• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2011

Generally the life-cycle cost of complex systems composed of several sub systems or equipments such as train, aircraft weapon systems is spent much more during operation and maintenance phase than development phase. The maintenance cost for maintaining the availability and extending the life span of systems comprise a large proportion of systems operation cost. The cycle of preventive maintenance affects operation and maintenance cost a lot. In this study we introduce a way minimizing life-cycle cost of systems by calculating more reliable preventive maintenance period than the results of previous study using systems reliability data considered the reliability and failure effect ratio of sub-systems or components. We can solve the preventive maintenance period problem known as NP-Hard as quick as possible by using modified genetic algorithm than using other models introduced in previous study.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.49-68
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to extensively review the condition monitoring (CM) techniques using empirical models in an effort to reduce or eliminate unexpected downtimes in general industry, and to illustrate the feasibility of applying them to the nuclear industry. CM provides on-time warnings of system states to enable the optimal scheduling of maintenance and, ultimately, plant uptime is maximized. Currently, most maintenance processes tend to be either reactive, or part of scheduled, or preventive maintenance. Such maintenance is being increasingly reported as a poor practice for two reasons: first, the component does not necessarily require maintenance, thus the maintenance cost is wasted, and secondly, failure catalysts are introduced into properly working components, which is worse. This paper first summarizes the technical aspects of CM including state estimation and state monitoring. The mathematical background of CM is mature enough even for commercial use in the nuclear industry. Considering the current computational capabilities of CM, its application is not limited by technical difficulties, but by a lack of desire on the part of industry to implement it. For practical applications in the nuclear industry, it may be more important to clarify and quantify the negative impact of unexpected outcomes or failures in CM than it is to investigate its advantages. In other words, while issues regarding accuracy have been targeted to date, the concerns regarding robustness should now be concentrated on. Standardizing the anticipated failures and the possibly harsh operating conditions, and then evaluating the impact of the proposed CM under those conditions may be necessary. In order to make the CM techniques practical for the nuclear industry in the future, it is recommended that a prototype CM system be applied to a secondary system in which most of the components are non-safety grade. Recently, many activities to enhance the safety and efficiency of the secondary system have been encouraged. With the application of CM to nuclear power plants, it is expected to increase profit while addressing safety and economic issues.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.24-31
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• 2018

As a system complexity increases and technology innovation progresses rapidly, leasing the equipment is considered as an important issue in many engineering areas. In practice, many engineering fields lease the equipment because it is an economical way to lease the equipment rather than to own the equipment. In addition, as the maintenance actions for the equipment are costly and need a specialist, the lessor is responsible for the maintenance actions in most leased contract. Hence, the lessor should establish the optimal maintenance strategy to minimize the maintenance cost. This paper proposes two periodic preventive maintenance policies for the leased equipment. The preventive maintenance action of policy 1 is performed with a periodic interval, in which their intervals are the same until the end of lease period. The other policy is to determine the periodic preventive maintenance interval minimizing total maintenance cost during the lease period. In addition, this paper presents two decision-making models to determine the preventive maintenance strategy for leased equipment based on the lessor's preference between the maintenance cost and the reliability at the end of lease period. The structural properties of the proposed decision-making model are investigated and algorithms to search the optimal maintenance policy that are satisfied by the lessor are provided. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed model. The results show that a maintenance policy minimizing the maintenance cost is selected as a reasonable decision as the lease term becomes shorter. Moreover, the frequent preventive maintenance actions are performed when the minimal repair cost is higher than the preventive maintenance cost, resulting in higher maintenance cost.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.133-143
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• 2015

Civil engineering infrastructure is aging and requires cost-effective maintenance strategies to enable infrastructure systems operate reliably and sustainably. This paper presents an approach for determining risk-cost balanced repair strategy of corrosion damaged reinforced concrete structures with consideration of uncertainty in structural resistance deterioration. On the basis of analytical models of cover concrete cracking evolution and bond strength degradation due to reinforcement corrosion, the effect of reinforcement corrosion on residual load carrying capacity of corroded reinforced concrete structures is investigated. A stochastic deterioration model based on gamma process is adopted to evaluate the probability of failure of structural bearing capacity over the lifetime. Optimal repair planning and maintenance strategies during the service life are determined by balancing the cost for maintenance and the risk of structural failure. The method proposed in this study is then demonstrated by numerical investigations for a concrete structure subjected to reinforcement corrosion. The obtained results show that the proposed method can provide a risk cost optimised repair schedule during the service life of corroded concrete structures.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2003

케이블 구조물에 사용되는 케이블은 길이가 길다는 특징을 갖고 있으므로 케이블의 피로 데이터 처리를 위해서는 일반적으로 구조물을 구성하는 강재 요소에 적용되는 통계모델과는 다른 모델을 적용하는 것이 합리적이라 할 수 있다. 즉 케이블과 같이 길이가 긴 요소에서 피로수명에 크게 영향을 미치는 시편의 길이를 포함할 수 있는 모델, 즉 대수정규분포모델과 기존의 극치분포모델을 길이효과를 고려할 수 있도록 유도하여 기존의 케이블 피로 실험 데이터에 적용해 봄으로써, 케이블이 사용되고 있는 실제 구조물에서 케이블의 피로거동을 예측 또는 평가하는 데에 적합한 모델을 제시한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2018

Maintenance activities are regarded as a key part of the repairable deteriorating system because they maintain the equipment in good condition. In practice, many maintenance policies are used in engineering fields to reduce unexpected failures and slow down the deterioration of the system. However, in traditional maintenance policies, maintenance activities have often been assumed to be performed at the same time interval, which may result in higher operational costs and more system failures. Thus, this study presents two non-periodic preventive maintenance (PM) policies for repairable deteriorating systems, employing the failure rate of the system as a conditional variable. In the proposed PM models, the failure rate of the system was restored via the failure rate reduction factors after imperfect PM activities. Operational costs were also considered, which increased along with the operating time of the system and the frequency of PM activities to reflect the deterioration process of the system. A numerical example was provided to illustrate the proposed PM policy. The results showed that PM activities performed at a low failure rate threshold slowed down the degradation of the system and thus extended the system lifetime. Moreover, when the operational cost was considered in the proposed maintenance scheme, the system replacement was more cost-effective than frequent PM activities in the severely degraded system.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.865-877
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 보증기간이 종료된 이후의 수리가 가능한 시스템에 대한 주기적인 예방보전모형을 고려하는데, 무료수리보증, 비례수리보증 그리고 혼합수리보증과 같은 세 종류의 수리보증정책을 고려한다. 이러한 세 종류의 수리보증기간이 종료된 이후의 수리가 가능한 시스템에 대한 주기적인 예방보전모형에 대하여 각각 기대순환길이, 총기대비용 그리고 단위시간당 기대비용을 유도한다. 또한 유도된 단위시간당 기대 비용을 최소화하는 최적의 예방보전정책인 최적의 예방보전주기와 예방보전횟수를 결정하는 방법에 대하여 설명한다. 끝으로 고장시간이 와이블분포를 하는 경우에 최적의 주기적 예방보전정책을 결정하여 본다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.717-724
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• 2018

사회기반시설물의 노후화에 따른 교량 유지관리비용의 급격한 증가에 대비하기 위해서는 미래 발생 가능한 유지관리비용의 예측이 선행되어야 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 교량 관리주체의 유지관리 현황 분석을 통해 교량의 관리수준을 파악하고, 이를 생애주기에 따른 목표관리수준과 성능향상 한계 값으로 모델링하였다. 이와 함께 교량 안전점수에 따른 보수보강비용 예측모델, 성능열화모델, 평균개축비용단가, 평균 개축시기로 구성된 기존의 비용 및 성능 예측모델과 연계하여, 교량 유지관리비용 추계분석을 위한 방법론 및 절차를 제안하였다. 제안된 방법의 활용성 검증을 위해 특정 관리주체가 관리하는 교량의 규모, 노후화 정도, 현재 관리현황을 고려하여 미래 유지관리비용 추계 분석을 수행하였다. 연차별로 개별 교량 수준의 안전등급과 유지관리 조치에 따른 비용 추정 결과와 이들을 관리주체 수준으로 합산하여 연차별 평균 안전점수, 안전등급 구성비, 점검진단비용, 보수보강비용, 개축비용을 합리적으로 추정할 수 있다. 향후 목표성능관리수준의 변경에 따른 생애주기 예산의 변화를 추정하여 최적의 관리수준을 제안할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.320-328
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• 2011

This research proposes comprehensive models for analyzing common cause failures (CCF) due to cumulative shocks and to assess system reliability under the CCF. The proposed cumulative shock models are based on the binomial failure rate (BFR) model. Six kinds of models are proposed so as to explain diverse cumulative shock phenomena. The models are composed of the initial failure probability, shape parameter, and the total shock number. Some parameters of the proposed models can not be explicitly estimated, so we adopt the Expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm in order to obtain the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the parameters. By estimating the parameters for the cumulative shock models, the system reliability with CCF can be assessed sequentially according to the number of cumulative shocks. The result can be utilizes in dynamic probabilistic safety assessment (PSA), aging studies, or risk management for nuclear power plants. Replacement or maintenance policies can also be developed based on the proposed model.

• International Journal of Railway
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.60-69
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• 2009

In recent years, technology developments in different countries, especially in newly industrialized countries, are extremely indebted to appropriate technology transfer by these countries. Nevertheless the technology transfer process in the present situation is complex, and its success is related to the coordination rate with the political, economic, social, and environmental objectives of countries. Today debates related to the transfer of the technical know how accompanied by equipment hardware has found remarkable importance such that countries seek increasing comprehensive capabilities in the field of transferred technology for which Preventive Maintenance (PM) is one of the aspects. This research with the purpose to determine the technological capability level and to study the role of PM in the effective & appropriate technology transfer in subway industry is carried out for presenting a suitable model for the technology transfer in this industry with an attitude towards the effects of principal PM factors. For this purpose, after the study of different and relevant models existing in the field of suitable methods for technology transfer, some equipment PM theories and models were selected as the base for the compilation of the questionnaire. With the help of questionnaire, main PM factors that are effective in the field of technology transfer were extracted, and finally, their effects on technology transfer were analyzed, identified and a comprehensive model suggested in this connection.