering system of three shifts and insensitiveness for personal life aspect of nurses seemed to be prevailing. This study seems to support that irregular and frequent rotations of duty shifts may be contributing factors for most nurses' maladjustment problems in physical and mental health. personal and family life which eventually may result in high turnover rates. In order to overcome the increasing problems in personnel management of hospital nurses particularly in rostering of evening and night duty shifts, which may related to eventual high turnover rates, the findings of this study strongly suggest the need for an introduction of new rostering systems including fixed duties and appropriate incentive measures for evenings and nights which the most nurses want to avoid, In considering the nursing care of inpatients is the round-the clock business. the practice of the nursing duty shift system is inevitable. In this context, based on the findings of this study. the following are recommended: 1. The further in-depth studies on duty shifts and hours need to be undertaken for the development of appropriate and effective rostering systems for hospital nurses. 2. An introduction of appropriate incentive measures for evening and night duty shifts along with organizational considerations such as the trials for preferred duty time bands, duty hours, and fixed duty shifts should be considered if good quality of care for the patients be maintained for the round the clock. This may require an initiation of systematic research and development activities in the field of hospital nursing administration as a part of permanent system in the hospital. 3. Planned and regular intervals, orientation and training, and professional and personal growth should be considered for the rotation of different duty stations or units. 4. In considering the higher degree of preferences in the duty type of "10hours a day, 4days a week" shown in this study, it would be worthwhile to undertake the R&D type studies in large hospital settings.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.133-146
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to clarify whether there are any differences between normal and over-weight adults in their perceived weight, health status, health conception and health promoting behavior. The sample consisted of 238 normal weight and 106 over-weight(11% above on the Body Index Scale) adults, more than 20 years-old, who live in Seoul metropolitan. One participant per household was selected for conveneience. The findings from this study are summarized below. 1) Among 106 overweight adults, 30 were above 20% on the Body Index Scale and 11 were above 30%. Twenty-one(19.8%) of the overweight group and 34(14.4%) of the normal weight group had one disease, and there were 30(28.3%) in the overweight group and 46(19.6%) in the normal weight group where one of the family members had a disease, but these differences were not statistically significant. The average monthly family income for the overweight group was \2,220,000 compared to \2,070,000 for the normal weight group, and this difference was statistically significant. The age range for the whole group was between 20 and 74(mean=35.6 for total, 39.4 for overweight and 34.0 for normal weight group). Again significant difference was found. Occupations were salaryman(57.6%), teacher(7.4%), student(5.4%) and others(27.3%). Fifty-six salaryman(70.0%) from the overweight group and 92(52.0%) from the normal group did not consitute a statistically significant different. For the educational status, 90(87.5%) of the overweight adults and 222(93.7%) of the normal weight group finished high school or more educational courses, and there was significant statistical difference. Ninety-two(86.8%) of the overweights and 156(65.5%) of the normal weight group were married, and again significant statistical difference was found. 2) A test for difference in health characteristics between the two weight groups indicated that two groups did not show statistical differences in their perceived health status, health conception or health promoting behavior. That is, the overweight group also perceive their health status as good as the normal group, and regard 'Health' as a state that enables them to carry out social roles and functions rather than as the traditional concept of health as no disease or no symptoms. Both group showed slightly high level of health promoting behavior. To determine if no statistical difference might be related to the overweight group's failure of perceive themselves as overweight, the perceived and objective overweight status were compared by the Pearson Correlation Analysis, and a strong corelationship was found(r=.76, p=.000). That is, if participants perceived themselves as overweighted, they thought and replied to be got more weight comparing to the other person who are in same age and sex. However, 43(18.1%) of the normal group perceived themselves as being overweight and 28(26.4%) of the overweight group thought they were of normal weight. Even though the overweight group employed in this study perceived themselves as being overweight, they regarded themselves as healthy as those in the normal weight group. It was shown that there was no statistical difference between the two groups in health conception, health status and health promoting behavior. 3) Perceived health conception was shown to be significantly related to health promoting behavior(r=.20, p=.004 for whole group ; r=.27, p=.009 for overweight group ; and r=.21, p=.001 for normal group). It means that in both group the higher perceived health conception level, the more frequent health promoting behavior. And, perceived health status was also shown to be significantly related to health promoting behavior(r=.16, p=.000) as a whole and especially for overweight group(r=.24, p=.018), but no significant relationship for normal group(r=.08, p=.620). 4) By means of multiple regression analysis, health conception, perceived health status, age, sex and marital status provided predicted 15.18% on health promoting behavior.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between the head nurses' leadership style the and the autonomy perceived by nurses and to provide the basic data for developing strategies of the effective nurse staff management. The subjects were 177 nurses who were working at the 3 general hospitals in Seoul. The data were collected from December 1999 to January 2000 by the structured questionnaires. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with $SPSS-PC^+$ version 8.0 were used. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The score of 'the head nurses' transformational leadership perceived by nurses' was highier than that of 'the head nurses' transactional leadership'. Among 5 subdimensions of 'the leadership styles perceived by nurse', the scores of the 'charisma' and 'intellectual stimulation' were highest and the lowest one was that of 'extra management'. 2. Only 'the head nurses' transformational leadership perceived nurses' and 'the situatuational reward' showed a significant difference according to the married status ; nurses who were married showed higher scores than who were not. 3. 'The autonomy perceived by nurses' showed a significant difference according to the educational background ; nurses who had master degree showed higher score than who had diploma. 4. 'Charisma' was positively related to 'intellectual stimulation', 'individual consideration', and 'situational reward'. 'Intellectual stimulation' was positively related to 'individual consideration' and 'situational reward'. 'Individual consideration' was positively related to 'situational reward'. But 'extra management' was negatively related to all of variables. 'Autonomy' was significantly related to 'individual consideration' and 'the transformational leadership'. 5. The determinents of 'the autonomy perceived by nurses' were 'individual consideration' and the educational background, and they explained 15.4% of the total variance of it. The key determinent variables was 'individual consideration'. It explained 11.5% of the total variance of the autonomy. According to the results of this study, the suggestions were as follows: 1. It is necessary to develop strategies for exercising the head nurses' transformational leadership in nursing department : It should to be considered the difference in the leadership style perceived by nurses according to demographic variables. 2. The further studys on the individual consideration of head nurses' transformational leadership and the opportunity of self-development such as education for enhancing nurses' autonomy is needed.