• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.87-95
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• 2007

Many kinds of environment friendly agricultural materials were used for the insect pest control and the control of plant diseases, furthermore they support the growth of crops in the greenhouses and the kindly environment friendly farming. Phytoseiulus persimilis might be used for control of two-spotted mites with environment friendly agricultural materials at the same time. For testing the toxicity of environment friendly agricultural materials against to p. persimilis, 61 environment friendly agricultural materials were selected by material contents and using methods. When environment friendly agricultural materials were directly sprayed on P. persimilis, IEFAM C, FEFAM A, EFAMSM A, D, EFAMPE A, EFAMCh B, EFAMME A, and EFAMMo C killed over 90%. However, there was no effects to FEFAM C, D, EFAMSM C, EFAML A, EFAMME C, E, H, J, EFAMMo G and I against P. persimilis. P. persimilis adults were not survived in vial for 48 hours after sprayed and dried with the environment friendly agricultural materials, fer examples, EFAMSM I, EFAMME A, EFAMMo A, C, and I. Otherwise, EFAMCh C and EFAMMo B were no effects to P. persimilis. Some environment friendly agricultural materials are of different qualities, and consequently test of their foxily have to necessary.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2009

Background: The goal of this study was to compare the patency and complications of femoropopliteal bypass with superficial femoral artery stenting for patients with atherosclerotic superficial femoral artery occlusive disease. Material and Method: Between July 2005 and July 2008, we reviewed 29 femoropopliteal bypass procedures (24 patients) with prosthetic grafts (the bypass group) and 19 superficial femoral artery stentings (15 patients) with nitinol stent (the stent group). There were 35 male patients (89.7%) and the mean age of the patients was 69.2 years (range: 48~84). The number of patients who had DM, hypertension and a smoking history was 25 patients (64.1%), 17 patients (43.6%) and 30 patients (76.9%), respectively. 23 (59.0%) patients had skin ulceration or tissue gangrene at admission. Result: There were 27 cases (93.0%) of TASC C&D lesion in the bypass group and 16 cases (84.2%) of TASC A&B lesion in the stent group. There were significant differences for the indications for a procedure between the two groups (p<0.01). The primary patency rates at 6 months, 12 months and 24 months were 91.9%, 79.7% and 79.7% for the bypass group and 93.3%, 86.2% and 86.2% for the stent group, respectively. There were no statistical difference between the two groups (p=0.48). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the outcome between two groups. TASC C&D lesion and failed intervention therapy should be treated with femoropopliteal bypass surgery, and TASC A&B lesion and the high-risk patients should be treated with femoral artery stent insertion.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.57-73
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• 1996

These studies were consist of two sub-experiment. In order to study the effect of Banhahubaktang on the Cell-cytotoxicity In vitro. We had put through MTT Assay. In order to investigate the effects of Banhahubaktang on the ICR mice which had Abdominal tumor induced by Sarcoma-180 cell line, C57BL/6 mice which had pulmonary melanoma induced by B16 cell line. After Sarcoma-180 cell line and B16 cell line were transplanted, the extract of Banhahubaktang was orally administered to the mice to observe the extension of survival time of the mice, inhibition of solid tumor, inhibition of pulmonary melanoma metastasis. productivity of Interleukin-2, NK-Activity. The results were summarized as follows: 1. On the MTT assay, in case of $100{\mu}g/ml$ and $10{\mu}g/ml$ of Banhahubaktang concentration were inhibited cell viability significantly. But $1{\mu}g/ml$ of Banhahubaktang was tended to inhibit cell viability with no significance. 2. In the effect of life extension, Banhahubaktang treated group appeared to survive longer than the control group, but which were not significant. 3. In the effect of inhibit solid tumor, Banhahubaktang treated group appeared to decrease than the control group, but which were not significant. 4. In the effect of inhibit melanoma pulmonary metastasis. Banhahubaktang treated group appeared to inhibit than the control group significantly. 5. In the productivity of Interleukin-2, on 7 and 14 day, Banhahubaktang treated group increased than control group, which were significant. But on 21 day, test group and control group were much in common. 6. In the NK-Activity, Banhahubaktang treated group and control group were much in common.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2013

Purpose: In this study, we evaluated the physical and thermal properties of the compositions made by blending glass fiber (GF) of different contents into glass fiber polyamide-66, and investigated if the compositions applying to the glasses frame to replace the TR-90, which is polyamide-12 resin used as an injection-type spectacle frame material. Methods: To investigate the characteristics change of polyamide-66 (PA-66) compositions with the change of the content of glass fibers, we produced a composition of the content by using a twin-screw extruder. The mechanical strength of the composition production was measured and coating properties as well as cutting processability were evaluated. We evaluated the applicability of the glasses frame by comparison the results of new compositions with characterizations of traditional TR. Results: For the results of the characterization of Polyamide-66/GF composition, we found that the higher increase of content of the glass fiber, the less mold shrinkage rate, and the mechanical strength was increased. Tensile strength increased from $498kg/cm^2$ for 0 wt% of the content of the glass fibers to $849kg/cm^2$ for 30 wt% of the content of the glass fibers. As a result of a coating evaluation, the strength of coating was 4B in the GF 5wt% and 5B, which was extremely good coating characteristics, in the over than GF 5 wt%. Conclusions: In case that 30 wt% of the glass fiber was blended, the mechanical strength was greatly improved, the hardness was increased, injection temperature increased due to increase of the viscosity, and the flow mark of the product may occur. The paint coating of PA-66 blended with glass fiber was all excellent. With general evaluating physical properties and workability properties it was determined that around 10 wt% of the content of the glass fibers was possible to apply a spectacle frame.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

Until now, the pore size distribution, PSD, of soil profile has been calculated from soil moisture characteristic data by water release method or mercury porosimetry using the capillary rise equation. But the current methods are often difficult to use and time consuming. Thus, in this work, theoretical framework for an easy and fast technique was suggested to estimate the PSD from unsaturated hydraulic conductivity data in an undisturbed field soil profile. In this study, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity data were collected and simulated by the variation of soil parameters in the given boundary conditions (Brooks and Corey soil parameters, ${\alpha}_{BC}=1-5L^{-1}$, b = 1 - 10; van Genuchten soil parameters, ${\alpha}_{VG}=0.001-1.0L^{-1}$, m = 0.1 - 0.9). Then, $K_s$ (1.0 cm $h^{-1})$ was used as the fixed input parameter for the simulation of each models. The PSDs were estimated from the collected K(h) data by model simulation. In the simulation of Brooks-Corey parameter, the saturated hydraulic conductivity, $K_s$, played a role of scaling factor for unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(h) Changes of parameter b explained the shape of PSD curve of soil intimately, and a ${\alpha}_{BC}$ affected on the sensitivity of PSD curve. In the case of van Genuchten model, $K_s$ and ${\alpha}_{VG}$ played the role of scaling factor for a vertical axis and a horizontal axis, respectively. Parameter m described the shape of PSD curve and K(h) systematically. This study suggests that the new theoretical technique can be applied to the in situ prediction of PSD in undisturbed field soil.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.953-958
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of beverage (beverage HC and beverage PG) using herbs on antimicrobial activity, proliferation of hepatic cancer cell (Hep3B) lines and sarcoma 180 (S-180) and antiallergy, respectively. Beverage PG showed higher antimicrobial activity than beverage HC against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Beverage HC and PG showed the tumor suppressive effect in mice injected with S-180 cells. The growth-inhibitoy ratio against tumor cells were $66\%\;for\;10\%$ beverage HC, $61\%\;for\;10\%$ beverage PG. In an anti-cancer test using Hep3B cells, beverage PG showed higher anti-proliferating effect than beverage HC. Beverage PG showed growth-inhibitory effect of $69.2\%\;at\;100\%$ beverage PG. Beverage PG inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80. In conclusion, these results suggest that beverage using herbs have an antimicrobial activity, anti-proliferating effect against Hep3B cell and S-180 tumor and will be beneficial in treatment of allergic reaction.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.137-157
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• 1993

This study was carried out to investigate the optimal condition for multiple propagation through leaf tissue culture and to apply anther culture techniques to Pulsatilla koreana Nakai breeding. Leaf and anther of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai were cultured on MS, MT, LS and $B_5$ media supplemented with several growth regulators and nitrogen sources under various conditions. For callus induction and differentiation from the Pulsatilla koreana leaf segments were more effective in the combination of zeatin and auxin than auxin alone. The color of the callus was green when treated with IBA alone. Shoot differentiation was more effective when treated with zeatin than auxin alone, especially the best hormoal combination for shoot differentiation was zeatin 1.0mg/l +NAA 0.1mg/l, while 2,4-D inhibited shoot differentiation. The appeared rate of S pollen was 35% in vivo, while that of S pollen by low temperature$(4^{\circ}C)$ pretreatment for 4 days was increased by 53% and the optimum culture time for callus induction from anther was uni-nucleate stage. $B_5$ basal medium supplemented with NAA 0.5mg/l and zeatin 1 mg/l was the most effective on callus formation and the best results of plant regeneration were obtained from combination of NAA 0.5mg/l and zeatin 0.5mg/l in anther culture. $NH_{4}NO_3$ as more effectives as the nitrogen source than $KNO_3$ and the combination with zeatin 2.0mg /L was the best effective. The best combination for plant regeneration in callus induced from anther was $NH_{4}NO_3$ 1650mg/l + $KNO_3$ 3800mg/l + zeatin 2.0mg/l. Ploidy level of anther-derived plants appeared 28% haploid, 47% diploid and the others were triploid, tetraploid and mixploid. In compare with E.S.T, M.D.H and P.X banding patterns were distinguished among callus, haploid and diploid plants in electrophoresis.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2000

The efforts were made to optimite ethanol extraction from persimmon leaf with the time of extraction$(1.5{\sim}2.5\;hrs)$, the temperature of extraction$(70{\sim}90^{\circ}C)$, and the concentration of ethanol$(0{\sim}40%)$ as three primary variables together with several functional characteristics of persimmon leaf as reaction variables. The conditions of extraction was best fitted by using response surface methodology through the center synthesis plan, and the optimal conditions of extraction were established. The contents of soluble solid and soluble tannin went up as the concentration of ethanol went up and the temperature of extraction went down, and the turbidity went down as the concentration of ethanol went down. Electron donation ability was hardly affected by the extraction temperature and had the tendency to go up as the concentration of ethanol went up. The inhibitory activity of xanthine oxidase(XOase) had the tendency to go up as both the concentration of ethanol and the temperature of extraction went up. The inhibitory activity of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE), the significance of which still was not recognized, showed the maximum when the concentration of ethanol was 27%. In result, the optimal conditions of extraction was the extraction time of two hours, the extraction temperature of $75{\sim}81^{\circ}C$, and the ethanol concentration of $33{\sim}35%$.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

Mushroom waste medium refers to the waste biomass generated after mushroom cultivating. And, the burden of treatment on mushroom farmhouse is increasing due to the absence of appropriate treatment method and increase of treatment costs of the mushroom waste medium. In this study, in order to assess the energy value of mushroom waste medium by an anaerobic digestion, methane potential and anaerobic organic matter decomposition characteristics were investigated. The theoretical methane potential(B_th) of mushroom medium(MM) was 0.481 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added, and the B_th of mushroom waste medium(MWM) was 0.451 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added. The biochemical methane potential(B_u-exp) of MWM was increased by 18% from 0.155 for MM to 0.183 Nm³-CH₄/kg-VS_added for MWM. In the reaction kinetics analysis by the Modified Gompertz model, the maximum methane production rate(R_m) was increased from 4.59 for MM to 7.21 mL/day for MWM and the lag growth phase time(λ) was decreased from 2.78 for MM to 1.96 days for MWM. In the reaction kinetics analysis by the parallel first order kinetics model, the easily degradable organic matter(VS_e) content was increased by 5.89% and the persistently degradable organic matter(VS_p) content was 2.03% in MWM, and the non-degradable organic matter(VS_NB) content was decreased by 7.85%. Therefore, it was evaluated that the anaerobic digestion efficiency of MWM was increased. The anaerobic digestion efficiency of MWM was assessed to be more improved than that of MM.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 1997

Heart transplantation is now accepted as a definitive therapeutic modality in patients with terminal hear failure. The first successful heart transplantation in humans was done in 1967 and the first case in Korea was performed in november, 1992. Since the first case in 1992, more than 50 cases have been performed in Korea. A total of 20 patients underwent orthotopic heart transplantation since November, 1992 in Asan Medicla Center. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the early results and the follow-up course of 20 cases of heart transplantation done in Asan Medical Center. The average age of 20 patients was 39.9$\pm$11.8 years old(20~58). The mean follow-up duration was 14.4$\pm$11.2 months(1~41). All patients are alive till now. The blood type was identical in 14 and compatible in 6 patients. ihe original heart disease was dilated cardiomyopathy in 16, valvular heart disease in 2, ischemic cardiomyopathy in 1, and giant cell myocarditis in 1 patient. HLA cross matching for recipient and donor was done in 18 cases and the results were negative for T-cell and B-cell in 16 patients, pos tive for warm B-cell in 2 patients. Among 6 loci of A, B, and DR, one locus was matched in 8 cases, 2 loci in 5 cases, and 3 loci matched in 1 case. The number of acute allograft rejection averaged 2.8$\pm$0.5 (0~6) per case and the number of acute allograft rejection requiring treatment averaged 1.0$\pm$0.9 (1~3) per case. The time interval from operation to the first acute rejection requiring treatment was 35.5$\pm$20.4 days (5~60). Acute humoral rejection was suspected strongly in 1 case and was successfully treated. The left ventricular ejection fraction measured by echocardiography and/or MUGA scan was dramatically increased from 17.5$\pm$6.8 (9~32)% to 58.9$\pm$2.0 (55~62)% after heart transplantation. Temporary pacing was needed in 5 patients over 24 hours but normal sinus rhythm appeared within 7 days in all cases. One patient has been taken permanent pacemaker implantation due to complete AV block appearing 140 days after heart transplantaion. One patient had cyclosporine-associated n urotoxicity during the immediate postoperative period and was recovered after 27 hours. The heart transplantation of Asan Medical Center is on a developing stage but the early result is comparable to that of well established centers in other countries, even though the long-term follow-up result must be reevaluated. We can conclude that the heart transplantion is a promising therapeutic option in patients with terminal heart failure.