• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.618-629
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• 2006

This Paper is about optimizing preventive maintenance period of connected (r,s) out of(m,n) : F lattice system that one of multi-component system, (m,n) matrix failure of whole system is occurrence when parts that belong in (r,s) matrix part procession of parts arranged with procession are breakdown all. The preventive maintenance about system is very important viewing from system reliability and operational expense viewpoint. Preventive maintenance that misses a time calls big loss by system failure and expense of frequent full equipment is paid excessively in preventive maintenance itself but expense is paid much in preventive maintenance itself and whole expense escalation can be achieved preferably. Through this research, reliability model is constructed that do expense by smallest under full equipment policy chosen through comparison of each full equipment policy and preventive maintenance expense full equipment cycle and r ,s value are made using simulated annealing algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm that converge fast in multi-component system certified most suitable to optimization decision

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.207-215
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to predict the long-term maintenance expense of BTL school projects which were ordered from the Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development and each Metropolitan and Province Office of Education. For conducting this study, the adapted research method includes a case study of BTL school projects ordered from Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education in 2006. After examination of initial investment based on each $school^{\circ}{\phi}s$ operation account, it estimates maintenance expense and long-term maintenance expense. Also it compare using two methods: one is the long-term maintenance expense estimation in apartment houses and the other is AEAM(annual equivalent amount method). The results of this study are as follows: 1) It is analyzed long-term maintenance expense rates of each BTL school. As a result, it is construction(14.0), civil(1.4%), mechanical(6.5%), equipment(6.5%), electronic(11.0%), fixture(5.1%) and the rest(1.0%). 2)It is applied using two methods: one is the long-term maintenance expense estimation in apartment houses and the other is AEAM. Finally, It is compared expense deflection per $100{\beta}{\ge}$ in each month.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1463-1472
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• 2008

The present paper to relate with the maintenance of the high-speed vehicle, KTX and is to treat a reliability evaluation. The reliability of the high-speed vehicle while operating between-failure average mileage (MKBSF) and parts between-failure average mileage (MKBF), 1,000,000 per km service failure number of items and availability and per km evaluated a maintenance expense. The reliability evaluation results and 2007 year reliability management indexes compared in 2006 years and they improved, per km the maintenance expense compared at 2006 and 36.6% was decreased. Reliability management activity leads and availability of the high-speed vehicle, safety improves and with the fact that will be able to decrease the maintenance expense which is an economic scale of railroad service is expected.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.407-413
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• 2003

Before expanding of distribution automation application to distribution network, we must examine whether there are economical effect. Investment expense for distribution automation can be divided into facility investment expense, maintenance expense, communication expense, investment expense etc. Effect of distribution automation can classify by effect that can convert into money and effect that can not convert into money. Representative effect is outage time decrease effect, distribution line loss decrease effect, main transformer upload effect, distribution line upload effect, work environment improvement effect of lineman and so on. This paper studied economical effect and break-even Point for investment expense by using data that acquire in KEPCO's distribution network.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

The maintenance cost plays a important role to plan the scale of the apartment housing such as a number of household, building area and building type. Therefore, it is required to forecast the cost considering various maintenance characteristics. The maintenance characteristics are floor area, number of household, heating type, site area and etc.. In addition, the maintenance cost are classified into 5 area. These are a personal expense, facility maintenance cost, energy and water cost, insurance and sanitary cost. These five cost area are related with various characteristics and brought up the estimation model using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The energy and heating cost share over the 50% in the total cost and the personal expense cost shares about 40%. The personal expense cost per area is 5,272 won/$m^2{\cdot}yr$ irregardless of heating type and the district heating type is a higher cost than other type. In facility maintenance cost, the central heating type is 2,015 won/$m^2{\cdot}yr$ and higher than other type. The estimation models have good statistics in each model. Most of the model have a determination coefficient over 0.7 and Durbin Watson value between 1.5 and 2.5.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-76
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• 2009

The purpose of this study are to investigate the reasonable maintenance expense of golf course according to the size and management system of each golf course. The maintenance cost per hole per golfer of 29 golf courses and the maintenance cost for items and locations of 8 golf courses were analyzed. 1. As golfers per hole increased, maintenance cost per hole per golfer decreased. 2. The decisive cost factors for maintenance cost of golf course are the number of annual golfers, the total course size, the management system, and automation of course facilities. 3. Maintenance cost of golf courses contained the landscaping areas except for building and parking lots is $869^{\}/_{m^2}$ Korean won. 4. Average maintenance cost of 8 golf courses is $44,325,000^{\}/_{hole}$. 5. Labor cost marked the largest portion in the total cost. Among the items of labor cost, repair cost for green ball mark was the highest with the ratio of 26%(\4,163,000). 6. Material cost for Fairways which reaches 30% of the total area was composed of $22%{\sim}44%$ of the total cost of materials. Cost of imported fertilizers, pestcides for insects and diseases, and sands for top dressing was the highest. 7. Material cost for Green which reaches 2% of the total area was composed of $28%{\sim}36%$ of the total cost. Cost of imported products such as particle-shaped fertilizers, micro mineral fertilizers, and soil conditioners was the highest. 8. There is no difference in cost between chemical fertilizers and the environmentally friendly fertilizers even if environmentally friendly fertilizers using microorganism or chitosan materials are also expensive.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2014

This study examined the trend of floor space characteristics, size characteristics and modeling characteristics so as to evaluate the satisfactory level of subjects living in Hanok. By doing so, the type of Hanok was classified into 5 groups. The satisfactory level was evaluated after the subjects resided in Hanok based on each type of housing. In the satisfactory level investigation, which was conducted after the residence, the overall satisfactory level on Hanok showed to be high. In the evaluation on the residence scale, positive results were generally achieved regarding 'full size of residence', 'number of rooms compared to residence size', 'size of living room', etc. The indoor environment of residence evaluation mainly showed positive results regarding 'ventilation', but most subjects were unsatisfied in regard to 'heating', 'noise', 'lighting', etc. In the behavioral factor evaluation of residents, positive results were gained regarding 'health', but comparatively negative results showed based on items of 'construction expense', 'burden of maintenance expense', 'investment value', etc. After analyzing the influential factors on the overall satisfactory level, results showed that 'dust inflow' of the physical site environment evaluation, 'size of living room' of the residence size evaluation, 'heating' of the residence indoor environment evaluation, and 'burden of maintenance expense' in the behavioral factor evaluation significantly influences the overall satisfactory level.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.6 s.112
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• pp.447-455
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• 2006

Together with the trend of enhancement in domestic industrial development and economic progress due to import and export, the demand for construction of the roads, bridges, especially port facilities, and several coastal protection and ocean structures is increasing rapidly. MOMAF of Korean Government is driving construction cf 9 new ports and renovation cf the existing fishery ports. Among these structures most of bridge base, wharves, dolphins, quays, and jetties are being newly built cf steel or concrete pile. As the base, supporting bulkheads, and piles are underwater after construction, it is difficult to figure out the status of structures and not enough to get maintenance and strengthen the structures. Every year, moreover, these works suck the government budget due to higher incomplete maintenance expense for protection from corrosions cf structures and increased underwater construction period. For the purpose cf cutting down the expense cf government budget, it is necessary to extend the life cycle of the existing structures. Therefore, we developed a new method for maintenance of submerged structures near the waterline by allowing dry work environment with the floating caisson. The method shows easy to move around the working area and handle. It also showed not only a significant reduction of maintenance expenses and time for anti-corrosion work but also better protection This will be a milestone to reduce the maintenance and construction expenses for the shore and water structures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.163-170
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• 2006

Together with the trend of enhancement in domestic industrial development and economic progress due to import and export, the demand for construction of the roads, bridges, especially port facilities, and several coastal protection and ocean structures is increasing rapidly. MOMAF of Korean Government is driving construction of 9 new ports and renovation of the existing fishery ports. Among these structures most of bridge base, wharves, dolphins, quays, and jetties are being newly built of steel or concrete pile. As the base, supporting bulkheads, and piles are underwater after construction, it is difficult to figure out the status of structures and not enough to get maintenance and strengthen the structures. Every year, moreover, these works suck the government budget due to higher incomplete maintenance expense for protection from corrosions of structures and increased underwater construction period. For the purpose of cutting down the expense of government budget, it is necessary to extend the life cycle of the existing structures. Therefore, we developed a new method for maintenance of submerged structures near the waterline by allowing dry work environment with the floating caisson. The method shows easy to move around the working area and handle. It also showed not only a significant reduction maintenance expenses and time for anti-corrosion work but also better protection. This will be a milestone to reduce the maintenance and construction expenses for the shore and water structures.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.104-112
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• 2009

After the middle of 90's, the eco rivers maintenance enterprise was propelled about city rivers. The environmental function is more emphasized because of revising the rivers law enforced at 2008.4. Also, the field of application is being magnified. It is difficult to apply that the conceptual public work expense estimating model of the rivers which adjusts a focus at open channel rivers excepts the small-scale rivers maintenance public work. The research presents a eco rivers public work conceptual public work expense estimating model frame work. It suits the change of the rivers environmental renewal construction paradigm. It develops the conceptual public work expense estimating plan of the rivers at the planning phase using the collection and analysis of the data. As a result, riffle, spur dyke, stepping stones, fish way and etc are added. Consequently, it brings the hydrophilic function is considered seriously conceptual public work expense estimating model of the eco rivers.