• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.218-230
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• 2010

본 연구는 성인 여성을 대상으로 하여 대사증후군 및 골다공증 등의 질병이 증가하는 폐경을 기준으로 구분하여 이소플라본 섭취 수준을 조사하고, 이소플라본 섭취 수준에 따른 각종 만성질환과 관련된 건강지표와의 관련성을 분석하였다. 1. 본 연구 대상자의 평균 연령은 49.97세이며, 폐경 전 대상자는 45.14세, 폐경 후 대상자는 55.99세였다. 폐경 전 대상자에 비해 폐경 후 대상자는 평균 체질량지수(p<0.01), 허리-엉덩이둘레 비율(p<0.001), 체지방율(p<0.001), 수축기 혈압(p<0.001), 혈당 및 혈중 지질 수준(p<0.05)이 유의적인 차이로 높았고, 골반 및 척추의 골밀도는 유의적언 차이로 낮게 나타났다. 또한 폐경 후 대상자의 경우 폐경 전 대상자와 비교할 때 빈혈 위험 집단으로 분류된 비율은 낮았으나, 비만 고혈압 고지혈증 골다공증 등 각종 만성질환과 관련된 건강 위험자 비율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 폐경 전 후 조사 대상자의 각 대두식품/음식의 섭취 빈도는 유사한 양상을 나타냈다. 폐경 전 대상자는 47.1%, 폐경 후 대상자는 42.7%가 매일 조림 볶음 콩밥 등의 형태로 콩을 섭취하는 것으로 나타났으며, 두부와 된장의 경우 1주일에 1회, 2회, 3~4회 섭취 빈도가 모두 20% 이상으로 나타나 콩, 두부, 된장이 이소플라본의 주요 공급원임을 알 수 있다. 3. 조사 대상자의 하루 이소플라본 평균 섭취 수준은 28.48 mg이었으며, 폐경 전 대상자는 25.48 mg, 폐경 후 대상자는 32.25 mg으로 폐경 후 대상자의 하루 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이소플라본 섭취 수준의 분포는 폐경 전 대상자는 3.29~78.36 mg(중간값 24.19 mg), 폐경 후 대상자는 3.18~116.59 mg(중간값 25.94 mg)으로 개인 간의 섭취 수준의 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 4. 폐경 전 대상자의 이소플라본 평균 섭취 수준은 low, middle, high 집단이 각각 8.2 mg, 24.8 mg, 47.5 mg이었다. 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 높을수록 체질량지수와 수축기 혈압이 낮은 것으로 나타났으나, 집단별 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 헤마토크리트는 이소플라본이 가장 낮은 섭취군과 가장 높은 섭취군이 유의적인 차이를 보이며, 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 높을수록 수치가 낮아지는 것으로 조사되었다. 폐경 후 대상자는 low, middle, high 집단 각각의 이소플라본 평균 섭취 수준이 8.6 mg, 24.6 mg, 63.6 mg 이었으며, 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 높을수록 초경 연령은 낮고, 폐경 연령은 높은 경향을 보여 주었으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 체질량지수와 허리-엉덩이 비율은 섭취 수준이 가장 낮은 집단이 중간 섭취 집단과 유의적인 차이를 보이며 더 높은 것으로 분석되었다(p<0.05). 체지방율은 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 낮은 집단에서 더 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 이외에도 통계적으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았으나 이소플라본 섭취 수준이 가장 낮은 집단에 비해 중간 이상 섭취하는 집단에서 수축기 혈압, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL-콜레스테롤, 그리고 중성지방 모두 더 낮은 경향을 보였다. 본 연구는 횡단적 관찰 연구이므로 각종 만성질환의 위험을 나타내는 건강지표들과 태두 이소플라본의 섭취 간에 인과관계를 밝힐 수는 없었으나, 대사증후군 및 골다공증 등의 질병이 증가하는 폐경 후 여성에서 대두 이소플라본 섭취와 비만 고지혈증 고혈압 등 건강문제와의 관련 가능성을 미약하게나마 보여준 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구 결과만으로 대두 이소플라본의 적정 섭취 기준을 제시할 수 없으나 조사대상자의 이소플라본 섭취 분포에 따라 4분위로 나누었을 때 최하위군에 속하는 하루 15 mg 이하를 섭취하는 경우 그 이상 섭취하는 사람들에 비해 여러 질병 위험도가 상대적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본 연구 및 선행 연구 결과들에서 나타난 한국인의 일상적인 식생활을 통한 이소플라본 하루 평균 섭취 수준은 20~35 mg 수준으로 나타난 바 있으므로, 다양한 대두식품을 통해 하루 15~35 mg 이상의 이소플라본 섭취는 이루어지는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. 앞으로 종단적 영양 역학 연구와 설험 연구를 통해 대두 이소플라본 섭취와 만성질환 간의 인과 관계를 규명하고, 만성질환 예방과 치료를 위해, 폐경 여성에서 호르몬 대체 요법을 위해 대두식품 및 이소플라본의 적정 섭취 수준을 제시할 수 있는 연구가 다각도로 진행되어야 할 것이다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.109-119
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• 1996

최근 호르몬 대치요법으로 갱년기 증상들만 없어질 뿐 아니라 심장질환, 골다공증 등의 예방은 물론이고 젊음의 유지 및 삶의 질이 높아지자 산부인과 의사는 물론이고 정신과 의사들도 갱년기 증상에 대해서 다시 더 많은 관심을 갖게 되었다. 그리하여 저자는 일반 정신과 의사들이 갱년기 증상을 이해하는데 도움을 주기 위하여 갱년기 증상중 정신과와 관련이 있는 열성홍조와 갱년기 우울증을 중심으로 다음과 같은 몇 가지 점을 문헌고찰을 통하여 재검토하였다. 갱년기 및 폐경기의 정의. 갱년기의 생리(난소의 노화, 주간 율동의 변화, 초일주기 율동의 변화, 시신경교차 상부핵의 일주기 율동의 변화), 혈관운동성 홍조(정의와 병태생리, 원인, 진단, 치료), 갱년기 우울증(정의, 원인, 치료) 등을 재고찰하여 보았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2013

본 연구는 20대부터 50대까지의 광주, 전남에 거주하는 180명의 건강한 성인 여성을 대상으로 진행되었다. 골대사지표로 골형성지표인 BAP와 OC, 골흡수지표인 NTx를 측정하였으며 골밀도로는 T-score를 이용하였다. 일반적 특징으로 영향 요인으로 연령, 음주, 신체 활동량, 골다공증에 대한 가족력, 폐경, 건강기능성식품 섭취 여부, BMI, 체지방률을 분석하였다. 연령에 따라 비교했을 때 BAP와 OC는 20대가 다른 나이군에 비해 낮았고 음주군은 비음주군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았다. 활동 정도에 따라서는 차이가 없었고 골다공증에 대한 가족력이 있는 군은 골다공증에 대한 가족력이 없는 군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았다. 또한 폐경군은 폐경전군에 비해 BAP가 더 높았으며 건강보조식품 섭취 여부에 따라서는 생화학적 골대사지표나 골밀도의 차이가 없었다. BMI에 따라서는 생화학적 골대사지표 및 골밀도의 차이가 없었지만 체지방률에 따라 분류했을 때는 정상군에 비해 비만군의 BAP가 더 높았고 골밀도는 더 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 노령군, 음주, 골다공증에 대한 가족력, 폐경, 비만이 있는 경우 골형성지표가 증가하였고 특히 비만군에서 골밀도가 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 골대사지표로 보았을 때, 한국인 여성들은 골 건강을 위해서 나이가 증가함에 따라 음주 및 비만 관리가 중요함을 시사하였다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.148-159
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• 2007

Purpose: Vasomotor symptoms including hot flash are very common to postmenopausal women. Estrogen therapy was regarded as the best option for relieving menopausal symptoms until 2002, when the Women#s Health Initiative(WHI) reported the side effect of the therapy. Consequently, studies on the complementary and alternative medical herbs and therapy for the management of menopausal symptoms have followed. And so we have reviewed some international clinical studies about the management of postmenopausal symptoms with acupuncture therapy. Methods: "Menopause and acupuncture" was designated as a key word in the search site. Pub Med, and nine papers dealing with hot flash among the relevant RCTs were selected, and then, the effect of acupuncture on hot flash and the way the researches had been done was examined. Results : The intensity of hot flash reduced significantly and the frequency of hot flash was inclined to reduce, but not significantly, compared to the controlled group. Conclusion: Each clinical test has its limitations in point of the number of the required samples. However, it still shows the possibility that acupuncture itself will be effective enough to reduce the intensity of hot flash to a certain degree. It is believed that extensive clinical tests on the effect of acupuncture on hot flash will need to be done hereafter. And when the tests are carried out, it is required to exclude placebo effect, do blind test, and carefully select and control the methods.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2018

To evaluate the applicability of osteoporosis management by statistical analysis of the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) changes after menopause by dividing the T-score of bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry do. Between January 1, 2016 and July 31, 2017, women who visited the medical center of W Medical Center were enrolled in this study. The postmenopausal period was divided into 5 groups, There were 18 patients within 5 years, 44 patients in 6~10 years, 134 patients in 11~15 years, 109 patients in 16~20 years and 21 patients in 21 years or older. And postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and femur was measured using a dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The lowest value among lumbar spine 1, 2, 3 and 4 and the lowest value among the femoral neck, greater trochanter, total femur, and ward Values were measured. The statistical significance was analyzed by using bivariate correlation coefficient method and one - way ANOVA. In 326 patients who underwent BMD, the correlation between bone mineral density and postmenopausal BMD showed a negative correlation (-.159, p<.01) with BMD of femur and BMD of lumbar spine The correlation between the menopausal period and negative (-.208, p<.01) was shown. There was a significant difference (p<.012) between the postmenopausal femur bone density and the mean value of the lumbar spine BMD (p<.000). The relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and postmenopausal women's postmenopausal status can be estimated by estimating the bone mineral density and using it as a basic data for osteoporosis management.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.680-695
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for developing nursing intervention for middle-aged women. This study identified health status, family functionality and spousal relationship and analyzed relationship between individual characteristics and family functionality/ spousal relationship. The subjects, of this study were 1.723 women from 45 to 55 years of age, who lived in J city. Data were analyzed using percentages, means, t-tests, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients with the SPSS statistical program. The results of the study were as follow: 1. The rate of women who perceived themselves to be healthy was 36.6%, those who did not was 30.8%. The most frequent health problem was a disease of the skeletal system (13.2%). 2. The mean score of family functionality was $3.25{\pm}.60$, with cohesion score of $3.58{\pm}.66$ and adaptability score of $2.99{\pm}.63$. 3. The mean score of total spousal relationship was $3.22{\pm}.42$; the relationship with in-laws was 3.78; sexual relationship, 3.74; life style, 3.44; and recreational activity. 3.39. 4. The women who experienced menopause perceived themselves to be unhealthier than those who did not. 5. Healthy women had a high score at total spousal relationship. personality of spouse. life style, recreational activity, and children's influence. 6. The women from 40 to 50 years of age. and women who graduated from middle or high school and had medium economic status showed a high score in family functionality. There was no correlation between family functionality and experience of the menopause. 7. Lower aged women were not good in personality of spouse (p<.05), sexual relationship (p<.05), and relationship with relatives (p<.05), Inexperienced women's menopause was influenced by their children (p<.05), Women who graduated from middle or high school (p<.001) and had medium economic status (p<.05) showed a high score in spousal relationship. 8. The higher the family functionality score. the higher spousal relationship. score (p<.001): love and communication (p<.001), personality of husband (p<.05), and religion (p<.001). relationship with relatives (p<.05), but the lower the score of recreational activity (p<.05), and share of role (p<.001) in the spousal relationship. 9. In the family functionality, the higher the cohesion score. the higher was the adaptability score (p<.001). l) The higher the cohesion score, the higher were love and communication, personality of husband. life style. sexual relationship. and children's influence, but the lower were share of role in spousal relationship(p<.001). 2) The higher the adaptability score, the higher were love and communication, religion, but the lower were the personality of husband, life style. sexual relationship, recreational activity, relationship with relatives, share of role(p<.001), and children's influence in spousal relationship (p<.05). 10. Variables within the spousal relationship have relationships with other variables. 1) The higher the love and communication score. the higher personality of husband religion, life style, communication. relationship with relatives, and children s influence (p<.001). 2) The higher personality of husband life style sexual relationship. recreational activity, relationship with relatives, share of role, and children's influence (p<.001). 3) The higher the religion score, the lower the recreational activity score (p<.05). 4) The higher the life style, the higher were the sexual relationship, recreational activity. relationship with relatives. share of role, and children's influence (p<.001). 5) The higher the sexual relationship score. the higher were recreational activity. relationship with relatives, share of role. and children's influence (p<.001). 6) The higher the recreational activity, the relationship with relatives, share of role. and children's influence (p<.001). 7) The higher the relationship with relatives, the higher were the share of role. the higher children's influence (p<.001). In conclusion. the spousal relationship was not good in unhealthy women, and the family functionality was related with the age of women and educational level. Also the spousal relationship was related with the age of women, personality of husband, sexual relationship. relationship with relatives by marriage and influence of sons and daughters. Menopause was related with spousal relationship, not related with family functionality. And the family functionality not related with perceived health status. but was correlated with spousal relationship. Therefore, the health management program for middle-aged woman should take place before menopause and must be based on promoting the family functionality and spousal relationship as well as physical health.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.253-262
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify factors influencing osteoporosis in women at pre- and post-menopausal state. Methods: The subjects of this study were 52 pre-menopausal and 125 post-menopausal women who were assessed of bone density in one general hospital. The data were collected through review of clinical records and telephone interviews using a questionnaire. Results: In the pre-menopausal women, the factors influencing osteoporosis were regular exercise (protective factor) and age (risk factor). Regression analysis showed that the factors attributable to osteoporosis included educational level, weight, age and number of pregnancy, accounted for 41.89% of the total variance. In the post-menopausal women. the factors influencing osteoporosis were age (risk factor), low educational level (risk factor), low economical state (risk factor), high parity (risk factor), and intake of coffee (protective factor). Regression analysis also showed that factors attributable to their osteoporosis included age, educational level, number of delivery, intake of the coffee, regular exercise, number of pregnancy and duration of oral pill intake, accounted for 37.41 % of the total variance. Conclusion: In pre-menopausal women, regular exercise was one of the most powerful determinant of their bone mass. Therefore, it is necessary to participate in a regular exercise program to maintain peak bone mass density prior to the onset of menopause. In post-menopausal women, increased age was the most influencing factor of their bone mass. Therefore, it is essential to establish early diagnosis and management of osteoporosis after menopause.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.630-638
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• 2011

This study was performed to assess the relationships among bone mineral density, anthropometric measurements, maternal factors and exercise in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Anthropometric measurements were taken by a trained practitioner and the maternal factors of the 78 subjects in Gyeonggi-do were acquired by an interview questionnare. The BMD of the lumbar spine(L2~L4), femoral neck, Ward's triangles and trochanters were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The mean age of the premenopausal women was 45.23 years and that of the postmenopausal women whose ase of menopause was 49.37 years was 61.27 years. The age, waist and waist to hip ratio of postmenopausal women were significantly higher than those of premenopausal women. BMD of the lumbar spine(L2~L4) in postmenopausal women was significantly higher than that of premenopausal women. Number of children and age at last delivery were significantly higher in postmenopausal women than those in premenopausal women. The BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of premenopausal women was positively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist and WHR and the BMDs of these two sites in postmenopausal women were positively correlated with height, and weight. In postmenopausal women, BMD of the lumbar spine was negatively correlated with duration time after menopause and BMD of the femoral neck was positively correlated with age at last delivery. These results suggest that it is necessary to maintain adequate body weight. Health management and education about performing more exercise are recommended for postmenopausal women to prevent osteoporosis.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for uterine myoma diagnosed by ultrasonography in Korea women and to evaluate the risk. Among the patients who visited the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynecology at I hospital in Busin between January 2019 and March 2021 for the purpose of examination, 98 patients in the experimental group diagnosed with uterine myoma and 163 patients in the normal control group without other diseases were retrospectively conducted. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, age, body mass index, parity, and menopause showed significant differences between the myoma group and the normal control group. ROC(receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed to obtain the cut off value and odds ratio that can predict the occurrence of uterine myoma. The cut off value for the prediction of uterine myoma was determined to be 30 years old and a body mass index of 23 kg/m². After that adjusting for menopause, non menopausal cases with a body mass index of 23 kg/m² and over 39 years of age had the highest odds ratio of 6.04. Therefore, premenopausal women over 40 years of age require regular checkups and thorough weight management. This study was conducted with a small number of subjects. Therefore, there is a limit to generalizing to all Korean women. However, based on this study if a large scale prospective study considering various variables is made, it can play a role as a predictive marker in early detection of uterine myoma.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.499-508
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• 2020

연구의 목적은 폐경기 이후 여성의 성공적 노화를 돕고 우울감을 낮추는 자가 관리 프로그램을 개발하고자 대상자의 참여 동기, 성공적 노화 수준, 건강행위 정도와 우울감 수준을 파악하고, 상관관계를 알아보는 것이다. 연구의 방법은 폐경기 이후 여성 252명을 대상으로 빈도, 백분율 및 일원분류 분산분석(One Way ANOVA)을 사용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 일반적 특성에 따른 운동 참여 동기와 성공적 노화의 수준 차이는 건강수준, 운동 종류, 운동 도움 여부, 거주지 등에 따라 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 건강행위 수준과 우울감의 수준은 연령, 건강수준, 운동 종류, 운동 수행 기간 등에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 우울감의 수준은 동거가족에서도 유의한 차이를 보였다. 상관관계 분석결과 운동 참여 동기와 성공적 노화, 건강행동 간은 상관계수 .001 수준에서, 우울감과 건강행동 간은 상관계수 .05 수준에서 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 결론은 폐경기 이후 여성의 자가 관리 운동 프로그램 개발은 매우 중요하며, 이는 성공적 노화를 돕고 우울감을 낮출 수 있을 것이다.