• 정보학연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.85-101
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• 1998

21세기를 눈앞에 둔 지금, 기업의 경영자들은 예전과는 다른 새로운 차원의 다양한 도전에 직면하고 있다. 이러한 도전들 중에서 가장 중요한 것은 아마도 세계화(Globalization), 또는 국제화의 추세일 것이다. 이처럼 국경을 초월한 글로벌 시대를 맞이하여 기업은 세계 곳곳에 존재하는 인적, 물적자원, 자금 및 정보 등의 다양한 경영자원을 통합하여 기업 활동에서 새로운 부가가치를 창출해야만 생존이 가능하게 이르렀다. 정보시스템과 전략, 구조에 대한 기존의 연구를 살펴보면, 전략과 조직구조, 정보시스템과 전략, 그리고 정보시스템과 조직의 관계는 각각 단편적으로 연구되어 왔으나, 이들 세 요소를 하나로 묶는 연구는 그리 많지 않았다. 그러므로 한 걸음 더 나아가 정보시스템의 활용을 통한 세계화 전략과 이에 적합한 조직의 구현이라는 주제는 지금까지 그다지 많은 관심을 받지 못하였다. 이처럼 조직의 세계화 구현을 위한 정보시스템과 조직, 전략과의 연계라는 주제에 대해 깊이 있는 연구가 이루어지지 못한 이유는, 국제 경영학을 연구하는 학자들이 이 분야를 지나치게 기술적인 문제로 인식하고 있었기 때문이고, 다른 한편으로는 학자들의 관심이 국가 지향적으로 편중되어 있어서 글로벌 정보시스템이라는 주제를 회피하려는 경향을 가지고 있었기 때문이다. 이러한 배경으로 본 연구에서는 먼저 조직들의 다국적 기업의 전략, 조직구조 및 정보시스템의 성황적 적합성을 알아보기 위하여 글로벌 기업의 전략과 조직구조 그리고 정보시스템에 대한 문헌을 조사하였다. 그리고 기존 문헌 연구를 토대로 각각의 변수에 대한 분류 형태를 제시하고, 이들 3가지 변수들의 연계에 대한 이론적인 연구의 기초를 마련하였다. 또한 이 세 가지 변수들 간의 연계와 적합성이 과연 기업의 성과에 긍정적으로 작용하는지를 알아 보기 위하여, 변수들을 해외 거점에 대한 본사의 통제 정도라는 기준으로 재분류하여 다국적 기업의 구조, 전략, 그리고 정보시스템의 상황적 적합성에 관한 연구모형을 만들고 그에 따른 가설을 설정하였다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.253-268
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• 2009

This study aims to develop a cost-based high-performance concrete (HPC) mix optimization system based on an integrated approach using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GA). ANNs are used to predict the three main properties of HPC, namely workability, strength and durability, which are used to evaluate fitness and constraint violations in the GA process. Multilayer back-propagation neural networks are trained using the results obtained from experiments and previous research. The correlation between concrete components and its properties is established. GA is employed to arrive at an optimal mix proportion of HPC by minimizing its total cost. A system prototype, called High Performance Concrete Mix-Design System using Genetic Algorithm and Neural Networks (HPCGANN), was developed in MATLAB. The architecture of the proposed system consists of three main parts: 1) User interface; 2) ANNs prediction models software; and 3) GA engine software. The validation of the proposed system is carried out by comparing the results obtained from the system with the trial batches. The results indicate that the proposed system can be used to enable the design of HPC mix which corresponds to its required performance. Furthermore, the proposed system takes into account the influence of the fluctuating unit price of materials in order to achieve the lowest cost of concrete, which cannot be easily obtained by traditional methods or trial-and-error techniques.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.247-259
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a teacher-efficacy scale which is adequate for heath education teachers. Method: A preliminary questionnaire was made based on the hypothetical factors. A total of 364 health education teachers answered to the preliminary test, and the potential factors of teacher-efficacy were checked out by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). In the main test 378 health education teachers answered, the factor structure was drawn by EFA, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to test and the fitness of the factor model. Results: Through the preliminary test, 5 potential factors were found, which were instruction, health-service, administrative task, interpersonal relationship, and community connection. Also, 48 items were reduced to 31 items. Through the main test, from the 34 items were extracted 4 factors with 24 items, And then teacher-efficacy scale was developed, which included the subscales of instruction efficacy, health-service efficacy, task-interpersonal efficacy, and community connection efficacy. Conclusion: Different from that for other subject teachers, the factor structure for health teachers had 4 factors with 24 items. The scale developed in this study is consistent with health teachers' work areas, and for this reason, has significance as a adequate and valid scale to measure teacher-efficacy of health education teachers.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.297-319
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• 2022

Due to their natural and social revelation, also their ease and flexibility, human collective behavior and teamwork sports are inspired to introduce optimization algorithms to solve various engineering and scientific problems. Nowadays, meta-heuristic algorithms are becoming some striking methods for solving complex real-world problems. In that respect in the present study, the authors propose a novel meta-innovative algorithm based on soccer teamwork sport, suitable for optimization problems. The method may be referred to as the Soccer League Optimization-based Championship Algorithm, inspired by the Soccer league. This method consists of two main steps, including: 1. Qualifying competitions and 2. Main competitions. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed method, six different benchmark mathematical functions, and two engineering design problem was performed for optimization to assess its efficiency in achieving optimal solutions to various problems. The results show that the proposed algorithm may well explore better performance than some well-known algorithms in various aspects such as consistency through runs and a fast and steep convergence in all problems towards the global optimal fitness value.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2008

사고예측모형은 도로에서 발생한 교통사고자료를 통계적으로 모형화한 것으로 종속변수는 과거의 사고건수가 되고 설명 변수로는 주로 사고가 일어난 장소의 도로 기하구조 조건, 교통조건, 운영조건 등 도료의 속성자료가 이용된다. 기존의 사고예측모형의 한계를 극복하고자 새로운 방안인 Hauer의 연구를 구체적으로 소개하고 이를 국내 고속도로 사망사고자료를 통해 적용하였다. Hauer의 방법론에 의한 사고예측모형을 구축한 결과 AADT와 종단구배를 통해 사고예측모형의 적합도를 상당히 높일 수 있었으나, 곡선반경은 사고건수와 직접적 인 관련이 있는 것으로 파악되지 않았다. 이러한 사고예측모형은 기존의 모형과 비교 시 여러 설명변수 중 어떤 변수가 모형에 도입되어야 하는지를 결정할 때 분명한 근거를 지니기 때문에 중요한 변수가 누락되거나 혹은 중요하지 않는 변수가 도입될 가능성 이 낮아지는 장점을 지니고 있다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.120-132
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• 1998

This stusy was to investigate the marginal fitness of porcelain-fused-to- metal crown after succesive firing cycle. Main variables were the degree of marginal curvature of labiocervical margin and the type of alloy. The exaggerated marginal curvature(EMC) was created by additional reduction at the faciocervical wall of the normallized marginal curvature (NMC)-typed ivorine tooth by using milling machine. The difference in the shape was the mid facial margin was placed 2mm apical to cemento- enamel junction in labial surface. Three types of alloy were high noble, noble, and base metal alloy. Test specimens were divided into 8 groups and each group had 8 specimens. Sixty four ceramometal crowns were made totally. Measurement stages were following degassing, opaquing. body porcelain firing, and glazing, and measuring sites were 4. (midmesial, midfacial, middistal, and midlingual). Digital, travelling measuring microscope (0.5 um precision, Olympus. Japan) was used under ${\times}250$ magnification. Within the limitation of this investigation, it was concluded as belows: 1. The pattern of marginal distortion was varied. Degassing stage was not a specific, causative stage that induce most of total marginal distortion during whole procedure fabricating a ceramometal crown. Body firing stage induced discrepancy relatively more than other firing stages. 2. The specimens that were Ni-based alloy and had EMC were distorted persistently following successive fabricating procedures. But marginal openings were decreased after glazing. 3. The release of metal grinding-induced stress was presumed as a cause that induce marginal distortion. 4. The amount of discrepancies of the labial and lingual margins were greater than that of the mesial and distal margin in the specimen that had EMC. 5. Silver-plated die was not enough to resist abrasion during repeated seating of metal copings on the die-holding device.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2011

This paper describes several current research activities and the field techniques for the prevention of human errors during the operation of nuclear power plants(NPPs). The human aspects such as 'fitness for the duties', 'job competence and suitability', 'types of communication', 'behaviors of field workers', 'teamwork of main control room crews', 'task procedures', etc. have been investigated for improving the performance of operating personnel in NPPs. We decide to develop a set of the complementary techniques for the reduction of human errors. The set of techniques developed includes teamwork criteria, jobs fitness analysis, procedure enhancement guide, 3-way communication, campaign posters, a behavior based safety program, a procedure guideline, and a task hazard identification method for the field practitioners in NPPs. These can offer a set of significant human error countermeasures to be considered for analyzing and reducing human error in NPPs as well as other fields of industry.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2022

Most of real-world decision-making processes are used to optimize problems with many objectives of conflicting. Since the betterment of some objectives requires the sacrifice of other objectives, different objectives may not be optimized simultaneously. Consequently, Pareto solution can be considered as candidates of a solution with respect to a multi-objective optimization (MOP). Such problem involves two main procedures: finding Pareto solutions and choosing one solution among them. So-called multi-objective genetic algorithms have been proved to be effective for finding many Pareto solutions. In this study, we suggest a fitness evaluation method based on the achievement level up to the target value to improve the solution search performance by the multi-objective genetic algorithm. Using numerical examples and benchmark problems, we compare the proposed method, which considers the achievement level, with conventional Pareto ranking methods. Based on the comparison, it is verified that the proposed method can generate a highly convergent and diverse solution set. Most of the existing multi-objective genetic algorithms mainly focus on finding solutions, however the ultimate aim of MOP is not to find the entire set of Pareto solutions, but to choose one solution among many obtained solutions. We further propose an interactive decision-making process based on a visualized trade-off analysis that incorporates the satisfaction of the decision maker. The findings of the study will serve as a reference to build a multi-objective decision-making support system.

• 정보기술과데이타베이스저널
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.71-86
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• 1999

The performance of relational database is measured by the number of disk accesses necessary to transfer data from disk to main memory. The paper proposes to vertically partition relations into fragments and to allow attribute replication to reduce the number of disk accesses. To reduce the computational time, heuristic search method using genetic algorithm is used. Genetic algorithm used employs a rank-based-sharing fitness function and elitism. Desirable parameters of genetic algorithm are obtained through experiments and used to find the solutions. Solutions of attribute replication and attribute non-replication problems are compared. Optimal solutions obtained by branch and bound method and by heuristic solutions(genetic algorithm) are also discussed. The solution method proposed is able to solve large-sized problems within acceptable time limit and shows solutions near the optimal value.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.251-255
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the present use and the needs for community facilities in apartment housing complex. Eight apartment housing complexes containing more than 500 units which constructed after 2000 were selected for this study. Three hundred and fifty three residents of apartment housing were surveyed to identify their needs and use of community facilities. The main findings of this study are as following; The most frequently used community facilities in apartment housing were outdoor rest area, exercise facilities, and park and playground. Also, the highly required community facilities were outdoor rest area, exercise facilities, and park and playground. Especially, most of the respondents showed the high level of need for the exercise facilities such as swimming pool, fitness center, and sauna.