• 동물자원연구
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.142-149
• /
• 2018

본 연구는 한우 보증씨수소 844두를 출생년도를 기준으로 8개 집단으로 분류하고, 각 개체들의 친자확인용 유전자 마커정보를 농협경제지주 한우개량사업소 홈페이지에서 제공 받아 유전적 다양성 및 구조 변화 분석에 활용하였다. 한우 보증씨수소 전체 집단의 대립유전자수(number of alleles)의 평균은 10.54개, 기대 및 관측 이형접합율($H_{ex}$, $H_{ob}$)의 평균은 각각 0.764, 0.773, 다형성 정보량 지수(PIC)의 평균은 0.727 그리고 $F_{is}$의 평균은 -0.014로 확인되었다. 한우 보증씨수소 집단을 출생년도 별로 구분한 8개 집단의 유전적 다양성 및 구조 분석 결과, D집단(2005-2004년)의 기대이형접합율(0.777), 관측이형접합율(0.792) 그리고 다형성정보지수(0.740)가 가장 높은 것으로 확인되었다. C집단(2003-2004년)과 E집단(2007-2008년)에서는 기대이형접합율이 관측이형접합율 보다 큰 것으로 확인되었고, 나머지 그룹 모두에서는 관측이형접합율이 기대이형접합율 보다 큰 것으로 확인되었다. 대립유전자 출현빈도를 기반으로 유전적 조성과 구조를 추론하기 위해 STRUCTURE software를 이용하여 분석한 결과 세대가 지남에 따라 특정 유전적 성분의 변화 또는 비중의 증감을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이는 개량 목표를 설정하고 지속적으로 추진되고 있는 개량 사업이 한우 씨수소 집단의 유전적 구조 변화에 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인 할 수 있는 중요한 자료로, 한우 개량 사업의 효율적인 추진을 위해 유용하게 활용 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제66권
• /
• pp.369-378
• /
• 2023

본 연구는 청가시덩굴 에탄올 추출물을 이용하여 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서 지방세포를 통해 항비만 활성을 확인하고자 하였다. 청가시덩굴 에탄올 추출물에 의한 지방세포 분화 억제 활성 및 지방형성에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에 분화를 유도하여 추출물을 농도별로 처리하였다. 그 결과 청가시덩굴 에탄올 추출물 처리 시 지방세포 분화 및 세포 내 중성지방 축적 수준이 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 이러한 지방형성 억제 효과가 어떠한 작용기전에 의해 유도되는지 확인하기 위해 청가시덩굴 추출물과 그로부터 분리된 화합물인 acertannin을 이용하여 지방세포 분화 조절인자들의 유전자 및 단백질 발현을 확인하고자 하였다. 청가시덩굴 에탄올 추출물은 지방형성 및 지방산 합성 관련 인자인 PPARγ, C/EBPα, ADD1/SREBP1c, FAS, aP2의 유전자 및 단백질 발현을 유의적으로 억제하였다. 이러한 결과들로 볼 때 청가시덩굴 에탄올 추출물은 지방세포분화 및 지방축적 인자의 조절 효과를 나타냄으로써 산림자원의 항비만 및 고지혈증 개선 기능성 소재로의 활용 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.158-158
• /
• 2015

Myoblast are myogenic precursors that proliferate, activate, and differentiate on muscle injury to sustain the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle; The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, termed also NOS-I) is expressed in normal adult skeletal muscle, suggesting important functions for Nitric oxide (NO) in muscle biology1,2,3. However, the expression and subcellular localization of NO in muscle development and myoblast differentiation are largely unknown. In this study, we examined effects of the nitric oxide generated by a microwave plasma torch, on proliferation/differentiation of rat myoblastic L6 cells. Experimental data pertaining to nitric oxide production are presented in terms of the oxygen input in units of cubic centimetres per minute. The various levels of nitric oxide are observed depending on the flow rate of nitrogen gas, the ratio of oxygen gas, and the microwave power4. In order to evaluate the potential of nitric oxide as an activator of cell differentiation, we applied nitric oxide generated from the microwave plasma torch to L6 skeletal muscles. Differentiation of L6 cells into myotubes was significantly enhanced the differentiation after nitric oxide treatment. Nitric oxide treatment also increase the expression of myogenesis marker proteins and mRNA level, such as myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MHC), as well as cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), However during the myotube differentiation we found that NO activate oxidative stress signaling erks expression. Therefore, these results establish a role of NO and cGMP in regulating myoblast differentiation and elucidate their mechanism of action, providing a direct link with oxidative stress signalling, which is a key player in myogenesis. Based on these findings, nitric oxide generated by plasma can be used as a possible activator of cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.200-205
• /
• 2009

Thromboxane A2 (TBXA2) is a potent vasoconstrictor in cerebral circulation and is a known contributor to the pathogenesis of cerebral infarction. Thromboxane A2 synthase 1 (TBXAS1) and thromboxane A2 receptors (TBXA2R) are key components in TBXA2 function. We examined whether genetic variants in TBXA2R and TBXAS1 are risk factors for cerebral infarction by genotyping 453 Korean patients with noncardiogenic cerebral infarction and 260 controls. A few, specific polymorphisms in the TBXA2R (-3372G>C, +4710T>C and 4839T>C) and TBXAS1 (+16184G>T, +141931A>T and +177729G>A) genes were chosen and investigated. Logistic regression showed the frequencies of TBXAS1+16184G>T and TBXAS1-ht3 were significantly more frequent in cerebral infarction (P = 0.002, OR = 2.75 and P = 0.01, OR = 1.57, respectively), specifically in small-artery occlusion (SAO) type of cerebral infarction (P = 0.0003 and 0.005, respectively). These results suggest specific TBXAS1 gene polymorphisms may be a useful marker for development of cerebral infarction, especially SAO type in Korean population.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.381-388
• /
• 2016

Hyangso-san is a traditional herbal medicine that consists of the seven herbal medicines, Cyperi Rhizoma, Perillae Folium, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus, and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus. Hyangso-san has long been clinically used to treat the influenza, including headache, ferver, chills, and pantalgia. In this study, we were performed the simultaneous analysis of the 15 marker compounds (liquiritin apioside, liquiritin, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, rosmarinic acid, liquiritigenin, kaempferol, glycyrrhizin, nobiletin, 6-gingerol, elemicin, atractylenolide III, nootkatone, and atractylenolide I) in Hyangso-san using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). Column for the separation of the 15 ingredients was used a Waters Acquity UPLC BEH $C_{18}$ analytical column ($2.1{\times}100mm$, $1.7{\mu}m$) at $45^{\circ}C$ by using a mobile phase of 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and acetonitrile with gradient condition. Identifications of all analytes were performed using a Waters ACQUITY TQD LC-MS/MS system. The flow rate and injection volume were 0.3 mL/min and $2.0{\mu}L$, respectively. Correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was ${\geq}0.9958$. The values of limits of detection and quantification of the 15 components were 0.002-4.29 and 0.01-12.88 ng/mL, respectively. The result of an analysis using the established LC-MS/MS method, kaempferol and atractylenolide I were not detected, while other 13 compounds were 0.08-56.87 mg/g in lyophilized Hyangso-san sample.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.65-71
• /
• 2010

Objectives：To develop and validate HPLC-PDA methods for simultaneous determination of seven constituents in Samchulkunbi-tang (SKT). Additionally, we investigated the cytotoxicity against BEAS-2B cell line and splenocytes of SKT. Methods：Reverse-phase chromatography using a Gemini $C_{18}$ column operating at $40^{\circ}C$, and photodiode array (PDA) detection at 230, 254 and 280 nm, were used for quantification of the three marker components of SKT. The mobile phase using a gradient flow consisted of two solvent systems. Solvent A was 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid and solvent B was acetonitrile with 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid. The cytotoxicity of SKT were measured by the CCK-8 assay method. Results：Calibration curves were acquired with $r^2$>0.9999, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) values (%) for intra- and inter-day precision were less than 6.0%. The recovery rate of each compound was in the range of 86.89-109.78%, with an RSD less than 4.0%. The contents of seven compounds in SKT were 1.39-6.84 mg/g. SKT had no cytotoxicity effect at 50-200 ${\mu}g$/mL concentrations. Conclusions：The established method will be helpful to improve quality control and in vitro efficacy study of SKT.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.85-89
• /
• 2015

This peptide has antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Bombyx mori cecropinB1(BmCecB1) is antimicrobial peptides from Bombyx mori and belongs to cecropin family. Antimicrobial peptides are important components of the innate immune systems in all living organism. To produce the BmCecB1 antimicrobial peptide, we constructed transgenic silkworm that expressed BmCecB1 gene under the control BmA3 promoter using piggyBac vector. The use of the 3xP3-driven EGFP cDNA as a marker allowed us to rapidly distinguish transgenic silkworm. Mixtures of the donor vector and helper vector were micro-injected into 600 eggs of bivoltin silkworms, Baegokjam. In total, 49 larvae (G0) were hatched and allowed to develop into moths. The resulting G1 generation consisted of 22 broods, and we selected 2 broods containing at least 1 EGFP-positive embryo. The rate of successful transgenesis for the G1 broods was 9%. We identified 9 EGFP-positive G1 moths and these were backcrossed with wild-type moths. With the aim of identifying a BmCecB1 as antimicrobial peptide, we investigated the Radical diffusion Assay (RDA) and then demonstrated that BmCecB1 possesses high antibacterial activities against Gram-negative bacteria.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.78-85
• /
• 2015

In the past several decades, biofuels have emerged as candidates to help mitigate the issues of global warming, fossil fuel depletion and, in some cases, atmospheric pollution. To date, the only biofuels that have achieved any significant penetration in the global transportation sector are ethanol and biodiesel. The global consumption of biodiesel was rapidly increased from 2005. The goal of this study was to examine the chemical composition on particulate pollutant emissions from a diesel engine operating on several different biodiesels. Tests were performed on non-road diesel engine. Experiments were performed on 5 different fuel blends at 2 different engine loading conditions (50% and 75%). 5 different fuel blends were ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD, 100%), soy biodiesel (Blend 20% and Blend 100%) and canola biodiesel (Blend 20% and Blend 100%). The chemical properties of particulate pollutants were characterized using an Aerodyne High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). Organic matter and nitrate were generally the most abundant aerosol components and exhibited maximum concentration of $1207{\mu}g/m^3$ and $30{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. On average, the oxidized fragment families ($C_xH_yO_1{^+}$, and $C_xH_yO_z{^+}$) account for ~13% of the three family sum, while ~87% comes from the $C_xH_y{^+}$ family. The two peaks of $C_2H_3O_2$ (m/z 59.01) and $C_3H_7O$ (m/z 59.04) located at approximately m/z 59 could be used to identify atmospheric particulate matter directly to biodiesel exhaust, as distinguished from that created by petroleum diesel in the AMS data.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.918-927
• /
• 2016

Cryptococcus neoformans is a life-threatening pathogenic yeast that causes devastating meningoencephalitis. The mechanism of cryptococcal brain invasion is largely unknown, and recent studies suggest that its extracellular microvesicles may be involved in the invasion process. The 14-3-3 protein is abundant in the extracellular microvesicles of C. neoformans, and the 14-3-3-GFP fusion has been used as the microvesicle's marker. However, the physiological role of 14-3-3 has not been explored. In this report, we have found that C. neoformans contains a single 14-3-3 gene that apparently is an essential gene. To explore the functions of 14-3-3, we substituted the promoter region of the 14-3-3 with the copper-controllable promoter CTR4. The CTR4 regulatory strain showed an enlarged cell size, drastic changes in morphology, and a decrease in the thickness of the capsule under copper-enriched conditions. Furthermore, the mutant cells produced a lower amount of total proteins in their extracellular microvesicles and reduced adhesion to human brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Proteomic analyses of the protein components under 14-3-3-overexpressed and -suppressed conditions revealed that the 14-3-3 function(s) might be associated with the microvesicle biogenesis. Our results support that 14-3-3 has diverse pertinent roles in both physiology and pathogenesis in C. neoformans. Its gene functions are closely relevant to the pathogenesis of this fungus.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제57권3호
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2013

Bojungikgi-tang has been widely used for enhancement of physical fitness in Korea. The convenient, simple, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established for simultaneous determination of four marker compounds, liquiritin, nodakenin, hesperidin, and glycyrrhizin in Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang in Chinese, Hochuekkito in Japanese), a traditional Korean herbal prescription. The column for optimizing HPLC separation was used a Gemini $C_{18}$ column at column oven temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ with 1.0% (v/v) aqueous acetic acid (A) and 1.0% (v/v) acetic acid in acetonitirle (B) by gradient flow. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the detector was a photodiode array (PDA) set at 254 nm, 280 nm, and 335 nm. Calibration curves of four components were acquired with $r^2$ values ${\geq}0.9999$. The recoveries were found to range 92.11~105.68% with relative standard deviations (RSDs, %) value less than 2.50%. The RSD values of intraand inter-day precision were 0.07~2.50% and 0.16~1.99%, respectively. The contents of liquiritin, nodakenin, hesperidin and glycyrrhizin in Bojungikgi-tang were 3.85~3.92 mg/g, 2.27~2.32 mg/g, 4.14~4.19 mg/g, and 3.39~3.45 mg/g, respectively. The established simultaneous analysis method will be effective for quality control of Bojungikgi-tang.