• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1971

감미종(甘味種) 소형(小型)고추인 Zairasisi를 저온저장(低溫貯藏)하니 종자(種子)의 갈변(褐變)이 급속(急速)히 일어났기에 여기에 주목(注目)하여 갈변기질(褐變基質)인 polyphenol 성분(成分)을 검색(檢索) 정량(定量)하고 이들 기질(基質)에 이르는 중간(中間) 대사(代謝) 성분(成分)의 변화(變化)를 측정(測定) 고찰(考察)하였다. (1) 종자(種子)의 polyphenol 성분(成分)으로서 chlorogenic acids가 검출(檢出)되었고 flavanol type polyphenols는 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. (2) Chlorogenic acid와 total polyphenol 함량(含量)은 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 급증(急增)하고 갈변후(褐變後)는 감소하여 상온구(常溫區)보다 오히려 함량(含量)이 낮아졌다. (3) 중간대사(中間代謝) 성분(成分)인 phenylalanine, tyrosine, shikimic acid 함량(含量)은 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 크게 증가(增加)하고 있으니 shikimate 계로(系路)가 활발(活潑)해지는 것으로 짐작된다. (4) 효소(酵素)에 대(對)한 특이적(特異的)인 조해제(阻害劑)와 호흡기질(呼吸基質)의 조직(組織) 호흡(呼吸)에 미치는 조해(阻害) 및 첨가(添加) 효과(效果)를 측정(測定)한 결과(結果) 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 고추종자(種子)의 당(糖)은 EMP 계로(系路)를 활발히 움직이다가 이에 연결(連結)되는 TCA cycle에 jaming이 일어남에 따라 phosphoenolpyruvate와 erythrose-4-phosphate가 활발히 결합(結合)하고 shikimate 계로(系路)가 활발해져서 polyphenol 물질(物質)이 활발히 생합성(生合成)된다는 것을 추정(推定)할 수 있었다. (5) 저온처리(低溫處理)에 의하여 고추종자(種子)의 K ion 유출량(流出量)이 증가(增加)하였기에 갈변(褐變)에 따라 원형질막(原形質膜) 이상(異常)이 생긴 것을 짐작 할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1971

(1) 감미종(甘味種) 소형(小型)고추인 Zairaisisi 종자(種子)의 polyphenol oxidase는 최적(最適) pH가 6.5이고 $0{\circ}C$에서도 상당(相當)한 활성(活性)을 가지며 o-diphenol에 대(對)하여 강(强)한 특이성(特異性)을 가지나 monophenol에 대(對)해서는 특이성(特異性)이 없었다. (2) 저온장해(低溫障害)에 의한 갈변초기(褐變初期)에 polyphenol oxidase는 강(强)한 활성도(活性度)를 나타내지만 전면갈변(全面褐變)에 따라 활성도(活性度)는 0 이 되었다. (3) polyphenol 추출액(抽出液)에 상당(相當)하는 효소액(酵素液)의 갈변능(褐變能)을 측정(測定)하였든 바 polyphenol oxidase의 활성도(活性度)가 0 일 때도 in vitro에서는 갈변현상(褐變現象)이 진행(進行)되었고 이때 peroxidase는 당초(當初)와 거의 같은 활성도(活性度)를 지니고 있었다. (4) 저온장해(低溫障害)에 따른 저온초기(低溫初期)에서는 DNP 첨가실험(添加實驗)으로 미루어 호흡(呼吸)의 전자전달계(電子傳達系)에 이상(異常)을 볼 수 있었고 cytochrome oxidase 활성도(活性度)가 저하(低下)하였지만 호흡량(呼吸量)에는 큰 변동(變動)이 생기지 않았기에 조직(組織)호흡(呼吸)에 미치는 chlorogenic acid 첨가실험(添加實驗)을 하여 polyphenol oxidase가 대상호흡계(代償呼吸系)의 terminal oxidase로 쓰인다는 것을 추정(推定)할 수 있었다.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.533-537
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• 2011

우리나라의 형사재판제도는 2008년 형사소송법이 개정되면서 공판중심주의로 커다란 전환점을 맞이하게 되었다. 배심원제도라고 할 수 있는 국민의 형사재판 참여제도가 본격화되면서 국민의 법 제도에 관한 수준이 향상되었고, 형사 재판에 참여하는 국민(배심원)들의 수준에 맞는 형사재판의 진행과 설명, 과학적인 증거의 제시를 통한 증거주의 재판이 실현되고 있는 것이다. 이에 검찰에서는 과학적 조사기법과 수사의 과학화를 위한 한 방편으로 영상녹화제도를 도입하게 되었고, 부가적인 지원절차로서 컴퓨터 속기사를 전국 검찰청에 상주시킴으로써 영상녹화를 통하여 진술된 내용의 문서화를 지원하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터속기제도를 국내외적으로 살펴보고 우리나라에서 과학적 조사기법으로 전개되고 있는 영상녹화제도속의 컴퓨터속기의 미래를 전망 해본다. 본 논문을 통하여 검찰에서 지양하는 과학조사를 위한 영상녹화제도에서 컴퓨터 속기가 차지하는 역할과 전망을 살펴봄으로써 조사기법의 선진화를 촉진하고, 인권보호, 공개재판중심주의에서 컴퓨터속기의 중요성과 위치를 재조명할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 2000

Objective : A number of evidence have suggested a pivotal role of matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) on the degeneration of intervertebral disc. Proteins of intervertebral disc mainly consist of collagen and proteoglycan. These proteins can be destructed by MMP, resulting in changes of main collagen type and degeneration of matrix proteins. The present study was to determine the different effects of MMP-1 and MMP-2 on the degenerative spinal diseases, resulting from aging process. Clinical Materials & Methods : Thirty-one patients were randomly selected among 350 patients whose discs were resected during operation from March 1997 to February 1999. Patients were divided into two groups: group I with spinal stenosis and group II with herniated intervertebral disc. Group II was subdivided into the ruptured(Group Iia) and unruptured(Group Iib). Increases in MMP-1 immunopositive cells were observed in both groups, as evidenced by immunocytochemical staining. However, in marked contrast, the number of MMP-2 immunopositive cells were only seen in group II. There was no significant difference between Group IIa and Group IIb. The MMP-2 immunopositive cells were increased in the anulus fibrosus of ruptured(Group Iia) more than unruptured(Group Iib), but statistically it was not significant. In addition, the immunopositivity of MMP-1 and MMP-2 was proportional to patients's age. Conclusion : These results strongly suggests the possible involvement of MMP-2, but not MMP-1 in progressive herniated intervertevral disc.

• 보험의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.34-36
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• 1985

Korea is an endemic area of chronic hepatitis in the world. Liver cirrhosis and liver cell carcinoma, presumed to be related to such chronic hepatitis, are the major causes of death in this country. The purpose of this study is disclosing the sources of chronic hepatitis in Korea establishing its histologic characteristics, disclosing the patterns of progression in chronic hepatitis, delineating its prognosis and finally speculating its etiology. The study group was composed of 183 patients with biopsy-proven acute icteric viral hepaticis, 32 patients with biopsy- proven anicteric hepatitis and 260 patients with biopsy- proven chronic hepatitis. These patients submitted to long-term follow-up by means of liver needle biopsy and/or clinicolaboratory evaluation. The period of follow-up ranged from two months to 18 years. The histological features of the initial biopsy specimens of chronic hepatitis permitted a division of the cases cases into the following five types: Type I. Persisting portal hepatitis : so called persisting hepatitis 43 Type II. Chronic inactive hepatitis with incomplete strand septal fibrosis. This type has thin fibrotic septation in addition to Type I with portal sclerosis 38 Type III. Chronic active periportal hepatitis(CAPH) : so called aggressive hepatitis, characterized by marked piecemeal necrosis. This type has been subdivided further into three groups: AB and C on the basis of histologic features. A CAPH without cirrhosis 15 B CAPH with cirrhosis 99 C CAPH with diffuse acinus type parenchymal nodules; characterized by rosette-forming micronodules 21 Type IV. Subacute hepatic necrosis; characterized by multilobular and/or bridging necrosis. 14 Type V. Persisting lobular hepatitis; characterized by spotty necrosis, which looks very similar to acute viral hepatitis. Such histologic changes should be persisted for more than six months 30 In Korea the main source of chronic hepatitis is the anicteric type. Of the chronic hepatitis observed in the hospital, Type IIIb was the most frequent in its incidence and occasionally exhibited development of hepatocellular carcinoma, but the mortality was highest in Type IIIc during the period of follow-up. Histologic characteristics of these five types suggest a spectrum of chronic hepatitis in Korea from an early and mild stage to advanced and fatal cirrhosis, which is occasionally associated with primary hepatic cell carcinoma. It seems that Type IV can be followed by flare-up of various stages of acute and chronic hepatitis with HBsAg and that many cases of liver cirrhosis prevalent in Korea occur through such an active process of Type IV. The etiology is not established, but in Korea it is mainly related to HBsAg.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제25권
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• pp.109-141
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• 1996

This research pertains to the interpretation of the many characteristics of the growing process of Library and Information Science in Korea with respect to its connection with discussion of the system of discipline. The result of the research are as follows. The Library and Information Science in Korea has gone through three distinct stages. The first stage spans the period from the late 50s to the 1960s during which three was an attempt to establish a relatively independent system of scholarship of Library and Information Science, although it was still heavily reliant on scholarship from Japan and the United States. The main characteristics of this first period is, firstly, that there a n.0, ppeared, for the first time, an awareness of a need to escape the attitude of foreign-orientation and to develop our own scholarship. Secondly, an effort was made to constitute the scholarship as a science (social science). Thirdly, there began a faint effort to import and a n.0, pply Information Science. The second stage covers the period between the 70s and the 80s, and saw the induction of Information Science begin in earnest and become the subject of education and research. The period was also marked by exploration of an alternative term to "Library Science", which was at the time being used. In addition, the period was a time of confusion for the examination of scholarship due to the induction of the new field of Information Science to what had already been a fragile structure of scholarship. This phenomenon served to intensify the doubts which had surfaced about existing term of Library Science, and ultimately played a large role in the a n.0, ppearance of the new term of Library and Information Science. Of course, there were a number of reasons which had made the change of term difficult, but it and be seen that the term change began in earnest after the change was adopted in the names of the university departments associated with the field in the late 80s. The third stage covers the period after the begining of the 90s. This stage saw the prominence of criticism and self-examination of the existing distorted foundational structure of Library and Information Sciences in Korea at the time, and, at the same time, a new methodology or research paradigms were advocated. It was a presenation of a new way of achieving a "Korean Library and Information Science" in order to understand and overcome not only the problems within the Korean libraries, but also within Library and Information Science in Korea. This caused repercussions to be felt not only among academics, but also among those actually working within the library systems. It moved academics toward a more practical scholarship, it inspired the prominence of a new scholarly methodology called a reform in academic writing, and even influenced specific research activities.research activities.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.261-267
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• 1986

치료방사선 분야에서 치료를 제한시키는 요인(dose limiting factor) 중의 하나로 인식되고 있는 피부손상은 그 중요성에 비추어, 임상치료 체계와 같은 방법을 사용한 병리조직학적 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 60마리의 백색 마우스를 사용하여 고식적인 분할조사를 통한 급성피부반응의 병리조직학적 변화를 밝히고 후기 합병증의 기선을 추정할 수 있는 기본 자료로 삼고자 하였으며 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 1,000 rad 조사군에서는 성한 표피의 부종만이 관찰되었다. 2. 2,000 rad 조사군에서는 모포와 부속기의 수와 크기가 감소하였고 진피의 부종과 함께 염증 세포의 침윤이 관찰되기 시작하였다. 3. 3,000 rad 조사군에서는 모세혈관 벽의 비후가 관찰되기 시작하였고 부속기의 감소 및 염증 세포의 침윤이 현저히 관찰되었다. 4. 4,000 rad 조사군에서는 더욱 현저한 모세혈관의 비후 및 울혈이 관찰되었다. 5. 5,000 rad 군사군에서는 위의 모든 변화가 증가되었음에도 표피의 완전탈락은 보이지 않았음으로 일반적인 암의 치료양으로는 심한 후기 영향은 고려하지 않아도 좋다고 사료된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.413-428
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• 2013

목적: 안경광학과 재학생과 안경사를 대상으로 안경광학과 교과과정 분야별 유용도를 조사하여 교과과정 개발에 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 방법: 안경광학과 재학생 292명과 산업체 재직 안경사 123명을 대상으로 교과과정 유용도(5점 척도)에 관한 설문조사를 실시하고 통계분석을 하였다. 결과: 교과과정 유용도의 평균은 안경사(3.89)가 재학생(3.71)보다 높았다. 재학생의 교과과정 분야별 유용도는 검안학분야가 가장 높았고(4.55) 안경사는 임상실습분야가 가장 높았다(4.48). 재학생과 안경사의 분야별 교과목의 유용도는 안광학분야, 안과학분야, 안경학분야, 전공기초분야, 안경사관련분야, 외국어분야에서 유의한 차이(p<.05)가 있었으나 검안학분야와 콘택트렌즈분야는 유의한 차이 없이 공통적으로 유용도가 높았다. 재학생의 교과목 유용도는 성별, 학년, 연령, 희망진로에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 안경사의 교과목 유용도는 성별, 연령, 학력, 경력, 근무처, 직위에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 결론: 안경광학과 표준교과과정을 위한 연구가 지속되어야 하며 재학생과 안경사의 교과과정에 대한 유용도와 요구가 반영된 교과과정의 개발이 필요하다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.110-116
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• 1968

The mature guinea pigs were grouped as indicated in the table 1. Radio-active iodine(I-131)in dose of 4.5mci, was administered to the experimental groups. The animals were killed for examination in 1, 7, 14, 28, 42, and 55 days after the administration the radio-active iodine. The thyroid and adrenal glands were observed histologically. The results obtained were as follows; 1. One day after the administration, thyroid epithelial cells were abnormally enlarged. After seven days, specimens taken from the middle of the thyroid showed that the follicles and epithelial cells were changing to fibrous tissue, however, some follicles still remained in the verge of the thyroid. Follicles were not observed after fourteen days. After twenty-eight days, the follicles had all changed to fibrous tissue, and had lost their function. 2. The size of the zonas gromerulosa of adrenal cortex epually, in both male and female, showed slight fluctuation in size with no tendency to be changed. 3. Among the zones of the adrenal glands, zona fasciculata showed marked changes. Zona fasciculata was atrophied in Process of time. In females, it was atrophied significantly(P<0.05) after fourteen days, and highly significant (P<0.01) in twenty-eight and fifty-six days after the administration of radioactive iodine. In males, it also decreased significantly(P<0.05) in seventy-eight days and highly significant(P<0.01) in forty-two and fifty-six days after the administration. 4. The size of the Zona reticularis of adrenal cortex in the females increased significantly (P<0.05) in twenty-eight days after the administration. In males, it showed slight fluctuation until twenty-eight days, but it increased significantly(P<0.05) in forty-two and fifty-six days after the administration. 5. The size of the adrenal medulla increased significantly(P<0.05) in twenty-eight and forty-two days in females. It was increased significantly(P<0.05) in fourth-two days and high significantly(P<0.01) in fifty-six days after the administration.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.242-247
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• 2003

Background: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disorder that is characterized by a marked proliferation of keratinocytes, vascular dilation and leukocyte infiltration. Cytokines play important roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders. An overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines was characterized in psoriasis plaque. Among these cytokines, IL-$1{\beta}$ is major pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesized during the infection and inflammatory process. The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) competes for the same IL-1 receptor for $IL-1{\alpha}$ and $-1{\beta}$, which prevents activation of the target cells. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-$1{\beta}$ gene have been reported at position -31, -511 and +3954. Within the IL-1Ra gene (IL-1RN), there is a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) of an 86 bp length in intron 2. These polymorphisms related to cytokine production and associated with various diseases. Methods: We investigated the polymorphisms of IL-1B (promoter -511 and +3954) and IL-1RN on 114 psoriasis patients and 311 healthy normal controls in Korean. We performed PCR-RFLP on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-1B (promoter -511 and +3954) and fragment analysis on IL-1RN 86 bp VNTR polymorphism. Results: The frequency of IL-1B $-511^*1$ allele (patients vs. controls; 50.0% vs. 42.3%, RR=1.4) was significantly increased and IL-1B $-511^*2$ allele (patients vs. controls; 50.0% vs. 57.7%, RR=0.7) decreased in psoriasis patients compared to normal controls. We also analyzed the IL-1B -511 polymorphism according to patients' characters (age of onset, sex and family history). The IL-1B -511 alleles were significantly associated in patients with male and family history than health normal controls. There were no significant associations of IL-1B +3954 and IL-1RN polymorphisms with psoriasis patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that the polymorphism of IL-1B -511 could be genetic susceptibility to psoriasis in Koreans.