• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권10호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2008

Using a sample of 107 married couples, this study investigated the influence of self-reported argument-communication behaviors on marital satisfaction. The results were as follows. (a) Wives used more criticism, contempt, and self-assertion during marital arguments than husbands. There were no significant gender differences in the levels of defensiveness, stonewalling, and active listening. (b) Multilevel analyses indicated that marital satisfaction was predicted by the person's own level of self-assertion and stonewalling(i.e., actor effects) and by his or her spouse's level of stonewalling(i.e., partner effect). No other significant actor and partner effects were found. Also, there were no significant gender differences in the sizes of effects. (c) A cluster analysis of both spouses' communication behaviors during marital arguments identified four distinct groups of married couples. : mutual constructive, husband constructive-wife destructive, husband destructive-wife constructive, and mutual destructive. Mutual constructive couples reported the best marital satisfaction.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

The current study examined the ability to predict Gottman's four dysfunctional communication behaviors during marital arguments based on the level of surface and core problems in marriage. Core problems were composed of three factors: caring, power, and commitment problems. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 182 married women residing in Busan. The results of multiple regression analyses revealed that a woman's degree of criticism was predicted by surface and caring problems when controlling for the other variables. The degree of contempt was predicted by a commitment problem as well as surface and caring problems. Defensiveness was determined only by a commitment problem, while stonewalling was determined only by a power problem. Overall, these results showed the importance of core problems in understanding the causes of the four dysfunctional communication behaviors - especially contempt - and suggested that additional attention should be given to a commitment problem as a contributor to the expression of contempt and defensiveness.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2005

This study utilized data (a sample of 18,553 people born in 1958 in England, Scotland, and Wales) from the National Child Development Study of 1968 and 1991 to explore the influence of familial difficulties on the internalizing behavioral patterns during the early adolescent period and late life outcomes periods. In this paper, internalizing behavioral problems include 'depression', 'anxiety', 'hostility to adults', 'hostility to children', and 'withdrawal'. Late outcomes were analyzed in two different variables and one marital management domain: 'unemployment', 'seen doctors about emotional problems', 'divorce or separation; never lived as a couple; arguments end in violent behavior' The results indicate that young adolescents who had experienced familial difficulties also have internalizing behavioral problems giving them emotional and behavioral instability. The findings also show that familial difficulties during childhood positively contribute to late life outcomes such as unemployment, emotional problems, and marital management. This study suggests that in order to effectively respond to the needs of children and adolescents who have experienced various familial difficulties, counselors and educators must guide parents.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing quality of life of married immigrant women in Korea. Methods: The participants included 508 married immigrant women who met the eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Participants were evaluated for subjective assessment of married immigrant-related constructs using a self-report questionnaire, for self-esteem, self-efficacy, and quality of life (QOL). The analysis was done using SPSS for Windows, version 10.1, and included stepwise regression. Results: The major findings were as follows; 1) There were significant relationships between marital satisfaction (r=.39, $p$=.001), violence by the husband during the couple's arguments (r=-.24, $p$<.001), satisfaction with life in Korea (r=.39, $p$<.001), self-esteem (r=.16, $p$<.001), self-efficacy (r=.51, $p$<.001) and quality of life. 2) Marital satisfaction, self-efficacy, education level and satisfaction life with in Korea were significant factors, which explained 53% of the variance in quality of life (F=43.97, $p$<.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that a powerful predictor of QOL for married immigrant women was self-efficacy. Conclusion: Developing nursing interventions to enhance self-efficacy toward improvement of QOL among married immigrant women is recommended.

• 법제연구
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• 제55호
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• pp.95-136
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• 2018

남녀가 법적으로 혼인을 하게 되면 기본적으로 친족관계를 형성하게 되지만 혼인은 부부의 재산관계에도 영향을 미친다. 이러한 부분에 대해서는 민법 제4편에서 규율하고 있다. 이처럼 혼인은 다양한 사법적(私法的) 효력을 야기하는 것 이외에 세법의 운용에도 큰 영향을 미친다. 그 중 이 글은 혼인한 자간의 재산관계와 그것이 증여세 과세에 미치는 영향을 연구대상으로 하고 있다. 혼인한 부부가 보유한 재산의 귀속에 대해서는 크게 두 개의 입법방식, 즉 부부별산제와 부부재산공유제가 존재한다. 그 중 우리 민법은 부부별산제를 법정재산제로 규정하고 있다. 하지만 예외적으로 약정을 통해 부부재산공유제가 적용되는 부부도 존재할 수 있다. 우리의 증여세제는 지금까지 부부별산제가 적용되는 부부를 전제로 하여 부부간의 증여에 대해 증여세를 과세하고 있었다. 그런데 부부의 재산관계에 대해 부부재산공유제가 적용되는 경우 그러한 부부간의 자산증여에 대해서도 동일하게 증여세과세를 할 수 있는지 여부가 실무적으로 문제되고 있다. 동일한 사실관계에 대해 법원은 증여세를 과세할 수 없다는 입장이고 조세심판원은 과세를 해야 한다는 입장이다. 아직 우리나라의 경우 부부재산 공유제를 취한 부부가 많지 않으므로 이러한 사안에 대한 과세가능여부의 논의가 중요하지 않다고 평가할 수도 있지만 만약 이러한 문제에 대해 현재 법원의 입장처럼 증여세를 과세하지 않는 것으로 법해석이 확정되면 증여세 과세에 중대한 입법적 결함(loophole)이 되어 심각한 조세불공평의 문제를 초래할 수 있다. 그렇기 때문에 비록 아직 이러한 사례가 빈번하게 등장하고 있는 것은 아니지만 이러한 경우 과연 증여세 과세를 해야 하는지 여부를 신중하게 점검해 보아야 할 필요성이 있다고 할 것이다. 만일 법원의 입장이 옳다고 한다면 결혼하는 부부들은 부부재산약정을 통해 증여세제도를 무력화시킬 수 있는 여지도 있다. 이 글을 통해 개인적으로 현행법의 해석상 부부재산공유제를 취하는 부부간의 자산증여에 대해서도 증여세를 과세해야 하는 논리를 제시하였다. 이러한 입장이 타당한지 여부에 대한 검증은 독자의 몫이다. 다만 이 글은 지금까지 우리사회에서 문제가 되지 않았던 부부재산공유제를 취하는 부부를 전제로 하여 증여세과세가능여부를 검토하였다는 점에서 중요한 의의가 있다고 생각한다. 아직까지 우리사회에서 결혼하는 부부는 부부재산제에 대해 크게 고민을 하지 않고 법정재산제의 적용을 받고 있지만 미래에는 어떻게 변화할지를 알 수 없는 상황이다. 우리나라의 부부재산제관련 민법규정들도 매우 부실한 상황이고, 상증세법도 다양한 부부재산제를 전제로 하여 합리적으로 정비해두어야 할 것이다.