• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.146-151
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• 2006

Isoflavone in soybean is known to have the important physiological functions such as antioxidative, estrogenic, and anti-tumor activities. Therefore, isoflavone content is considered as important aspect of soybean quality. The objectives of this study are to determine the isoflavone contents of soybean germplasms including major cultivars in Korea, and to provide the basic information of isoflavone far development soybean cultivar containing high isoflavone content. Among 43 Korean major cultivated soybean samples, the total isoflavone contents were varied from $277.0{\mu}g/g\;to\;2,002.0{\mu}g/g$, and the average total isoflavone content was $1,017.3{\pm}390.0{\mu}g/g$. Total isoflavone content of Seokryangputkong $(2,002{\mu}g/g)$ was the highest among those of the other cultivated soybeans. On the other side, Hwangkeumkong $(277{\mu}g/g)$ contained lower isoflavone than other cultivars. The total isoflavone content of vegetable use or early maturity soybean cultivar $(1,438{\pm}493.7{\mu}g/g)$ showed more higher total isoflavone content than others. The daidzein, glycitein, genistein and total isoflavone contents of 648 soybean germplasms collected in Korea, were ranged $16.9{\sim}2,019.8{\mu}g/g,\;0{\sim}294.9{\mu}g/g,\;38.5\sim1,337.7{\mu}g/g,\;and\;82.6{\sim}3,479.2{\mu}g/g$, respectively, and total isoflavone content of IT 180001 line $(3,479.2{\mu}g/g)$ was the highest among those of other soybean germplasm lines.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.456-461
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• 2010

A study was conducted to investigate the effect of topophysis, and uniting method of rootstock and scion on rooting and subsequent growth of stenting-propagated cut rose ($Rosa$ $hybrida$ Hort.) in an effort to develop an efficient stenting propagation method for domestic rose cultivars. Four cultivars used in this study were two standard type cultivars 'Sweet Yellow' and 'Hanmaum', and two spray type cultivars 'Chelsi' and 'May'. Scions were grafted on cuttings of a rootstock $Rosa$ $indica$ 'Major'. The stenting-propagated scion-rootstock unions were planted in rockwool cubes ($50{\times}50{\times}50mm$, Delta, Grodan, Denmark) and were placed in a graft-take chamber for five days before being placed on misted greenhouse beds. The rootstock was removed of all leaves and nodes. Both the base of scions and top of stocks were simultaneously cut at a $45^{\circ}$ angle for grafting. Scions were prepared as single node cuttings, each with a five-leaflet leaf. Three positions of topophysis used were 7-9th (top), 4-6th (middle), and 1st-3rd (bottom) nodes from the stem base. Four uniting materials used were tube, tube + parafilm wrap, tube + clothespin, and clothespin. Rooting and growth were affected by the topophysis and cultivar. The best topophysis for rooting was 7-9th (top) nodes in all cultivars. Topophysis affected percent rooting, and number of roots, length of the longest root, and but not weight, shoot length and graft-take. Rooting and growth were affected by the uniting method and cultivar. Tube uniting method generally showed higher percentage graft-take, percent rooting, and number of roots than other methods. However, rootstock and scion union was not complete in this treatment. On the whole, the greatest rooting and subsequent growth of stenting-propagated plants were found in the tube + clothespin method. Except 'Sweet Yellow', rooting and growth were not adequate in the clothespin method. The results suggested that a tube + clothespin method was the most effective, and this method may be used as a substitute to save labor compared to a tube + parafilm wrap method which is currently being used in commercial nurseries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.9
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• pp.1313-1319
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• 2010

Rice cultivars of Goami2 (G2), Baegjinju (BJJ), and Sulgaeng (SG) with different amylose contents were developed by mutation breeding via N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) treatment to Ilpumbyeo (IP), high japonica rice. They were identified by different appearances such as grain size, color, and shape. In this experiment, the compositional and physical qualities of those cultivars were examined. The G2 rice classified as a high-amylose rice cultivar was significantly higher in its non-digestable carbohydrates contents. Linoleic and oleic acid were composed of 70~75% of all fatty acids composition regardless of milled and brown rice, except G2 rice in which palmitic acid was the major fatty acid followed by linoleic acid and oleic acid in order. Major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and hydroxy lysine. It was found that cysteine contents were higher in the cultivars of endosperm mutant rice. The DSC analysis revealed that enthalpy was the highest in BJJ followed by SG, IP, and G2 rice. The lowest enthalpy of G2 might be attributable to the higher amylose content. Ilpumbyeo in its cooked rice form showed the highest in Toyo value and less in hardness, but G2 was vise versa. Results of gelatinization and cooked rice properties suggest that G2 was less suitable for cooked rice, but has a potential for functional ingredients from nutritional point of view. The BJJ and SG could be used for traditional cooking as well as for processed foods.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.187-191
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• 2009

'Campbell Early', a major grape cultivar, occupies more than 70% of cultivated vineyard areas, however, recommendable standard management system of soil environmental conditions has not been developed yet in Korea. The consideration for the correlation between fruit quality and soil condition in the vineyard is required in the efficient management system of soil. This study was carried out to investigate the optimum soil environmental conditions for 'Campbell Early' grape production with high quality. The results from analyses of correlation between them were used to develop soil management guideline for promoting efficiency in grape production. Soil properties were analyzed from 120 vineyards in Hawsung, Sangju, Yeongdong, Gimcheon, Yeongju, and Yeongwol, major grape production regions. Because there is neither coloring disorder nor delayed coloration in grape production of 'Campbell Early', relative contribution of soil hardness and solid phase to fruit quality and fruit weight was analyzed. Among the soil properties, while cation and soil hardness affected sugar content at the level of 39.3% and 36.8%, respectively, saturated hydraulic conductivity, solid phase, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) showed relatively low contribution to sugar content in the vineyard. The sugar content in grapes was influenced more critically by the chemical properties than the physical ones in the soil of vineyards. While soil hardness and solid phase affected grape weight at the level of 27.8% and 26.0%, respectively, phosphate content, organic matter content, and cation showed low contribution to grape weight. Grape guality such as sugar content and grape weight was affected highly by cation and organic matters. Therefore, cation and organic matter content of soil contributed to fruit quality at the level of 33.8% and 15.5%, respectively, in the vineyard.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.365-368
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• 2003

Variations of agronomic traits were evaluated on the progenies of regenerated rice plants of different callus origin and subculture period. From eighty-eight percent to ninety percents of ovary culture-derived plants (OCP) and anther culture-derived plants (ACP) were not segregated within the lines in major agronomic characters. Compare to ACP and OCP lines, the seed culture derived lines (SCP) showed more segregation (17％) in major agronomic traits among the lines. The most frequent segregating traits were grain fertility (6.1％) in ACP, leaf color (4.2％) in OCP and grain fertility (4.9％) and leaf color (4.9％) in SCP lines. The SCP line showed more variation in culm length, panicle length and heading date than those of OCP and ACP lines. The variation of agronomic traits in SCP lines was tended to increase with prolonged subculture. Culm and panicle length were shorter than those of original cultivar in all three types of tissue culture-derived lines (OCP, ACP and SCP).

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the nutrient components and physicochemical properties of general ('Superior') and colored potato. Proximate composition, reducing sugar, free sugars, free amino acids, organic acids, minerals were analyzed, and Hunter color values were measured in the study. 'Rose' and 'Blue' (colored potatoes) contained high levels of reducing sugar, and total free sugar content was greatly different according to varieties. Glutamic acid, arginine and ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid were detected to be the three major amino acids in colored potato, and the major organic acids of general potato were oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid and citric acid. All potato contained high level of potassium, calcium and magnesium. The Hunter 'L' value was the highest in 'Jaseo'; Hunter 'a' value was high in 'Blue' and 'Jasim'; Hunter 'b' value was the highest in 'Haryoung'. Overall, colored potato had higher amount of nutrients and physicochemical properties than 'Superior'. Therefore, colored potatoes are expected to be highly valuable items for the development and applications of a functional food. In addition, these results will provide fundamental data for improving sitological value, breeding of new cultivar and promoting of roughage usage.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 1984

Grains of naked barley (Baekdong cultivar) were polished, powdered and subjected to the successive extraction into free and bound liquid fractions. These were further fractionated into lipid classes and quantified by means of thin layer chromatography, column chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography. Contents of free and bound lipids in barley flour were 2.27% and 1.01%, which were decreased to 2.12% and 0.76%, respectively, after purification. Free and bound lipids were consisted of monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, free sterols, sterol esters, free fatty acids and polar lipids. Major constituents of free lipids were 56.2% triglycerides, 14.9% free fatty acids and 13.4% sterols while those of bound lipids were 73.8% polar lipids, 8.4% free fatty acids and 5.2% triglycerides. The content of non-polar lipids in free lipids was 93.6% as compared with 26.2% in bound lipids. However, phospholipids content in bound lipids was 55.5% as compared with 2.5% in free lipids, and glycolipids content in bound lipids was 19.4% as compared with 3.9% in free lipids. Major fatty acids in the free and bound lipid fractions were linoleic acid 52.1%, 54.8%, palmitic acid 24.8%, 30.0% and oleic acid 15.6%, 8.8%, respectively, showing similar patterns in both fractions. The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in free lipids was 72.8% as compared with 68.0% in bound lipids. In comparing the fatty acid composition of non-polar lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids, no difference was observed between free and bound lipid fractions while a slight difference was found among the lipid constituents.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.220-235
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• 1987

The experiment was carried out to find the feasibility of using Oxyfluorfen in the paddy fields by investigating the difference of selective activity of Oxyfluorfen among rice cultivars and major paddy weed species. The dosage of Oxyfluorfen that show selective activity between rice cultivars and weed species ranged from 0.1 to 0.4kg ai/ha. The degree of growth inhibition was in order of whole-plant soaking application > root soaking application > stem bandage application, and in that case $10^{-5}$M Oxyfluorfen was treated after emergence. Especially the growth inhibition of rice cultivars and Cyperus serotinus was low, among others. Photosynthesis was severely inhibited at the Oxyfluorfen level above $10^{-4}$ M in all the tested weeds, but inhibition of respiration was not to be seen. Isolated single cells of two rice cultivars and Cyperus serotinus were tolerant to $10^{-5}$M Oxyfluorfen,but those of Echinochloa crus-galli and Sagittaria pygmaea were susceptible comparatively. The growth inhibition of suspension cultured rice cell induced by the increments of Oxyfluorfen concentration, and the degree of inhibition was higher in C.V. Mushakdanti than in C.V. Aichiasahi.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.393-398
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• 2020

The blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is an emerging pest on cultivated blueberries in Korea. To develop a sensitive tool for monitoring this pest in blueberry orchards, we compared the attractiveness of host plant volatiles and sex pheromone to D. oxycoccana adults. We performed gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of solid-phase microextraction (SPME)-collected volatiles that were released from blueberry ('Darrow' cultivar). The analysis revealed two major volatiles, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl alcohol from flowers; and three major volatiles, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, and α-farnesene from shoots and young fruits. In field tests conducted in Gunsan, Korea in 2019, commercialized cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl alcohol, β-caryophyllene, and α-farnesene, used singly or in quaternary combination, were unattractive to the blueberry gall midge. However, traps baited with the known sex pheromone (2R,14R)-2,14-diacetoxyheptadecane attracted significantly more males than the treatments with plant volatiles or the control. No synergistic effect was observed between sex pheromone and plant volatiles. Male D. oxycoccana were captured in the pheromone traps from May to August, with three peaks in mid-May, late June, and late July in Gunsan blueberry fields in 2020.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.139-145
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• 2006

The objectives of this study was to determine the oil contents and fatty acid compositions of soybean germplasms including major Korean cultivars, and to provide the basic information of fatty acid composition for development high quality soybean varieties. Among 46 Korean major cultivated soybean samples, the oil contents were varied from 15.8% to 20.3%, and the average oil content was 18.2%. Crude oil content of cv. Saebyolkong (20.3%) was the highest among that of other cultivated soybeans. Likely many other oils of plant origin, most fatty acids in soybean are unsaturated. The highest percentage of fatty acid in soybean was linoleic acid (18:2), followed in a decreasing order by oleic (C18:1), palmitic (C16:0), linolenic (C18:3), and stearic acid (C18:0). The composition of C18:1 and C18:2 fatty acids among 563 soybean germplasms and cultivars which were positively correlated with nutritional quality of edible vegetable oil, were ranged $13.29{\sim}43.30%\;and\;38.21{\sim}61.51%$, respectively, and the C18:3 which were negatively correlated with flavor quality were varied from 5.03% to 11.48%. Also, the composition of C16:0 and C18:0 which were known to raise total cholesterol levels in human serum were ranged $8.50{\sim}14.78%\;and\;1.86{\sim}4.78%$ respectively. On the other hand, the range of fatty acid composition among 46 Korean major soybean cultivars has been investigated to be: C16:0, $8.96{\sim}13.23%$; C18:0, $2.55{\sim}4.20%$; C18:1, $16.33{\sim}36.41%$; C18:2, $42.32{\sim}58.84%$; C18:3, $6.98{\sim}10.72%$. Among the 563 germplasms tested, there are significant correlations among unsaturated fatty acids: negative between C18:1 and C18:2 (r=-0.961**) or C18:3 (r=-0.756**), and positive between C18:2 and C18:3 (r=0.608**). Also, the C18:1 was negatively correlated with saturated fatty acids, C16:0 (r=-0.231**) and C18:0 (r=-0.479**).