• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.113-121
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• 2017

As the industrial structure of the mobile telecommunications market is transforming into the ICT ecosystem centered on smartphones, the regulatory system conforming to the new ICT environment has become the main subject of discussion in key developed countries. The EU segmented the mobile phone service into wholesale and retail. Simultaneously, the EU appraised mobile telecommunication carriers' market domination in segmented markets to continuously improve the scheme to promote competition in the telecommunications market. In Korea, also, there is discussion about adopting the EU scheme to segment the mobile phone market definition more finely and taking measures to appraise the market domination in accordance with object appraisal criteria. As such, this study analyzes whether the current criteria for appraising the wholesale termination rate market domination under the ICT's domestic mobile telecommunication ecosystem is adequate and presents the rational improvement measures reflecting the theoretically suggested evaluation factors.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

Mobile phone makers compete for market shares through domination in media advertisements. These include domination of advertisements (Ads) in TV and the internet. However, the abundance and complexity of the competitions of Ads in TV does not guarantee advertising success which can influence consumers' emotion and the purchase intention towards the brand. This research analyses the case of a directional model on Attitude-towards-the-Ad model as a baseline into a new proposed correlation models (MacKenzie, Scott, &Lutz, 1989). The survey targets the involvements of Asian smartphone owners' attitude on advertisements, brands and purchase intentions. CFA (Confirmatory factor Analysis) was used in the research experiments, including hypothesis testing, the outcome of model fit which revealed significant levels and were successful. The study revealed that all three paths have consistently high coefficient paths (Attitude to Ads - Attitude to Brands - Purchase Intention), showing significant value of (${\beta}$=>.80), which supported each correlation factors. Therefore, this structural model, could set standards for creative managers and advertising teams to improve the brands visibility and build strong influences on attitudes in advertisements and improve purchase intentions.

• Acta Via Serica
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-24
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• 2019

Bloody wars between Arab Muslims and Khazar Turks in the Caucasus continued for a more than a hundred years from the mid $7^{th}$ century to the end of the $8^{th}$ century CE. The Khazar state survived but had to withdraw from Caucasian Albania, the present territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan. However, the Khazars managed to expand their political control over the trade routes north-east and north-west of the Caucasian ridge. A trade partnership was established between former rival powers in the region that allows us to call the period after the end of the Arab-Khazar wars up to the time of the collapse of the Khazar state in the middle of the 10th century an era of Arab-Khazar partnership and domination of the Silk Road. This article highlights the impact made by geopolitical shifts in the regions of the time upon international trade tracks and particularly on the development of trade facilities, infrastructure, and local production in Azerbaijan, which became a major transit country of goods from the north to markets in the Muslim Near East.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.30-38
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• 2017

The main target to do this analysis is to find out the competitiveness between 2 countries(Korea and USA) in the ship business industry. Ever since free from Japanese empire domination of modern history in Korean peninsular, Korea has been strong relationship with USA almost every fields. The purpose of this research is to realize which country is more competitive between 2 country's trade structure. This research conducted for period from 2000 to 2016. Expecting effect is to learn how to improve ship industry for 2 countries. Research method is used by comparative advantage trade theory. Even though Koran government has been accomplishing trade stimulus environment against USA ship industry, it is research limitation that overseas productions both Korean & USA are not available due to company business strategy. From early 50's, every USA industries hold a dominant position so far. Now, Korea is comparative advantage against that of USA in the field of ship industry. Sound competition relationship is good for both 2 countries for mutual benefits. The future prospect is Korea needs export market diversification to enlarge economic growth in the long run.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.22
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• pp.39-75
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• 2003

This essay begins with the following questions; "What is a fundamental source of media power?" and "How can the media power dominate market?". This essay aims at answering the questions. I made my selection of countries such as Venezuela, Italy and UK for this article with a political economic approach. This analysis found evidence that an enormous conglomerate ownership, and alliance or convergence between media and political power are two fundamental source of the media power. With the integration of newspaper and television the media monopoly increased their supplies and political influences as I have shown. Despite the growing threat of media monopoly power to democracy and public interest, in recent years, governments worldwide have chosen to ease regulations.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.127-153
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• 2010

This study explores the locomotives of the growth in the Korean online shopping industry upon the theoretical basis based on the last 10 years' rapid changing environment. This attempt reveals the counter-arguments against preemtive effects based on the observation of reintermediation process in the online industry. We reviewed the NEBIC model proposed by Wheeler(2002) and propose the growth model, double helix framework based on the dynamic capability view. Furthermore the relevance of the proposed framework was validated with the review of last 10 years' sales and market share data in the online shopping industry. Meanwhile we found the limits of online market growth with the open market domination. So future of the online shopping retailers is depending on the development of the channel functions and merchandising on the basis of self-capability. Based on the tentative conclusion, we also suggest implications for the policy makers. Firstly policy facilitating the specialization of the power sellers incubased in the open market is necessary for the sustainable online market growth. And the establishment of the control tower is suggested to coordinate the consistency of the policies and regulations. And the device of the incentive is also proposed to strengthen the open markets' function to facilitate the small and medium online merchants.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.56
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• pp.71-85
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• 2011

This thesis reviews the process in which the regulation systems against ownership concentration of newspapers established with the opportunity of legislation of the periodical act in 1987 was reinforced as they were all amended to the newspaper act in 2005 and as they were again amended in 2009 it came to confront crisis in the aspect of press law legislation history. The regulation systems against ownership concentration of newspapers established based on the principle of legality of newspaper function in the Clause 3, the Article 21 of Constitution was reinforced as the newspaper act in 2005 and in 2006 they began to shrink following the Constitution Court decision against newspaper act. As newspaper act and broadcast act are revised in 2009, regulation against combining the management of newspapers with broadcast and regulation against owning multiple number of newspapers came not to exist. Because in this process, the opposition party also allowed limited cross-ownership of newspaper and broadcast, it can be said that the system of newspaper ownership regulation confronted the crisis of dissolution. The instruction of regulation alleviation in a short period of time in spite of the fact that regulation alleviation which allows cross-ownership of newspaper and broadcast is the matter of policy that should be decided after long-term review of the change of media environment and the progress of the power of domination of public opinion is dangerous. Newspapers are strong media with terrestrial broadcast in formation of public opinion on politics. It's because it is difficult to ignore the worry that the power of domination of public opinion of the newspapers which are in oligopoly of newspaper public opinion market can be spreaded to the territory of report broadcast. From the point of view that there is probability for democracy to be ultimately threatened due to the shrink of political Darwinism caused by concentration of media ownership, the alleviation of ownership concentration of newspapers should have premise of long-term social discussion.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.174-179
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• 2009

Arterial pulse palpation is an important diagnostic method in Oriental Medicine, particularly for obtaining information about a patient's health conditions or illness, or for confirming a diagnostic conclusion based on the patient's pulsation. The pulse analyzer is both a leading Oriental Medical equipment and a promising tool with such a strong industrial ripple effect that it was selected as one of the four strategic tools for world Oriental Medical instrument market domination at a recent survey. Although various pulse analyzers had been developed, however, most of these were not widely used for clinical diagnosis, due perhaps to lack of the appliance's reliability caused by its inability to reflect the requirements of the clinicians. Thus, in this thesis, the clinical requirements for the pulse analyzer were identified and analyzed by conducting a questionnaire survey among Oriental Medicine clinicians. By looking into the basic functions of a pulse analyzer, the required measurement time, and the medical insurance fee required were determined and among others, the appliance's specific requirements were determined. Moreover, by investigating on the latest patent trend, the technical elements that are needed for the development of a next-generation pulse analyzer were identified. Through these processes, the flow of the technology that must be developed for the pulse analyzer was determined, and the direction for the development of the specific pulse analyzer hardware, sensor, and diagnostic algorithm was identified and proposed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.207-213
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• 2012

ICT industry in Korea was constituted an industry in early 1980's and has been growing more and more since then. In the process of this growth, most of the large ICT companies in Chaebeols has been absorbing in undemocratic economic behaviors. As a result, the sales and the profit of Cheabeols and large companies has been increasing by geometrical progression, but most of small and medium cooperative companies of these big corporations have been eking a scanty existence. And many of them had gone belly up. This article will propose the digital economic democratization as an alternative to overcome the present undemocratic economic situation in the digital economic field and to develop the healthy ICT industry, and to preliminarily study the concept, elements and meaning of the digital economic democratization.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.25-34
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• 2012

Understanding customer' lifestyles important for banks because it will guide in determining marketing policies, such as services, pricing, service delivery and promotion decisions. From the customer' lifestyle, banks will know what kind of customers' attitudes, interests and opinions, so they also will understand what the costumer' needs and what services needed by them. For Islamic banks, customers understanding are important because, nowadays, the competition of the banks is not only with other Islamic banks but also with the well-established conventional banks offering Islamic products or services The aims of this research paper are to describe what factors underline the customer's lifestyle of both Islamic and conventional bank, to segment the bank customers based on their lifestyles and investigate the profile of each segments, to compare the characteristics of the segments, and to identify marketing policies based on the characteristics. The population of the study is banking customers in Indonesia, in which the researchers have used judgment sampling as sample selection. There were 186 customers of Islamic banks and 244 customers of conventional bank as respondents in this study. Statistical methods employed were exploratory factor analysis and cluster analysis. The finding of the study shows that there are twelve factor underlining the customers' lifestyle, namely: factor of fashion conscious, internet usage, sports spectator, financial and technology optimism, price sensitivity, independent, compulsive housekeeper, new brand tryer community activities, opinion leader, credit usage, and homebody. In addition, for Islamic banking, there are two market segments, namely fashionable-independent and innovative-social segment. Based on the lifestyle characteristics, the first segment has higher level in factor of fashion conscious, homebody, independent, optimism and price conscious, which is therefore called fashionable-independent segment. On the other hand, the second cluster has higher level in factor of new brand tryer, community minded, sport spectator, credit user, internet usage, opinion leader, and compulsive housekeeper, which is therefore called the innovative-social segment. Furthermore, for conventional banking, there are also two segments, namely persuasive-optimistic and sensitive-independent segment. The first segment has higher level on some factors, namely: opinion leader, optimism, internet usage rate, credit usage level, sport spectator, and new brand tryer. On the other hand, the second cluster is characterized by higher level in factor of price conscious, confidence, community minded, homebody, fashion conscious, and compulsive housekeeper. Managerial implications for the management of Islamic banks could be identified in this study as follows. Firstly, the twelve lifestyle factors of this study could be an alternative view in observe Islamic banking customers. The domination of both the fashionable conscious and the internet usage factor show that the aspects are quite instrumental in perceiving the customer' lifestyles, in which reflects the importance of these two aspects to customers. Secondly, in serving their customers, Islamic banks need to understand the customer lifestyle, in which the lifestyle segments found in this study provide a guide of how their needs were reflected. Finally, by understanding the segments and the characteristics each segment of the conventional banks, Islamic banks could adjust their marketing strategies differently from the conventional banks.