• 농업과학연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2004

This study is aimed at identifying China's land operating system in the great leap periods. the findings are as follows. For one thing, though the landownership in China was basically performed in public, a portion of private management was allowed. The more this kind of private management allowed, the more the life standard of farmers enhanced. For another thing, the conversion from agricultural cooperatives to people's commune happened swiftly, and the problems according to the conversion arose instantly, which made the operation system changed partially. The last, but not the least, even in the point of the rapid communistic movement, private management was locally accepted in the name of three self and one private management. Besides, as we can recognize from the case study of Daichai village, the operation of a large working group and a small working group was done in political context.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.17-39
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• 2010

This study explored the impact on the DRG(Diagnosis-Related Groups)-based prospective payment system(PPS) operated by voluntarily participation providers. We analyzed whether the provides in the DRG-based PPS and in traditional fee-for-service(FFS) systems showed different the degree of variation in length of stay(LOS), and the providers' behaviors depending on the differences according to the varied participation periods. The study sample included all data 2,061 institutions participated in DRG-PPS in 2007 and all cases 473 FFS institutions which reported fee-for-service claims were reviewed same diagnosized diseases at least 10cases claims during three months We compared the differences of the LOS among health care institutions according to their type, region, and size. For DRGs showing significant differences in LOS, multiple regression analyses were performed to find out factors associated with LOS and interaction effect participation and hospital types or participation periods. The result provide the evidence that the DRG payment system operated by volunteering health care institutions had impact on resources use, which can reduce the institutions' the length of stay. While some DRGs had no correlation between participation periods and LOS, other DRGs, DRG participation period reversely linear relationship with LOS. That is to say, the longer participation year, the less reducing the LOS. These results support the future expansion of the DRG-based PPS plan to all health care services in Korea.

• 기록학연구
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• 제79호
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• pp.389-442
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• 2024

본 연구는 기업 기록 처리일정 수립을 위하여, 국내 법률이 기업에게 보유하도록 명시한 기록 유형과 보존기간을 확인하고, 그 결과의 의의와 특징을 검토하여 기업 기록 처리일정 수립을 제언한다. 이를 위해 기업의 경영활동을 파악하고 법률 분석을 위한 기록조사서를 작성하여, 각종 법률 검토를 통해 기업의 경영활동에 필요한 기록 유형과 보존기간을 추출하였다. 다음으로 기업에게 요구되는 기록유형과 보존기간의 의미와 특징을 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 분석 결과를 바탕으로 기업 기록 처리일정 수립 방법을 제안하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.529-539
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• 2017

The aim of this work was to make acorn bread containing natural antioxidants as healthy food. The amylographic characteristics, loaf volume, color, texture, and subjective preference of the acorn bread containing 5~25% of acorn flour were measured during storage at room temperature and in a freezer. The results were as follows: The loaf volume decreased with increasing the addition of acorn flour from 5% to 25%. The onset gelatinization temperature and the value at the peak point of the bread decreased according to the amount of acorn flour added. L-value decreased with the increase of acorn flour contents, but the a- and b- values increased. During the storage period at room temperature, the L, a, and b- value decreased, whereas in the freezer, the L-value decreased except for the bread containing 5~11% acorn flour. In sensory evaluation, color and taste achieved high scores at 18% addition, but low scores at 25% addition. The bitter aftertaste showed low scores according to the addition of acorn flour. The softness and chewiness decreased, but the overall acceptance increased according to the addition of acorn flour except for the bread added with 25% acorn flour. The textural measurements showed that the hardness, springiness, gumminess, and brittleness increased significantly during the storage periods. The cohesiveness, gumminess, and brittleness in room temperature storage decreased with the increase of acorn flour contents. In freezer storage, the addition of acorn flour resulted in the increase of hardness, springiness, gumminess, and brittleness during storage periods. On the other hands, the cohesiveness decreased with the addition of acorn flour. Moreover the addition of acorn flour increased significantly the hardness, gumminess, and brittleness during storage periods. As a result, the bread containing acorn flour showed reasonable textural properties during storage periods.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2023

The architecture of the Fuel Thermal Management System (FTMS) in a commercial aircraft engine was built to model and simulate the fuel system. The study shows the thermal interactions between the fuel and engine lubrication oil through the mission profile of a high bypass ratio, two-spool turbofan engine. Fuel temperature was monitored as it flowed through each sub-component of the fuel system during the mission. The heat load in the fuel system strongly depended on the fuel flow rate, and was significantly increased for the periods of cruise and descent with decrease of fuel flow rate, rather than for the periods of take-off. Due to the thermal interaction in the pump housing, the fuel temperature at the outlet of the low-pressure pump was increased (4.0, 9.2, and 30.0) % over the case without thermal interaction for take-off, cruise, and descent, respectively.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2009

Using the results of the expected busy periods for the dyadic Min(N, D) and Max(N, D) operating policies in a controllable M/G/1 queueing model, an important relation between them is derived. The derived relation represents the complementary property between two operating policies. This implies that it could be possible to obtained desired system characteristics for one of the two operating policies from the corresponding known system characteristics for the other policy. Then, upper and lower bounds of expected busy periods for both dyadic operating policies are also derived.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2009

The goal of this study was to assess the level of vibration in an walking-type cultivator, and to provide a basic information to manage the vibration exposure for farmers. The latent periods of vibration-induced white finger (VWF) were assessed through analyzing the vibration levels and frequency characteristics. Also, vibration acceleration levels based on the daily vibration exposure duration was suggested. The latent periods of vibration-induced white finger were assessed by ISO 5349 method. The latent periods were 4.5 and 10.1 years at 10% and 50% of farmer group, respectively. Also, under ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) standard, daily vibration exposure duration at 6.7 m/s2 of vibration acceleration has to be less than 4 hours. Therefore, education that maximum working hours should be less than 4 continuous hours is necessary for the operators of walking-type cultivators.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.613-626
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• 2011

In this paper, we focus on the pinwheel task model with a variable voltage processor with d discrete voltage/speed levels. We propose an intra-task DVS algorithm, which constructs a minimum energy schedule for k tasks in O(d+k log k) time We also give an inter-task DVS algorithm with O(d+n log n) time, where n denotes the number of jobs. Previous approaches solve this problem by generating a canonical schedule beforehand and adjusting the tasks' speed in O(dn log n) or O($n^3$) time. However, the length of a canonical schedule depends on the hyper period of those task periods and is of exponential length in general. In our approach, the tasks with arbitrary periods are first transformed into harmonic periods and then profile their key features. Afterward, an optimal discrete voltage schedule can be computed directly from those features.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1864-1870
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• 2007

The inspection periods for the metro EMU maintenances vary variously according to the countries and railway operators. And the inspection systems vary according to the safety, economical, technical aspects, and also the social environments like passengers and maintenance qualities, etc. Also, in economic point of view, maintenance requires the man power, facilities, equipments, purchasing of parts and the loss of not being in revenue service during the maintenance period. Recently, there is a tendency that the inspection periods are extended gradually owing to the increased reliabilities of the equipments and parts of EMUs. Even if it is the EMUs that are already be in service, once the inspection method is innovated, the inspection time can be reduced. The inspection management innovation scheme includes such methods as the complete module to module replacement when trouble shooting a faulty parts before putting the EMU back to revenue service, the replacements of parts in complete set unit for the heavy maintenance, the establishments of exchange periods for the wasting parts, modernization of inspection equipments, introduction of RAMS for the reliability improvement and computerization of EMU maintenance management, etc. I think it is possible to optimize the inspection scopes and periods per parts and equipments by the introduction of RAMS.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.692-697
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• 2011

Restaurant managers seeking to maximize revenue should look carefully at how long their tables are occupied and how much the average diner spends. This study examined the effect of the customer's party size on restaurant revenue. The dining periods were divided into 2 types (lunch vs. dinner/weekdays vs. weekends), which were combined to show the average spending per minute (SPM), to determine if the dining periods have measurable effects on the dining duration and average bill. The results show that the dining duration for dinner was much longer than that for lunch and there was no significant difference in dining duration between weekdays and weekends. On the other hand, customers in larger parties at lunch time had a higher SPM than those in smaller parties. A larger customer party size was associated with a longer dining duration for dinner and on weekdays. During all operating periods (lunch, dinner, weekdays, weekends), the party size had a significantly positive effect on the mean spending per minute. For restaurant managers, these findings suggest opportunities to increase revenue and adopt revenue management strategies.