• 제목/요약/키워드: marine biotechnology

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Marine Biodiversity Study and Biotechnology Exploitation in China

  • Liu, J.Y.
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.40-47
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    • 2006
  • Large scale marine biodiversity studies in China have been carried out for more than half a century since the founding of the Institute of Oceanology, CAS, in 1950. Through a series of coastal and multi-disciplinary oceanographic investigations in the shelf seas and biodiversity studies since the late fifties, a total of 20,278 species of marine biota have been recorded upto 1994. Recent intensive studies have further revealed the richness of marine biota of the China seas,a great number of marine species have been found and many new taxa established. The total species number of main biotic groups increased about 50 % of that estimated in 1994. The results have promoted the fast development of China's marine fisheries, medicine (drug) and biodiversity research, and attracted many scientists, particularly bio-technologists, to join their studies. Environmental deterioration and human activity strongly stressed the sustainable development and conservation of marine bio-diversity, and resulted in the increase of end angered species as record ed in the new published ${\ll}$China Species Red List${\gg}$ with the threatened category of species assessed by adopting the new IUCN criteria. To further reveal the high diversity and their history, present status and future of marine organisms existed in the world ocean, an international Project ${\ll}$Census of Marine Life (CoML)${\gg}$ was established in 2000 in the USA. Scientists predicted that 2 to 3 times of numbers of the known species will possibly be found in various marine habitats, particularly the abyssal ocean. The Research Plan and the Projects were briefly introduced, and the relationship between marine biodiversity and biotechnology was discussed. The Project planned to apply new and high techniques and new equipments on board research vessel and in laboratory. Brief review of recent advances of Chinas' marine biodiversity and biotechnology studies indicated that fascinate results have been achcieved; but further effort should be made to promote the continuous advance of our basic researches and their application in related production and maintain sustainable development.

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해양생물 다양성 연구를 위한 환경유전자(eDNA)의 적용 (Application of Environmental DNA (eDNA) for Marine Biodiversity Analysis)

  • 최소윤;이승재;최은경;조은아;김진무;조민주;김장연;권수연;박현
    • 한국해양생명과학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.93-103
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    • 2023
  • eDNA (environmental DNA)란 특정 환경에 서식하는 생물로부터 유래한 DNA를 의미한다. 환경 시료로부터 추출한 eDNA를 활용하면 해당 환경에 서식하는 생물들의 효율적이고 정확한 모니터링을 수행할 수 있다. 해수 시료로부터 얻은 eDNA를 기반으로 해양생물 다양성 연구를 수행할 수 있다. 해수 시료를 채집하고 이로부터 eDNA를 추출한 뒤, metagenome 분석을 통해 서식하는 해양생물의 종 동정과 다양성 분석이 가능하다. 본 리뷰에서는 이처럼 해수의 eDNA를 활용하여 해양 지역의 생물 다양성 연구를 수행하는 전체적인 과정을 제시하고 있다. 아직 국내에는 해양생물 다양성 연구를 위해 eDNA를 적용하는 방법이 보편화 되어있지 않으며, 본 리뷰를 기반으로 이와 같은 eDNA 연구 방법을 정립하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

Molecular adaptation of the CREB-Binding Protein for aquatic living in cetaceans

  • Jeong, Jae-Yeon;Chung, Ok Sung;Ko, Young-Joon;Lee, Kyeong Won;Cho, Yun Sung;Bhak, Jong;Yim, Hyung-Soon;Lee, Jung-Hyun
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.102-109
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    • 2014
  • Cetaceans (whales, dolphins, and porpoises) are aquatic mammals that experienced drastic changes during the transition from terrestrial to aquatic environment. Morphological changes include streamlined body, alterations in the face, transformation of the forelimbs into flippers, disappearance of the hindlimbs and the acquisition of flukes on the tail. For a prolonged diving, cetaceans acquired hypoxia-resistance by developing various anatomical and physiological changes. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these adaptations are still limited. CREB-binding protein (CREBBP) is a transcriptional co-activator critical for embryonic development, growth control, metabolic homeostasis and responses to hypoxia. Natural selection analysis of five cetacean CREBBPs compared with those from 15 terrestrial relatives revealed strong purifying selection, supporting the importance of its role in mammals. However, prediction for amino acid changes that elicit functional difference of CREBBP identified three cetacean specific changes localized within a region required for interaction with SRCAP and in proximal regions to KIX domain of CREBBP. Mutations in CREBBP or SRCAP are known to cause craniofacial and skeletal defects in human, and KIX domain of CREBBP serves as a docking site for transcription factors including c-Myb, an essential regulator of haematopoiesis. In these respects, our study provides interesting insights into the functional adaptation of cetacean CREBBP for aquatic lifestyle.

참전복(Haliotis discus hannai) Myostatin 유전자의 cDNA 동정 및 발현 분석 (Molecular Cloning and Expression Pattern of Abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) Myostatin cDNA)

  • 이상범;김정환;조미진;오미영;박흠기;진형주
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제42권2호
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    • pp.139-145
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    • 2009
  • We cloned and sequenced the open reading frame (ORF) cDNA encoding myostatin from the muscle of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai). The ORF cDNA of the abalone myostatin is 1134 bp and encoded 377 amino acid residues that were 60-96% homologous with the amino acids of other organism myostatins. In addition, the ORF contained a conserved proteolytic cleavage site (RXRR) and nine conserved cysteine residues in the C-terminus. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR revealed the presence of myostatin mRNA in various tissues. The strongest expression was observed in the mantle of female abalone, and the gills and heart of male abalone.

Isolation and Structure Determination of Streptochlorin, an Antiproliferative Agent from a Marine-derived Streptomyces sp. 04DH110

  • Shin, Hee-Jae;Jeong, Hyun-Sun;Lee, Hyi-Seung;Park, Song-Kyu;Kim, Hwan-Mook;Kwon, Ho-Jeong
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권8호
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    • pp.1403-1406
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    • 2007
  • An antiproliferative agent, streptochlorin, was isolated from the fermentation broth of a marine actinomycete isolated from marine sediment. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Bioactivity guided fractionation of the culture extract by solvent partitioning, ODS open flash chromatography, and reversed-phase HPLC gave a pure compound, streptochlorin. Its structure was elucidated by extensive 2D NMR and mass spectral analyses. Streptochlorin exhibited significant antiproliferative activity against human cultured cell lines.