• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.100-111
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• 2016

This study analyzes targeting 584 senior citizens aged 65 and over in Gyeongsangnam-do to verify a mediated control effect of optimism and family support in stress and successful aging of the aged. Using SPSS Macro Way suggested by Preacher and Hayes. A study model is verified through a route model, and the verification of the study model is conducted in three stages. The first stage analyzes whether a control variable has a control effect in a relationship between predictor variable and standard variable, and the second stage confirms a relationship between predictor variable and mediated variable. In addition, the third stage confirms a mediated control effect. An analytical result is summarized as follows. First, as a result to verify a mediated effect between stress and successful aging, and optimism, it is confirmed that it supports a partially-mediated model. Second, as a result to verify a control effect of optimism and family support of successful aging, it is confirmed that everything has a control effect. Third, as a result to verify a mediated control effect of stress, optimism, successful aging, and family support, there is a mediated control effect. Based on these study results, practical undertone and future task are suggested, and a way to improve family support is presented for successful aging in advanced age.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.1589-1596
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose the method that reduce computational complexity for intermode decision using CBP(coded block pattern) and coded information of colocated-MB(macro block). Proposed method classifies MB into best-CBP and normal-CBP according to the characteristics of CBP. On best-CBP, it eliminates the computation for $8{\times}8$ mode on intermode decision process because the probability for SKIP mode and M-Type mode is 96.3% statistically. On normal-CBP, it selectively eliminates the amount of computation for bit-rate distortion cost, because it uses coded information of colocated-MB and motion vector cost in deciding SKIP mode and M-Type mode. The simulation results show that the proposed method reduces total coding time to 58.44% in average, and is effective in reducing computational burden in videos with little motion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.229-239
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out the mediation effects of social-support for adolescents' game addiction and school adaptation. For this study, 353 middle school students in the West-Gyungsangnamdo areas were included in the analysis. Setting as covariates, a mediator and extra variables significantly correlated with the criterion variable, regression analysis, SPSS Macro and bootstrapping methods were used to assess the mediation effects of social-support for adolescents' game addiction and school adaptation. The results showed that adolescents highly addicted to games tended to have more difficulty in adapting to school. However, it was found that social-support (mediator) fully mediated the influence of the adolescents' game addiction (predictor) on school adaptation (criterion variable). Based on the results of the analysis, we suggest implications for social work practice to improve how game-addicted adolescents settle down in middle school through increasing social-support - the mediator - and hence bring about a decrease in game addiction among adolescents.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.93-100
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between career decision-making self-efficacy, character strength, and gratitude as a factor influencing the happy life of adults. Subjects were 89 adults in university and graduate school. SPSS 23.0 and PROCESS Macro were used for data analysis. Significant correlations were found between career decision-making self-efficacy, character strength, gratitude, and happy life. The direct effect of career decision-making self-efficacy, an independent variable, on happy life, a dependent variable, was not significant. Character strength and gratitude, which are mediators, were significant. Therefore, the indirect effect and the total effects showed significant results. Career decision-making self-efficacy does not directly predict a happy life, but if it mediates character strengths and gratitude, it means that a happy life can be predicted.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.257-265
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the meaning of life and academic engagement as a factor that affects the academic satisfaction of online learners in adulthood. The subjects of this study were 148 adult learners enrolled in cyber university. For data analysis, Spss 23 and PROCESS Macro were used. As a result of the correlation analysis, there was a significant positive correlation between the meaning of life, academic satisfaction and academic engagement, there was also a positive correlation between academic satisfaction and academic engagement. As a result of confirming the direct effect on educational satisfaction, the direct effect between the meaning of life as an independent variable and academic engagement as a mediating variable was positively significant. As a result of examining the indirect effect of academic engagement on the relationship between the meaning of life and academic satisfaction, the mediating effect was significant. Through insight into the meaning of life in diddle age, students show engagement for their studies, which leads to academic satisfaction. Therefore, in order to increase the academic satisfaction of adult learner, it is thought that it is necessary to develop a practical education program and a motivation program that can find the meaning of life.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.27-39
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• 2022

The exchange rate is an important macroeconomic variable that influences internal and external balances. Nepal follows a dual exchange rate such that the Nepali rupee (NPR) is pegged with the Indian rupee (INR) but floats with the United States dollar (USD) and all other currencies. There have been very few studies on the exchange rate of Nepal, of which the majority focus on the bivariate relationship between exchange rate and another variable. However, this paper analyses the multivariate relationship between the USD-NPR exchange rate and major macroeconomic variables. Determinants of Nepal's exchange rate have been derived with multiple regression using the ordinary least square (OLS) approach. Since the explanatory variables could not significantly capture the movement of the dependent variable, a long-run relationship between Nepal and India's exchange rate has been analyzed using Engle-Granger cointegration to establish a relationship as suggested by a graphical representation. This explains that Nepal's exchange rate long run is determined by India's exchange rate than its own fundamentals. In addition, the macro-linkages of Nepal's macroeconomic variables have been analyzed using Standard Vector Autoregressive models followed by impulse response analysis which is useful for policy decisions. Some policy implications indicating the sustainability of Nepal's pegged regime have been drawn based on the empirical analysis.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.909-917
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• 2020

The research aims to analyze the firm-specific and macroeconomic factors that affect insurance company's financial performance. The research explores the variables that influence the financial performance of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)' insurance companies. The analysis for determining financial performance considers the following variables: the firm's age, retention ratio, capital adequacy, underwriting risk/loss ratio, financial-leverage, reinsurance dependency, and macro-economic factors such as GDP per capita, inflation rate considered as independent factors. The return-on-asset (ROA) is the key measuring indicator; it is regarded as the dependent variable for financial performance measures. The research focuses on secondary information obtained from insurance companies' financial statements. The researcher targeted 18 insurance companies listed on the UAE stock exchanges for study purposes. The research examines the overall factors that influence the financial performance of an insurance company. For analysis of data, software package of social sciences (SPSS version 20) is used. The studies used correlation and multiple linear regression analysis to determine financial performance and their effects. The analysis suggests that there are important and constructive relationships between the size, capital adequacy, and reinsurance dependency, while loss ratio, retention ratio, and financial leverage indicate a major negative relationship. And there's no link between GDP per capita and inflation.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.68 no.4
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• pp.423-442
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• 2018

In this paper, masonry infilled reinforced concrete (RC) frames are analyzed through a probabilistic approach. A macro-modeling technique, based on an equivalent diagonal pin-jointed strut, has been resorted to for modelling the stiffening contribution of the masonry panels. Since it is quite difficult to decide which mechanical characteristics to assume for the diagonal struts in such simplified model, the strut width is here considered as a random variable, whose stochastic characterization stems from a wide set of empirical expressions proposed in the literature. The stochastic analysis of the masonry infilled RC frame is conducted via the Probabilistic Transformation Method by employing a set of space transformation laws of random vectors to determine the probability density function (PDF) of the system response in a direct manner. The knowledge of the PDF of a set of response indicators, including displacements, bending moments, shear forces, interstory drifts, opens an interesting discussion about the influence of the uncertainty of the masonry infills and the resulting implications in a design process.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.18 no.5 s.95
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• pp.639-648
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• 2006

A shear experiment of one-way monotonic loading was carried out with the shear span ratio as the main experimental variable for reinforced concrete beam. Using the finite element analysis as the experimental analysis tool and the analysis method to compute the shear resistance of small shear span ratio, a new macro-model composed of crooked main strut and sub strut is proposed in consideration of the effect of bond action between re-bar and concrete based on the experimental result. The experimental finding affirmed the validity of the proposed macro-model when the shear span ratio was at or below 0.75 and confirmed that the experimental result was the most consistent with the computed analysis result when the effective factor of concrete compressive strength was set at 0.75.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.77-88
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• 2021

The stock markets in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries are the leading emerging markets globally. Therefore, it is pertinent to ascertain the critical drivers of stock market development in these economies. The currrent study empirically investigates to identify the linkages between stock market development, key macro-economic factors and institutional factors in the BRICS economies. The study covers the time period from 2000 to 2017. The dependent variable is the country's stock market development and the independent variables consist of six macroeconomic variables and five institutional variables. The study employs a panel cointegration test, Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS), a Pooled Mean Group (PMG) approach and a heterogeneous panel non-causality test.The findings of the study indicate co-integration among the selected variables across the BRICS stock markets. Long-run estimations reveal that five macroeconomic variables and four variables related to institutional quality are positive and statistically significant. Further, short-run causalities between stock market capitalization and selected variables are detected through the test of non-causality in a heterogeneous panel setting. The findings suggest that policymakers in the BRICS countries should enhance robust macroeconomic conditions to support their financial markets and should strengthen the institutional quality drivers to stimulate the pace of stock market development in their countries.