• 제목/요약/키워드: marine biotechnology

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Marine Macro-algae of Orissa, East Coast of India

  • Rath, Jnanendra;Adhikary, Siba Prasad
    • ALGAE
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2006
  • A total of twenty one species of marine macro-algae were reported from 460 kms long Orissa coast in the east coast of India. Of these 9 species belongs to Chlorophyta, 2 to Phaeophyta and 10 to Rhodophyta. The low species richness compared with southern and western coasts of India was due to lack of rocky and/or coral substratum. Enteromorpha usneoides and Gelidium divaricatum were reported first from India. Enteromorpha linza, E. clathrata, Colpomenia sinuosa, Dictyota dichotoma, Catenella impudica, Compsopogon aeruginosus and Grateloupia lithophila were the new records for Orissa coast.

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Bio-geochemistry of Oceans

  • Kannan, Narayanan
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제2권4호
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    • pp.201-208
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    • 2007
  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are anthropogenic contaminants found globally in water, ice, soil, air and sediment. Modern analytical techniques allow us to determine these chemicals in environmental matrices at parts per trillion levels or lower. Environmental forensic on PCBs opens up new avenues of investigation such as transport and fate of water masses in oceans, sedimentation, onset of primary production, migration of marine mammals, their population distribution and pharmacokinetics of drugs inside organisms. By virtue of persistence, bioaccumulation, bioconcentration and structure-activity relationship PCBs emerge as unconventional chemical tracers of new sort.

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A New Analog of Antimycin from Streptomyces sp. M03033

  • Seo, Young-Wan;Cho, Ki-Woong;Rho, Jung-Rae;Mo, Sang-Jun;Shin, Jong-Heon
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.663-667
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    • 2001
  • A new secondary metabolite was isolated from the culture broth and mycelium of Streptomyces sp. collected from marine sediment. The structure of this compound was determined to be N-formylantimycic acid methyl ester, an acyclic derivative of antimycin, on the basis of combined chemical and spectral methods. The structure-activity relationship of antimycins is discussed.

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Recent Discovery of Bioactive Natural Products from Taiwanese Marine Invertebrates

  • Shen, Ya-Ching
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제1권4호
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    • pp.225-231
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    • 2006
  • The secondary metabolites from Taiwanese marine soft corals and sponges have attracted much attention because they possess considerable potential biological activities. To explore the origin of bioactivity, many cytotoxic natural products were isolated and characterized in the past few years. For examples, The lipophilic extracts from marine sponges Petrosia elastica and Ircinia formosana were found active against several human tumor cells. The investigation of the gorgonian Junceela has also resulted in the discovery of a series of new juncenolides. Bioassay-directed fractionation of Clavularia viridis yielded seven new prostanoids. These compounds have been tested and evaluated as potential antitumor agents. The soft corals of the genus Cespitularia produced novel secondary metabolites with diverse chemical structures and interesting biological activities. Four new norditerpenoids, designated cespitulactones and cespihypotins were isolated from Cespitularia hypotentaculata. Cespitulactones are novel structures having a bond cleavage between C-10 and C-11. In addition, three novel diterpenes were isolated from C. taeniata and designated cespitulactams A, B and C having a phenylethyl amino side chain.

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Effect of Liquid Circulation Velocity and Cell Density on the Growth of Parietochloris incisa in Flat Plate Photobioreactors

  • Changhai Wang;Yingying Sun;Ronglian Xing;Liqin Sun
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.103-108
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    • 2005
  • For more accurately describing the durations of the light and the dark phases of micro-algal cells over the whole light-dark cycle, and probing into the relationship between the liquid circulation time or velocity, the aeration rate and cell density, a series of experiments was carried out in 10 cm light-path flat plate photobioreactors. The results indicated that the liquid flow in the flat plate photobioreactor could be described by liquid dynamic equations, and a high biomass output, higher content and productivity of arachidonic acid, $70.10\;gm^{-2}d^{-1},\;9.62\%$ and 510.3 mg/L, respectively, were obtained under the optimal culture conditions.

Screening and identification of bioorganic light-emitting substances from marine macrophytes

  • Jung, Sang Mok;Lee, Han Seong;Lee, Han Joo;Kang, Seul Gi;Son, Ji Su;Jeon, Jae Hyuk;Chae, Hee Baik;Shin, Hyun Woung
    • ALGAE
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.171-179
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    • 2015
  • Organic light-emitting materials in marine macrophytes from various coastal environments were identified. Twentyeight species from the solvent fractions were examined and identified as candidates for bioorganic light-emitting materials using photoluminescence (PL) spectra and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We selected 16 solvent fractions from a total of 1,221 prepared from Ishige okamurae, Sargassum confusum, Grateloupia elliptica, Chondracanthus intermedius, Porphyra yezoensis, Meristotheca papulosa, Gelidium amansii, and Scytosiphon lomentaria. The maximum light-emitting PL spectra appeared at various colors, mainly between blue and green, based on chromaticity coordinates, from solvent fractions of M. papulosa, G. amansii, G. elliptica, P. yezoensis, S. lomentaria, I. okamurae, and C. intermedius. These results will contribute to the development of novel organic light-emitting materials.

Zooshikella sp. 17TA 색소 추출물의 물리화학적 안정성과 항균활성 (The Physicochemical Stabilities and Antimicrobial Activities of Pigment Extracts from Zooshikella sp. 17TA)

  • 박재명;박진숙
    • 한국해양바이오학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.89-93
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    • 2019
  • In this study, the stability of the extracted natural pigments against light, temperature, pH, metal ions, and antimicrobial activity were evaluated in marine bacteria Zooshikella sp. 17TA. The pigment of the strain used in the study was red with maximum absorption at a wavelength of 541 nm. The stability of the pigment was evaluated by measuring the absorbance while preserving for 15 days and examining the retention rate. After 15 days of irradiation, the pigment of this bacterium showed 98% retention in the dark and 91% retention in the temperature range of -20℃ ~ 30℃. When the pH was in the range 4-7, the retention was about 80%, and the retention rate was higher than 85% for all kinds of metal ions except for CuCl2, ZnCl2, and KCl. The bacterial pigments showed high stability under the given irradiated pH, temperature, and metal ion conditions and had shown activity against gram-positive strains. These results suggest that this highly conserved microbial pigment can be applied to the food industry.

홍어류(Dipturus chilensis) 껍질로부터 분리 정제된 collagenase-1 저해 펩타이드의 특성 (Characterization of a Collagenase-1 Inhibitory Peptide Purified from Skate Dipturus chilensis Skin)

  • 박성하;이정권;전중균;변희국
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제44권5호
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    • pp.456-463
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    • 2011
  • We attempted to isolate a collagenase-1 inhibitory peptide from skate Dipturus chilensis skin protein. The protein from skate skin was digested by various enzymes (alcalase, ${\alpha}$-chymotrypsin, neutrase, papain, pepsin, and trypsin) to produce a collagenase-1 inhibitory peptide. The collagenase-1 inhibitory activity of the peptides obtained was measured by gelatin digestion assay. Among the six hydrolysates, pepsin hydrolysate exhibited the highest collagenase-1 inhibitory activity. The peptide showing strong collagenase-1 inhibitory activity was purified by Sephadex G-25 gel chromatography and HPLC using an octadecylsilyls (ODS) column. The amino acid sequence of purified collagenase-1 inhibitory peptide was identified to be Asn-Leu-Asp-Val -Leu-Glu-Val-Phe (961 Da) by quadrupole time of flight (Q-TOF) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) mass spectroscopy. The $IC_{50}$ value of purified peptide was 87.0 ${\mu}M$. Moreover, the peptide did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on human dermal fibroblast cell lines.

Sponge-Specific Unknown Bacterial Groups Detected in Marine Sponges Collected from Korea Through Barcoded Pyrosequencing

  • Jeong, Jong-Bin;Kim, Kyoung-Ho;Park, Jin-Sook
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2015
  • The bacterial diversity of 10 marine sponges belonging to the species Cliona celata, an unidentified Cliona species, Haliclona cinerea, Halichondria okadai, Hymeniacidon sinapium, Lissodendoryx isodictyalis, Penares incrustans, Spirastrella abata, and Spirastrella panis collected from Jeju Island and Chuja Island was investigated using amplicon pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA genes. The microbial diversity of these sponges has as of yet rarely or never been investigated. All sponges, except Cliona celata, Lissodendoryx isodictyalis, and Penares incrustans, showed simple bacterial diversity, in which one or two bacterial OTUs occupied more than 50% of the pyrosequencing reads and their OTU rank abundance curves saturated quickly. Most of the predominant OTUs belonged to Alpha-, Beta-, or Gammaproteobacteria. Some of the OTUs from the sponges with low diversity were distantly (88%~89%) or moderately (93%~97%) related to known sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database. Phylogenetic analysis showed that many of the representative sequences of the OTUs were related to the sequences originating from sponges and corals, and formed sponge-specific or -related clades. The marine sponges investigated herein harbored unexplored bacterial diversity, and further studies should be done to understand the microbes present in sponges.

Expressed Sequence Tag Analysis for Identification and Characterization of Sex-Related Genes in the Giant Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon

  • Preechaphol, Rachanimuk;Leelatanawit, Rungnapa;Sittikankeaw, Kanchana;Klinbunga, Sirawut;Khamnamtong, Bavornlak;Puanglarp, Narongsak;Menasveta, Piamsak
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제40권4호
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    • pp.501-510
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    • 2007
  • Sex-related genes expressed in vitellogenic ovaries of the giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, were identified by an EST approach. A total of 1051 clones were unidirectionally sequenced from the 5 terminus. Nucleotide sequences of 743 EST (70.7%) significantly matched known genes previously deposited in the GenBank (E-value <$10^{-4}$) whereas 308 ESTs (29.3%) were regarded as newly unidentified transcripts (E-value >$10^{-4}$). A total of 559 transcripts (87 contigs and 472 singletons) were obtained. Thrombospondin (TSP) and peritrophin (79 and 87 clones accounting for 7.5 and 8.3% of clones sequenced, respectively) predominated among characterized transcripts. everal full length transcripts (e.g. cyclophilin, profillin and thioredoxin peroxidase) were also isolated. A gene homologue encoding chromobox protein (PMCBX, ORF of 567 nucleotides encoding a protein of 188 amino acids) which is recognized as a new member of the HP1 family was identified. Expression patterns of 14 of 25 sex-related gene homologues in ovaries and testes of P. monodon broodstock were examined by RT-PCR. Female sterile and ovarian lipoprotein receptor homologues were only expressed in ovaries whereas the remaining transcripts except disulfide isomerase related P5 precursor and adenine nucleotide translocator 2 were higher expressed in ovaries than testes of P. monodon broodstock. A homologue of ubiquitin specific proteinase 9, X chromosome (Usp9X) revealed a preferential expression level in ovaries than testes of broodstock-sized P. monodon (N = 13 and 11, P<0.05) but was only expressed in ovaries of 4-month-old shrimp (N = 5 for each sex).