• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.12
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• pp.74-85
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• 2007

The animation exercises its influence all over the our lives, specially it has originated the new film industry by combining and applying with movies and CF. The current of time being active of animation industry brought about many changes to all the field of making films, planning and consumption. This paper is written for to inspect animation techniques that has developed to expand and break the limit of the animation's processing and expanding the part of expression. Specially by analyzing which is made by PIXAR, inquired how the 12 Disney animation skills were applied. As a result, the 12 Disney animation skills were combined to express one natual movement. Even though is 3D animation made by not Disney but PIXAR and made in 2004, it was applied and followed the 2D animation's the processing skill in 1987. Consequently, we could know even if the production, the way to produce and the time change, the exact same way of the 1987's producing skill has applied for now.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.229-236
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• 2017

Flow characteristics analysis and tracer test simulations for the rectangular typed sedimentation basins, which have been operated at D_water treatment plant in Korea, were carried out using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) techniques for design ($15,864m^3/day$) and operation flowrate ($33,333m^3/day$). Also, each efficiency of the sedimentation basin was evaluated by application of the Lagrangin technique on the assumption of the particles flowing into the inlet of the sedimentation basin. From the results of simulation, the mean velocity values for making the flow in the settling basin as a plug flow region were derived as 0.00193 m/s and 0.00417 m/s, respectively. In addition, ${\beta}$ (effective contact factor) values were calculated to be 0.51 and 0.46, and the Morrill Index values were 6.05 and 3.21, respectively for both flowrate conditions.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

GNTECH-ICEE, which this study seeks to investigate and evaluate, demonstrates a new system of training innovative engineers. An essential component of this operation is a Small Engineering Group (SEG) that links professors, students and industrial experts together, to study and apply different techniques in determining the processes and products that relate industrial sectors needs. As an education program, SEG also provides a right direction for educating students, and generates industry-university link based human resources. Through these efforts, GNTECH-ICEE has effectively trained creative, professional, and practical engineers, by operating a variety of programs for meeting industrial needs and enhancing engineering education. SEG has many merits that have influenced its success so far, but the program also faces some challenges. The merits include; strong group bondage, practical ability incubation, and efficient administrative support. In terms of demerits, it is evident that sufficient theoretical education and local small-middle size enterprises (SMEs)' sustainable participation cannot be warranted. Thus, we propose that initiative strategies have been helpful to maximize GNTECH-ICEE's goal of making students into multi-player engineer, but continuously financial and administrative strategies be put into place in order to guarantee SMEs' long-term devotion to the program, and to help create a sustainable network between students and the companies involved.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.150-160
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• 1997

The tendency of the Minimalism in the contemporary a architecture is based on Mies van der Rohe s saying ‘나SS IS m more" as the principle of the Minimal art and its formative c composition. It can be divided into technical Minimalism p prevailed in Northern Europe and the zone of German l language, and the regional one in Southern Europe and S Southern America. The former is interested in the experiences of the techniques and materials, and the latter in that of the s space and the place through the simple forms. The minialistic approach to the architecture is nat only m methodological one. It accepts the concept and the construction of architecture as 2 axes for making it keeps the tradition and c communication with the master builder, the materials, and i염 m means to compound. The expressive characteristics of works in M Minimalism are 1) as the formal issue, it is simple, self-referring. without any symbol or any allusion, and compounds the r repetitive forms as the comceptual aspec않 of architecture, 2) it h has the characteristies such as the approach directly to the m means by which architecture made, the critical interests to the m material attributes, and the capacity to the contemporary t technology as the issue of technique and materials, 3) regarding t the space and the place, it shows the good sense to the site in t the sphere intervention of architecture 1e Maininlalism architecture has i않 impotance in the point t that it seeks to the qualities immanent in architecture by s showing the marvelous status through discovering the i immanent properties of the site, program materials, and the s structure, and also it begins new way of interpreting a architecture with new viewpoint to the its essence as well as a architecture itself.self.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.615-622
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• 2014

The Korean film market has rapidly achieved an international scale, and this has led to a need for decision-making based on analytical methods that are more precise and appropriate. In this modern era, a highly advanced information environment can provide an overwhelming amount of data that is generated in real time, and this data must be properly handled and analyzed in order to extract useful information. In particular, the preprocessing of large data, which is the most time-consuming step, should be done in a reasonable amount of time. In this paper, we investigated a big data preprocessing method for predicting movie box office success. We analyzed the movie data characteristics for specialized preprocessing methods, and used the Hadoop MapReduce framework. The experimental results showed that the preprocessing methods using big data techniques are more effective than existing methods.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.479-487
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• 2016

People can listen to almost every type of music by music streaming services without possessing music. Ironically it is difficult to choose what to listen to. A music recommendation system helps people in making a choice. However, existing recommendation systems have high computation complexity and do not consider context information. Emotion is one of the most important context information of music. Lyrics can be easily computed with various language processing techniques and can even be used to extract emotion of music from itself. We suggest a music-level similarity evaluation method using emotion and structure. Our result shows that it is important to consider semantic information when we evaluate similarity of music.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.482-493
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• 2014

Many kinds of carbon emission monitoring systems or integrated systems have been developed so far. However, despite of the development of related techniques, they tend to be lack of statistic processing functions for feedback and policy-making data for users. In this study, a new CEMS (Carbon Emission Monitoring System) has been suggested and implemented in Sejong City, Korea. This system adapted automatic remote reading system from the site management agency as data hub to collect the electricity, gas and water usage of each household. The CEMS is consisted of 6 parts; carbon emission measurement, carbon emission standard setup and management, statistic analysis and the incentives. CEMS is distinguished with other systems for its UIs for users and the administrators. Also, data sharing with urban information system(UIS) of local government to produce information for users and policy-makers. This system makes it possible to investigate the change of energy consumption patterns, especially depending on the family structure and the housing characteristics. Furthermore, analyzing their correlation with carbon emission, it is expected to provide basic data used to establish urban environmental policies.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.265-279
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• 2017

The climate change has made adverse effects on land surface temperature for many regions of the world. Several climatic studies focused on different downscaling techniques for climatological parameters of different regions. For statistical downscaling of any hydrological parameters, conventional Neural Network Models were used in common. However, it seems that in any modeling study, uncertainty is a vital aspect when making any predictions about the performance. In this paper, Gamma Test is performed to determine the data length selection for training to minimize the uncertainty in model development. Another measure to improve the data quality and model development are wavelet transforms. Hence, Gamma Test with Wavelet decomposed Feedforward Neural Network (GT-WNN) model is developed and tested for downscaled land surface temperature of Patna Urban, Bihar. The results of GT-WNN model are compared with GT-FFNN and conventional Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) model. The effectiveness of the developed models is illustrated by Root Mean Square Error and Coefficient of Correlation. Results showed that GT-WNN outperformed the GT-FFNN and conventional FFNN in downscaling the land surface temperature. The land surface temperature is forecasted for a period of 2015-2044 with GT-WNN model for Patna Urban in Bihar. In addition, the significance of the probable changes in the land surface temperature is also found through Mann-Kendall (M-K) Test for Summer, Winter, Monsoon and Post Monsoon seasons. Results showed an increasing surface temperature trend for summer and winter seasons and no significant trend for monsoon and post monsoon season over the study area for the period between 2015 and 2044. Overall, the M-K test analysis for the annual data shows an increasing trend in the land surface temperature of Patna Urban.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.816-820
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• 2001

This study aimed at relating body condition score (BCS) to ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat over the areas most commonly used to BCS Holstein-Friesian cows, and determining the practicality of ultrasound measurement of subcutaneous fat for assessment of energy status of the cow. Twenty-eight cows were scored to the nearest quarter point on a scale of 1-5 (1=thin and 5=fat) using both visual and tactile techniques. On the same day, ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat were obtained at the lumbar transverse process, thurl and near the tailhead areas on both sides of the cow making six locations. Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between the six ultrasound locations ranged from 0.72-0.93 and were all significantly different from zero (p<0.01). Correlation coefficients between BCS and the mean lumbar, thurl and tailhead ultrasound measurements ranged between 0.67-0.72 and were also significantly different from zero (p<0.01). BCS was highly and significantly correlated to ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous fat. Ultrasound can be used independently or in conjunction with BCS to estimate the nutrition and energy status of cows.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.23
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• pp.53-65
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• 2008

This research investigated and analyzed the structure and material feature of the wall behind the Buddha of main temple in An-dong Bongjeonsa through applying the natural scientific method, in order to closely examine its production technique. As a result of the research, the structural and material feature of the wall has been clarified and its production technique applied to the structure has been understood in a comprehensive sense. The target sample basically adopted the two-layer wall system, which showed a symmetric structure to the center made with the wooden material, and is estimated to follow the structural tendency of a general wall which is organized with the first layer, the midterm layer, and the painting wall layer. Each layer formed by the production procedure showed difference in the material and production method according to its characteristics and roles. And it was identified that, in general, the higher a layer lies, the finer grains it has. Combination of the main materials and the additives, used for the wall forming, was presumed to contribute to improving its durability and conservativeness. Also interaction between the materials generating the conservativeness and the producer's technical effect seemed to fortify solidity of the wall.