• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.511-521
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to research the effects of the same brand item sold online at different prices. To that end, the exploratory study is focused on four factors that influence price dispersion online is suggested. First, the products are divided into utilitarian products and hedonic products in line with the product concept, and laptops, washing machines are included in the utility concept products. Also the backpacks and sneakers are included in the hedonic concept products. A total of 400 effective objectives were selected and analyzed for each concept products, 200 objectives. The research analysis revealed that the price dispersion is significant relationship with an average price, the highest price, the lowest price, the year of release, the number of retailers, and the number of reviews in case of the utility concept product. On the contrary, in case of hedonic concept products, average price, highest price, lowest price, year of release, retailer, and reviews and ratings is found to be positively related to price dispersion. Based on these results, theoretical and practical implications are discussed about the influence price dispersion on marketing.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.397-404
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• 2015

Purpose: To investigate consumer satisfaction of foreigners with eye-wear products in Korea. Methods: Foreigners (n=106, United State/Canada, Japan, China, or other Asia) who have purchased the products at optical shops in Korea, were volunteered. Satisfaction factors were categorized into 6 divisions (products, price, vision correction, facilities, kindless, description). Results: The most frequently purchased products were eye-glasses (62%) and sunglasses (25%) by foreigners at Korea's optical shops. Quality satisfaction of the products was higher to Chinese and other Asians than to American, Canadian and Japanese. Price satisfaction was higher to Japanese, American, and Canadian than to Chinese and other Asians. Vision correction and facilities satisfaction were appeared relatively low from American and Canadian. Product descriptions and kindness were, in general, lower than other categories to all nationalities. Conclusions: Satisfaction about eyewear were significantly different depending on the nationality of the foreigner. Based on the various categories of the consumer satisfaction, ethnically customized marketing strategy would be possible to foreigners who stays in Korea.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.41-49
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• 2015

Purpose - Universities are placing a greater emphasis on relationship management as a source of competitive advantage due to increasingly competitive environments and social changes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationships among education service quality, relationship quality, and relationship performance from the perspective of service distribution. In other words, this study is focused on the role of education service quality with regard to relationship management. In this study, education service quality is divided into lecture, job assistance, student-faculty interaction, student-student interaction, facility welfare, and scholarship welfare quality components; relationship quality is composed of satisfaction and commitment; and relationship performance is divided into recommendation and defection intentions. Research design, data, and methodology - This study aims to identify how the various elements of education service quality affect satisfaction. Further, it aims to test the relationships among satisfaction, commitment, recommendation intentions, and defection intentions. Distribution and marketing students were randomly selected for the experiment. Out of the 380 administered questionnaires, a total of 361 respondents provided complete and usable data. The sample consisted of 232 males (64.3%) and 129 females (35.7%). The variables of the proposed model were measured through assessments that were measured on a 5-point Likert scale. Using Lisrel 8.7, a structural model was analyzed and the path coefficients were estimated. Results - The overall fit of the model was acceptable (χ2=1121.8 (df=603, P=0.00), GFI=0.967, NFI=0.974, CFI=0.981, RMR=0.021). The results generally supported the hypothesized relationships of the proposed model, except for Hypothesis 1. First, lecture, job assistance, student-faculty interaction, student-student interaction, and facility welfare quality were revealed to have positive effects on satisfaction. In particular, lecture and facility welfare quality had the strongest effects on satisfaction. However, scholarship welfare quality did not significantly affect satisfaction; this means that Hypothesis 3-2 was not supported. Second, satisfaction was positively related to commitment and recommendation intentions but it was negatively related to defection intentions. Third, commitment was positively related to recommendation intentions but it was negatively related to defection intentions. Conclusions - This study emphasizes the influence of education service quality on satisfaction in the long-term. In addition, this research has the following implications for university relationship management. First, the findings suggest that the various dimensions of education service quality have differing effects on satisfaction. In particular, lecture and facility welfare quality are found to be the most important factors in increasing the level of satisfaction. Therefore, university managers need to prioritize enhancing lecture quality and upgrading educational facilities. Second, satisfaction also improves through job assistance systems and opportunities for social interactions. Therefore, university managers should reinforce their job skills programs and should provide opportunities for social relationships to develop. Finally, it is important for university managers to take a relationship approach to maximizing relationship performance. Therefore, university managers should work to increase student recommendations and prevent their defections based on satisfaction and commitment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.286-299
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• 2017

The Korean performing arts has been facing stagnation due to oversupply, lack of effective distribution system, and insufficient business models. In order to overcome these difficulties, it is necessary to improve the efficiency and accuracy of marketing by using more objective market data, and to secure audience development and loyalty. This study considers the viewpoint that 'Big Data' could provide more general and accurate statistics and could ultimately promote tailoring services for performances. We examine the first case of Big Data analysis conducted by a credit card company as well as Big Data's characteristics, analytical techniques, and the theoretical background of performing arts consumer analysis. The purpose of this study is to identify the meaning and limitations of the analysis case on performing arts by Big Data and to overcome these limitations. As a result of the case study, incompleteness of credit card data for performance buyers, limits of verification of existing theory, low utilization, consumer propensity and limit of analysis of purchase driver were derived. In addition, as a solution to overcome these problems, it is possible to identify genre and performances, and to collect qualitative information, such as prospectors information, that can identify trends and purchase factors.combination with surveys, and purchase motives through mashups with social data. This research is ultimately the starting point of how the study of performing arts consumers should be done in the Big Data era and what changes should be sought. Based on our research results, we expect more concrete qualitative analysis cases for the development of audiences, and continue developing solutions for Big Data analysis and processing that accurately represent the performing arts market.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.89-99
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• 2012

Purpose - Mobile devices, especially mobile terminals capable of telecommunication and wireless connectivity, are leading the advancements in consumer electronics. Digital convergence drives the functions of various devices, such as cellular phones, MP3 players, personal digital assistants, and gaming, into a single device. This trend would continue and applications such as digital audio and video streaming (including personalized content delivery mechanisms) would soon be on a handheld device. As customers want mobile convergence devices, manufacturers are driving new initiatives in the emerging mobile device market. Given the roles played by device design and service content in user satisfaction of a mobile convergence device, this study focuses on identifying and measuring the constructs for the process by which user satisfaction is achieved. This study synthesizes the expectation-disconfirmation paradigm with empirical theories in user satisfaction. Device and service levels are separated, and nine key constructs for user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices are proposed. Insight into this process could help web-based businesses to improve user satisfaction, thus enhancing the effectiveness of e-commerce for sellers and buyers. Research design, data, methodology - This study draws on three users of mobile convergence devices as examples. To test there search model and hypotheses, survey questionnaires were sent to 607 mobile device users. Mobile device users were initially identified from several members, and subjects were randomly drawn. Data from 577 survey responses were finally analyzed. The unit of measurement and analysis in this research study is at a personal level. Results - The measurements for the constructs were developed and tested in a two-phase study. In the first phase, the device and service dimensions were identified, and instruments for measuring them were developed and tested. In the second phase, using the salient dimensions of the device and service as the formulating first-order factors, instruments were developed and empirically tested to measure satisfaction of the device and service. In measuring satisfaction of mobile convergence devices, the critical tasks are to identify the key constructs of such user satisfaction and to develop validated instruments to measure them. Hence, the results of this study have immediate implications for businesses and for research in user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices. Conclusions - This study provides reliable instruments for operationalizing key constructs in the analysis of user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices within the expectation-disconfirmation paradigm. Hence, convergence device makers will be able to examine whether their websites meet their customers' expectations by examining the device aspect of the mobile convergence device customers, and the service aspect expectations and disconfirmation. Moreover, the introduction of expectation and disconfirmation constructs brings the marketing aspect of convergence devices into focus for such retailers, an aspect crucial to the effective design of websites for online businesses. In addition,this study provides the metrics required to initiate future studies on user satisfaction of mobile convergence devices.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.541-549
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• 2015

Research about U.S. and European countries demonstrated that startups and young firms account for nearly all net job creation. If we want to bring down unemployment and to increase economic growth rate, we need to create new companies and to make them to grow. Credit availability is one of the most important factors for entrepreneurs as they attempt to start or expand a business. For young firms, access to credit for business growth can mean the difference between survival and failure. Equity crowdfunding is an innovative means of raising capital for businesses. Crowdfunding campaigns can give new business access to a large pool of investors. This brings huge benefits for marketing and increase provability of success of business and ROI, so it leads follow-on investment from Venture Capital and Angel investors. In Korea, the survival rate of startups and average growth rate of survivors is far lower than those of the U.S or other countries due to lack of funds for startup or early business growth. Equity crowdfunding can be a new funding source for venture or startups. It can increase startup and survival rate, in addition to the growth rate of survivors, resulting in decreased unemployment rate. In Korea, Equity crowdfunding will be available from 2016. Further study is needed to determine whether the impact of crowdfunding in Korea on job creation will be similar to its impact in the U.S.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.46-56
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• 2019

This study aimed to understand the value pursued when consuming performances for classical music performance audiences, to identify the difference in influence by type, and to expand into the base of academic research focusing on audiences who are consumers in classical music performances, which was the existing supplier-centered. Also, this study tried to verify the effect of consumption value on flow and satisfaction. and we aimed to prove whether consumption value leads to re-spectating intention through structural relationship. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on the audience who watched classical music performances within one year by applying consumption value theory, and the analysis was conducted using smartPLS 3.0. As a result, functional value and emotional value had an effect on flow. The second one is that functional value had a positive effect on satisfaction. The third fact is that social value had a negative effect. Overall, the structural relationship between flow, satisfaction, and re-spectating intention had a strong effect on each other. Implications of this study are that the market characteristics and current status of classical music performances were examined, and that an effective marketing strategy to increase the re-spectator rate was sought by finding out the factors of audience's consumption value that affect viewing satisfaction.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.540-562
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• 2014

Although the impact of technological partner selection on the success of technological alliance is critical, little attention has been paid to the area of technological alliance partner selection criteria and the relationship between partner selection criteria and success factors of alliance. This study bridges this gap by understanding previous studies of general alliance partner selection criteria such as marketing, international, logistics and production alliances. I drew technological alliance partner selection criteria using AHP method with 12 experts who are currently in charge of technological alliance activities at Korean Venture Companies. This study found 4 criteria such as 'task-related', 'partner-related', 'learning-related', 'risk-related' criteria with 14 items and the relative importance of technological alliance partner selection showed as follows: 'risk-related', 'learning-related', 'partner-related', 'task-related' criteria. In order to test the relationship between technological partner selection criteria and performance, I used 215 survey data of Korean Venture Companies. The results showed that 'partner-related' and 'task-related' criteria had strong positive impacts on the success of technological alliance. Further, I put 4 moderating variables into the study model in order to see their moderating effects. However, no moderating variable showed significant effects. In conclusion section, I discussed the findings and implications of this study and directions for future studies.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.613-622
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• 2007

Recently, sound design is being made by corporations for the production as well as for marketing and web with consideration of image of productions and attributes to improve corporational image through the design of melody which would remain in users. And sound is becoming an important factor to establish the identity of each area such as life environment and public facilities. At present, our local governments are promoting active business like as CIP to improve urban image but there is a limit to establish identity as the result of its partial focus on visual sense or insufficient recognition about it. Jeonju, the place of sound, has many festivals and great meetings related with sound but it has not identity in the sense of sound. So the purpose of this study is to suggest the condition of sound which has the trait of Jeonju and to provide data for the trait to be used as a necessary element to establish identity in order to activate regional image. For the method of research, sampling Korean beautiful 100 sounds among the natural sounds of residents. most favorite as the samples of sound to search the sound of regional image. Selecting favorite samples among them and analyzed the factors through the questionnaire on the image of adjective in each sample. As the result of analysis, it has been shown that the factor of sound to reveal trait of Jeonju is the image of bright, delight, and cozy with consideration of harmony, dynamics, contrast, and culture. For this study is to provide data so it can be used to actively establish and identify the local image.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.219-224
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• 2011

The health status of three groups of Hanwoo steers (n=157) aged 2-3 years, raised at three different altitudes (600 m, n=50; 200-400 m, n=58; plane land, n=49) and environment with more or less similar management have been evaluated through hematological, biochemical and globulin examinations in order to determine the optimum environment suitable for raising cattle while at the same time minimizing the risk of disease. Five mL of blood samples from each animal were collected by jugular veinipuncture and 2 mL was transferred to a tube containing EDTA for complete blood count (CBC) and 3 mL in lithium heparin for chemistry screening (CS) and immunoassay. Among the CBC parameters a significantly higher white blood cell count (tWBC), total red blood cell count (tRBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV) were noticed in the high altitude groups, whereas those were lower in the plane land group. In the CS parameters higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total bilirubin (TBL) were found in the plane land group, whereas those were lower in the high altitude groups. The total protein (significantly) and globulins were higher in the 600 m group. The results of this study revealed that the overall health status of the Hanwoo cattle based on the hemato-biochemical indices was superior in the highest altitude and inferior in the plane land group but all the parameters were within the reference range in all the groups. Therefore, for recommendation of a suitable environment at an appropriate altitude for raising cattle there need to be further studied along with the hemato-biochemical parameters; considering, breeding, feeding, management, marketing, waste disposal and other factors.