• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.833-841
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop patties by substituting a portion of meat by bamboo (Sasa borealis) leaf extract (SBE) and/or cooked rice. Four types of patty were prepared: Control, S, SI, and SII. S was the patty for which 2.5% of meat was substituted with SBE. SI and SII were the patties with 25% or 50%, of meat, respectively, substituted with cooked rice containing SBE. The moisture contents of S, SI, and SII patties were not changed. The compositions of fat, cholesterol, and protein of S, SI, and SII patties were decreased. Cooking loss of weight as well as the diameters of S, SI, and SII patties were decreased. pH was increased in S patty, hardness was reduced in SI and SII patties, and malondialdehyde values were lowered in S, SI, and SII patties, compared to control. The S, SI, and SII patties were evaluated higher for color in sensory tests and preference tests. Through preference tests of burgers with these patties, the overall taste of the SI patty was assessed highly among the 4 patties. Therefore, it may be concluded that developing a patty by substituting a portion of meat with SBE and/or cooked rice may be worthwhile.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.729-736
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidative effects of pyruvate, taurine and melatonin on sperm characteristics(motility, membrane integrity) and lipid peroxidation(LPO) for in vitro storage of boar semen. Semen was treated with various antioxidants such as pyruvate(1mM), taurine(50mM) and melatonin(100nM) with or without 100uM H2O2. Antioxidant treatments were significantly increased the sperm motility when compare to control group in all incubation periods(P≤0.05). Hypoosmotic swelling test(HOST), membrane integrity was similar to the result of motility. In lipid peroxidation measurement by TBA reactions of spermatozoal plasma membrane, malondialdehyde(MDA) level in control and antioxidant treatments were lower than those of antioxidant plus H2O2 or H2O2 treatment for 3 to 6 h incubation period. Relationships of evaluation methods for sperm viability were investigated by motility, membrane integrity and lipid peroxidation. Among evaluation methods, LPO vs motility and membrane integrity vs LPO were negatively correlated(－0.23~－0.92 and －0.68~－0.85), but membrane integrity vs motility was positively correlated (0.53~0.94) in all treatments. These experiments indicate that supplementation of antioxidant to the semen extender can increase the sperm motility and membrane integrity and decrease the lipid peroxidation of spermatozoal plasma membrane. The HOST might be utilized to evaluate the sperm quality instead of lipid peroxidation or motility.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.216-224
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• 2018

To evaluate physiological effect of Aralia elata, in vitro antioxidant activity and hepatic protective effects were investigated. Ethyl acetate fraction from Aralia elata (EFAE) had higher total phenolic content than other fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, and distilled water layers). EFAE also showed significantly greater radical scavenging activity against 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), than other fractions. Moreover, EFAE showed dose-dependent inhibitory effect of malondialdehyde (MDA). Hepatoprotective effects of EFAE against ethanol- and $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity in H4IIE and HepG2 hepatic cells were examined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) and 3-[4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The results showed that EFAE reduced cellular oxidative stress, and increased hepatic cell viability. In addition, EFAE inhibited ethanol-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Finally, physiological substances of EFAE were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the major bioactive compounds identified were 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid and chlorogenic acid.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.225-237
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• 2018

This study was conducted to compare nutritional analysis and neuroprotective effect of 5 cultivars of Diospyros kaki (Dungsi, Godongsi, Gojongsi, Gabjubaekmok, and Bansi). In nutritional analysis, three free sugars: sucrose, glucose, and fructose, and six fatty acids: tartaric acid, hexadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, octadecenamide, and octadecane, were detected. Potassium and phosphorus levels were the highest in inorganic component analysis, and glutamic acid and aspartic acid were the highest contents in amino acid analysis. Vitamin C was detected in all cultivars. Total phenolic content was the highest in Dungsi. Antioxidant activities such as ABTS (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activities, FRAP (ferric reducing/antioxidant power), and MDA (malondialdehyde) inhibitory effect were the highest in Gabjubaekmok. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were measured to confirm the neuroprotective effect in MC-IXC cells. Gabjubaekmok showed significant acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and neuroprotection.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.524-531
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• 2017

The study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity and neuroprotective effect of the ethyl acetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extract (EFOJ) and its main constituent compounds. Among all fractions, the highest content of total phenolics was found in EFOJ. The antioxidant activity of EFOJ was confirmed through the 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 1-1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays and the inhibitory effect of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, we ascertained that EFOJ not only decreased the intracellular ROS level, but also protected the neuronal cells against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress. In liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, the following were found to be the main compounds of EFOJ: quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside. Consequently, these results suggested that the protective effect on neuronal cells was based on the antioxidant activities of the physiologically active compounds of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger extract, which could therefore help to mitigate neurodegenerative diseases.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.274-283
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• 2020

This study focused on the in vitro investigation of antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities, along with neuroprotection against high glucose-induced cytotoxicity, in order to evaluate the physiological effects of Zanthoxylum piperitum and Zanthoxylum schinifolium. The highest total phenolic content was measured in the 40% ethanolic extracts of Zanthoxylum piperitum (EZP) and Zanthoxylum schinifolium (EZS). The in vitro EZP antioxidant activity showed a relatively higher ABTS/DPPH radical scavenging activity and malondialdehyde inhibitory effect than that of EZS. The EZP inhibited carbohydrate hydrolysis (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) more efficiently than EZS in anti-diabetic tests. However, EZS showed a more efficient inhibition of advanced glycation end-products formation than EZP. In addition, both EZP and EZS effectively protected human-derived neuronal cells from high glucose-induced cytotoxicity. Finally, the physiological compounds were analyzed using UPLC IMS-QTOF/MS^E, and the main EZP (quercetin-3-O-glucoside and 3-caffeoylquinic acid) and EZS (5-caffeoylquinic acid) compounds were identified as phenolic compounds.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1683-1690
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• 2010

There is an increasing interest in the potential of isoflavone in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, however, although several effects of isoflavone as a component of soy protein are well established, the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of purified isoflavone are still controversial. This study was to investigate the effects of isoflavone on serum lipid profiles and antioxidant status in rats. 7-week old male Sprague Dawley rats were fed one of the following diets for 8 weeks: basal diet (B), basal+0.3% isoflavone (BI), basal+0.5% cholesterol (BC), or basal+0.3% isoflavone +0.5% cholesterol (BIC). Two-way ANOVA was used to test the effects of dietary isoflavone and cholesterol supplementation and their interaction on variables. Serum lipid profiles and total antioxidant status (TAS) were examined spectrophotometrically. Degree of serum lipid peroxidation was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The activities of serum antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, total-SOD) was determined. Levels of serum total cholesterol, VLDL+LDL-cholesterol and Atherogenic index were significantly lower in BI than those levels in group B (p=0.0002, p<0.0001, and p=0.0042, respectively). Serum total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were significantly higher, in both isoflavone supplemented groups (BI, BIC) compared to those levels in each control group (B, BC) (p<0.0001). Activity of total-SOD was significantly higher in BI compared to the activities in group B (p=0.0317). There was no interaction between isoflavone and cholesterol supplementation. In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation showed positive effects on the serum lipid profiles and total antioxidant activities in both conditions, either when fed a diet with or without cholesterol. These effects of isoflavone were independent of cholesterol supplementation.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.268-275
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• 2013

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant activity of cherry added into meat products. Water and methanol were used to extract the antioxidant compounds from cherry. Total phenolic compounds of the methanol and water extract of cherry were 2.17 g/100 g and 2.77 g/100 g, respectively. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of methanol extract showed similar activities to those with ascorbic acid at all concentrations (from 0.1% to 2.0%). Especially, water extract of cherry showed similar activity to those of ascorbic acid (AA), and methanol extract, when 2% of cherry extract was added. The reducing power of cherry was not comparable to those with AA, however no differences in reducing power were observed between the water and methanol extract. The iron chelating ability of cherry was observed in the range of 17.8-94.0% at both water and methanol extracts. An increased iron chelating ability was observed with increased concentration up to 2%. Iron chelating ability for water extract of cherry tended to be lower than those with methanol extract. After pork patties were manufactured with methanol extract of cherry at 0.5 and 1.0%, physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation and microbial changes of patties were measured. The addition of methanol extract of cherry reduced pH, brightness, redness, yellowness and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). During 14 d of storage, pH, TBARS and microbial counts were increased, while redness and yellowness values were decreased. Since the addition of methanol extract of cherry lowered TBARS during storage, it could be used as a natural antioxidant in meat products.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.237-249
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• 2016

In this study, the antioxidant effect of Chungkukjang supplementation against memory impairment and oxidative stress in scopolamine (2 mg/kg i.p)-injected mice was investigated. The experimental animals were divided into five groups and fed experimental diets for 12 weeks; normal diet group (C), scopolamine + normal diet group (S), scopolamine + 63.0% soybean Chungkukjang supplementation group (SS), scopolamine + 45.0% Yakkong Chungkukjang supplementation group (SY), and scopolamine + 50.0% black foods such as black rice, black sesame seeds, and sea tangle added Yakkong Chungkukjang group (SYB). For the results of food intake, body weight gain, and brain weights, levels of scopolamine-injected groups were lower than the levels of the control group. The reduced brain weight of the scopolamine-injected group (S) was regulated to control level by supplementation of three types Chungkukjang. In the oxidative stress indicator, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels in serum of scopolamine-injected mice were higher than those of other groups. However, supplementation of soybeans, Yakkong and black foods added Yakkong Chungkukjang was proven to regulate them. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in serum showed no significant differences among the groups. The reduced levels of vitamin A and vitamin E in serum and brain tissue of scopolamine-injected mice were controlled by supplementation of three types of Chungkukjang. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of scopolamine-injected group was lower than those of other groups. However, TAC was significantly elevated by Chunggukjang supplementation. Therefore, antioxidative effects of soybeans, Yakkong, and black foods added Yakkong Chungkukjang supplementations against oxidative stress in scopolamine-injected in mice could expected.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2016

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common and malignant bone tumors. Although many types of resection surgery and experimental agents were developed, median survival and clinical prognosis are poorly investigated. Recently, several researches have reported that Eucheuma cottonii has potent as protective effects of coal dust-induced lung damage via inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidative stress in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). However, anti-cancer effects and specific molecular mechanism of extract from Eucheuma cottonii (EE) has not been clearly studied yet. This study evaluated that anti-cancer potential of EE in human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells. EE indicated cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Morphological degradation and nucleic condensation were also observed under the EE treatment. However, it did not significantly affect on non-cancerous kidney HEK-293 cells under the same concentration which is shown cytotoxicity on Saos-2 cells. The phosphorylation of Fas-Associated Death Domain (FADD) and expression of cleaved caspase-8, -7 and -3 were upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. In immunofluorescence staining, expression level of Fas and cleaved PARP were upregulated by EE treatment. Furthermore, treatment of EE induces upregulation of sub G1 phase by flow cytometry analysis. The results demonstrated that EE has a therapeutic potential against osteosarcoma via FADD mediated caspase cascade apoptosis signal pathway.