• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
• /
• pp.56-56
• /
• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate on the improvement of fertilizing and developing ability of in vitro matured oocytes from individuals of bulls, sperm type, pretreatment of sperm or oocytes obtained by intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI). 1. The male pronuclear formation and developmental rates of oocytes obtained by ICSI treated individual of bulls were 73.9%-87.0% and 33.3%-60.9%, respectively. 2. The male pronuclear formation and developmental rates of oocytes obtained by ICSI treated fresh and frozen sperm, tail-cutting and tail-scoring sperm were 82.0%, 78.0%, 42.2%, 51.1% and 56.0%, 42.0%, 17.8%, 22.2% respectively. and these values of fresh sperm injection were higher than that of frozen sperm, tail-cutting and tail-scoring. 3. The male pronuclear formation and developmental rates of oocytes obtained by sperm pretreated heparin, BFF(bovine follicula fluid), His, Ca Ionophore(Ⅰ) and Ⅰ ＋ caffeine methods were 66.7%-82.2% and 33.3%-60.6%, respectively. and these values of treatment of Ⅰ＋ caffeine were higher than that of other methods. 4. The male pronuclear formation and developmental rates of oocytes obtained by ICSI treated with or without zona pellucida were 80.0%, 72.0% and 46.0%, 36.0%, respectively.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
• /
• pp.50-50
• /
• 2002

During fertilization, morphological and molecular events in male and female chromatin are precisely controlled in time. However, little information is available on onset of pronuclear formation and first S-phase entry in the pig following intracytoplasmic sperm injection. To assess species specific paternal effect on the pronuclear formation and initiation of first S-phase in the pig, we examined time of onset of male and female pronuclear formation and onset of DNA synthesis in the oocytes following pig or mouse sperm injection. (omitted)

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 숫소 개체별, 정자의 형태, 정자의 전처리 및 난자의 투명대부착과 미부착별로 현미조작에 의해 난자의 세포질내 단일정자를 주입했을 때 웅성전핵 형성율과 체외발생율을 조사하였다. 1. 숫소 개체별 정자를 이용하여 ICSI를 하였을 때 웅성전핵 형성율은 각각 73.9∼87.0%였고 체외발생율은 33.3∼60.9%를 나타냈다. 2. 신선 및 동결정자와 미부절단 정자와 두부, 미부손상 정자를 이용하여 ICSI를 하였을 때 웅성전핵 형성율은 각각 82.0%, 78.0% 42.2%, 51.1%였고, 체외발생율은 56.0%, 42.0%, 17.8%, 22.2%로서 신선정자를 이용했을 때가 다른 처리군에 비해 높은 전핵형성율과 체외발생율을 나타냈다. 3. 정자를 heparin, BFF, His, Ca Ionophore, I + caffeine 액으로 처리후 ICSI를 하였을 때 전핵 형성율은 66.7∼82.2%였고, 체외발생율은 33.3∼60.6%로서 I + caffeine 처리법이 다른 처리군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 4. 투명대 부착 난자 및 미부착 난자로 ICSI를 하였을 때 전핵형성율은 각각 80.0%, 72.0%였고, 체외발생율은 46.0%, 36.0%로서, 토명대부착 난자가 투명대 미부착 난자에 비해 높은 웅성전핵 형성율과 체외발생율을 나타냈다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of $\alpha$-tocopherol and cysteamine with Whitten's medium in supporting the development on in vitro maturation(IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in culture(IVC) on porcine oocytes. When the immature oocytes were cultured of $\alpha$-tocopherol for 40h, the nuclear maturation rates were 39, 4, 52.5 and 54.1%, respectivley. The nuclear maturation rates of treat groups were signficantly (P<0.05) higher than those of non-treat groups. After matureation, the oocytes were inseminated in vitro in medium 199 with ejaculated spermatoza for examination of sperm penetration, polyspermy, male pronuclear(MPN) formation, and cleavage rate. Sperm penetration rates of treat higher than the control groups(P<0.05), and MPN formation rates were significantly(P<0.05) higher on treated groups (24.3~53.1%) than control groups(14.2~21.4%). After insemination, the cleavage rates at 120hr were groups higher than control groups(P<0.05).

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수정란이식학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
• /
• pp.29-29
• /
• 2001

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.353-360
• /
• 2002

Although successful pronuclear formation and apposition were seen in porcine oocytes following mouse sperm injection, little is known on the morphology of male and female pronuclei following sperm injection. The objective of this study is to describe the ultrastructure of porcine zygote following murine sperm injection in relation to the chronology of pronuclear S phase. At 40h ~ 44h following in vitro maturation, Cumulus cells were removed in TCM-HEPES with 0.1% hyaluronidase. Then, spermatozoa was injected into the cytoplasm of oocytes. After. injection, all oocytes were transferred to NCSU23 medium and cultured at 39$^{\circ}C$ under 5% $CO_2$ in air. Oocytes were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in Dulbeccos phosphate-buffered saline and observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Nuclear precursor bodies were observed in each pronucleus. A cluster of large and small granules was attached in the nucleolus precursor body. After the apposition of male and female chromatin, chromatin condensation was observed throughout the nucleoplasm and nucleolus precursor bodies and condensed chromatin in contact with clusters of small and large granules and the nuclear envelope were found in apposed pronuclear regions. These results suggest that non-species specific nuclear cytoplasmic interactions take place during pronuclear formation and apposition following sperm injection.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.331-340
• /
• 1998

본 연구에서는 돼지 난자내에 돼지정자, 여러 가지 처리된 정자두부 (1% Triton, 0.1% Trypsin, 100mM NaOH)및 이종정자 (소, 쥐, 사람)를 미세 주입한 후 난 활성과 웅성 전핵형성, 전핵의 이동 및 배발달을 관찰하였다. 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 Triton X-100을 처리하였을 때 첨체가 제거되었으나 핵 주변 물질은 제거되지 않았고 Trypsin 또는 NaOH를 처리 할 경우 핵주변 물질 (perinuclear material)이 제거됨을 볼 수 있었다. 돼지 난자는 정자, 정자두부 및 Triton X-100을 처리한 정자두부의 주입을 통해 난 활성이 유도되었으며 쥐, 소, 사람의 정자를 주입하였을 때 난 활성이 유도되고 정상적인 전핵형성이 이루어졌다. 그러나 정자꼬리나 Trypsin 또는 NaOH에 의해 정자 핵주변 물질(perinuclear material)이 제거된 정자두부를 주입하였을때는 난 활성은 야기되지 않았다. 유사분열 및 2-세포기까지 정상적인 수정은 동종의 정자 및 정자두부를 주입한 난자에서 관찰할 수 있었으나 이 종정자를 주입한 난자에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 상실배 및 배 반포까지 정상적인 수정은 동종의 정자 및 정자두부를 주입한 난자에서 관찰할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 돼지에서 정자 및 정자두부의 미세주입에 의해 수정이 이루어지는 것을 시사하며 수정시 정자유래의 난할성인자는 정자 핵주변 물질(porinuclear material)에 존재하며 종특이적이지 않다는 것을 보여주는 것이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 1999

Bovine oocytes with compact and complete cumulus cells were cultured in 6 groups for up to 24h in TCM199 buffered with 25 mmol/1 HEPES and supplemented with 10% FCS, 1 mg/ml $17{\beta}$-estradiol, 20 IU/ml hCG. Half of the oocytes at each group cultured in the presence of $25{\mu}g/ml$ cycloheximide at different times during maturation (0, 6, 12, 18, 20, 22 h) were fixed at 24 h of maturation to examine the nuclear progression. The rests of them were inseminated with frozen-thawed spermatozoa in medium BO with 10 mg/ml BSA and 10 mg/ml heparin and fixed after additional 18-20 h culture to evaluate the sperm head transformation. When a protein synthesis inhibitor was added at the onset of the maturation, the oocytes were prevented to proceed GVBD. A few of the oocytes (16%) were able to be penetrated and sperm head decondensation was inhibited either. Addition of cycloheximide after 6-12 h of culture resulted in an increasing percentage of GVBCD (more than 80%), but the oocytes became arrested in M-I (69.2%). More than half of the oocytes was penetrated with a decondensing sperm head. Formation of male pronucleus was first obtained at 12 h of culture in the presence of cycloheximide. When cycloheximide was added from 18 h of culture onwards, nuclear progression to M-II was increasingly restored (80.4-85.5%). The proportion of male and female pronuclear formation increased from 17.9% to 46.2%. It is concluded that protein synthesis is necessary not only for GVBD and development from M-I to M-II, but also for sperm head decendensation and male pronuclear formation in bovine oocytes.

• 한국가축번식학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 1996

Bovine immature oocytes cultured for various times in TC-199 medium were inseminated with frozne-thawed spermatozoa in TC-199 medium supplemented with caffeine(5mM) and heparin(10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). Sperm penetraton was possible in oocytes at any stage of maturation, but penetration rates were lower in oocytes inseminated 0~16h (60~76%) than 20h (98%) after culture. Formation of male and female pronuclei were first observed in oocytes inseminated 8h after cultrue. Formation of male and female pronuclei were first observed in oocytes inseminated 8h after culture. The proportions of polyspermy were high(50~76%) in oocytes inseminated at any stage of maturation. Sperm penetration into oocytes at the GV stage started at 8h after insemination and the penetration rates gradually increased as time after insemination proceeds. The proportion(35%) of oocytes matured beyond metaphase-II 20h after sperm-oocytes incubation was low. When oocytes were incubated without spermatozoa in TC-199 medium, maturation rates were significantly higher (P<0.001) in those without(45 and 84% for 16 and 20 h) than with (0 and 36% for 16 and 20 h) caffeine and heparin. These results indicate that TC-199 medium with caffeine and heparin is not suitable for maturation and fertilization of immature oocytes and may inhibit male pronuclear formation in the cytoplasm.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.229-235
• /
• 2018

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) has been known to be a critical element in cell division including centrosome maturation, cytokinesis and spindle formation in somatic, cancer, and mammalian embryonic cells. In particular, Plk1 is highly expressed in cancer cells. Plk1 inhibitors, such as BI2536, have been widely used to prevent cell division as an anticancer drug. In this study, the fertilized murine oocytes were treated with BI2536 for 30 min after recovery from the oviduct to investigate the effect of down-regulation of Plk1 in the in vivo-fertilized murine embryos. Then, the localization and expression of Plk1 was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The sperm which had entered into the oocyte cytoplasm did not form male pronuclei in BI2536-treated oocytes. The BI2536-treated oocytes showed significantly lower expression of Plk1 than non-treated control group. In addition, alpha-tubulin and Plk1 gathered around sperm head in non-treated oocytes, while BI2536-treated oocytes did not show this phenomenon. The present study demonstrates that the Plk1 inhibitor, BI2536, hinders fertilization by inhibiting the formation of murine male pronucleus.