• Title/Summary/Keyword: mCoupon

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NFC Mobile Coupon Protocol Based on Hash (해시 기반 NFC 모바일 쿠폰 프로토콜)

  • Lee, Jae-Dong
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.782-790
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    • 2017
  • As most of the recent smart devices have NFC function the NFC mobile coupon will become one of the pervasive NFC applications. We need the secure NFC coupon protocols to issue and use NFC mobile coupon. In this paper, we analyze the security of the previous protocols and point out the problems of security. As the result of analysis, Premium M-coupon Protocol proposed by A. Alshehri and S. Schneider is the most secure but has unnecessary operations. We propose the Modified Premium M-coupon Protocol-1 with the unnecessary operations removed and show this protocol is secure by security analysis. Most of NFC mobile coupon protocols use the cryptography with the shared secret keys. We propose the Modified Premium M-coupon Protocol-2 without the shared secret keys and show this protocol is secure by security analysis.

Security Analysis on NFC-based M-coupon Protocols and its Countermeasure (NFC에 기반한 모바일 쿠폰 프로토콜에 대한 안전성 분석 및 대응 방안)

  • Ha, Jae-Cheol
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.1388-1397
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    • 2015
  • Recently, an application business model was proposed to implement an M-coupon system using the NFC-based mobile devices. In this paper, the security requirements were surveyed for a secure M-coupon system and to analyze the threats on the existing NFC-based M-coupon protocols. After considering the implementation efficiency and security, this paper presents a novel M-coupon protocol based on the Diffie-Hellman key agreement scheme. This protocol can be an alternative to solve the security problems related to the PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) and secret key distribution. Furthermore, this M-coupon protocol is designed to provide user authentication and counteract the relay attack.

Design and Implementation of Secure and Efficient mCoupon System in NFC Environment (NFC 환경에서 안전하고 효율적인 mCoupon 시스템 설계 및 구현)

  • Lee, Dae-Hwi;Kim, Hyun-Jin;Park, Sung-Wook;Lee, lm-Yeong
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2014.11a
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    • pp.499-502
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    • 2014
  • 최근에는 많은 스마트폰 어플리케이션이 결제와 할인쿠폰, 적립 등 각종 기능을 제공하면서 사용자들에게 매우 간편한 거래 방식을 제공할 수 있는 NFC 서비스 시장이 성장할 것으로 전망되고 있다. 특히 스마트폰의 NFC 기능을 이용한 여러 서비스들 중 모바일 쿠폰 서비스인 mCoupon 서비스의 시장 활성화를 위해 다양한 인프라가 구축되고 있다. 하지만 mCoupon 서비스는 아직까지 관련 보안 연구가 미흡한 상태이며 보안 기술 개발 속도 또한 현재 구축되고 있는 다양한 인프라에 따라가지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 NFC 환경에서의 mCoupon 서비스를 위한 안전하고 효율적인 쿠폰 시스템을 설계하고 구현한다.

A Study on Light-weight Signature Scheme for NFC mCoupon Service (NFC mCoupon 서비스를 위한 경량화 서명 기법에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Sung-Wook;Lee, Im-Yeong
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.275-284
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    • 2014
  • Recently, the combination of mobile and NFC aroused great momentum for Activation of NFC services market. Especially, mCoupon service using NFC has been utilized in a variety consumer marketing. However, mCoupons differ significantly from paper-based coupons because unprotected data can be easily copied or modified without significant cost by anyone. A high number of uncontrolled copies of coupons can result in a significant loss. In this paper, we proposed a light-weight signature scheme that is protected against illegal use in nfc mobile payment environment to using limited resources.

NFC-based Integrated Mobile Payment System using the mCoupon (NFC 기반의 mCoupon을 이용한 모바일 통합 결제 시스템)

  • Hwang, Yong-Woon;Lee, Dae-Hwi;Kim, Su-Hyeon;Lee, Im-Yeong
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2015.10a
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    • pp.1061-1064
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    • 2015
  • 모바일 IT기술이 발전함에 따라 비접촉 근거리 무선 통신 기술 중 NFC가 대부분의 스마트기기에 탑재되어 빠르게 확산되고 있다. 특히 스마트폰의 NFC 기능을 이용한 서비스들 중 모바일 결제 서비스가 활성화를 위해 다양한 인프라가 구축되어 있으며 최근에는 금융과 기술이 결합한 '핀테크(Fintech)'가 주목받으면서 NFC를 사용한 모바일 결제에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 기존의 NFC 모바일 결제 시스템은 쿠폰 사용, 포인트 결제 등 다양한 할인혜택을 제공한다. 하지만, 결제 시 할인혜택을 받는 과정에서 쿠폰 사용으로 인해 시간이 다소 소요되며 여러 번 통신으로 결제가 진행되어 사용자들로 하여금 불편하다는 문제가 발생한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 NFC 환경에서의 mCoupon(mobile-coupon)을 이용한 안전하고 효율적인 통합결제 시스템을 설계하여 사용자들로 하여금 누구나 쉽게 사용할 수 있도록 구현한다.

A Case Study on Restaurant Online Coupon Redemption Behavior of Resting Customers (외식업 온라인 쿠폰 이용 사례 연구 : 휴면 고객 재방문을 중심으로)

  • Shin, Seo-Ho;Shin, Seo-Young;Choi, Kyu-Wan;Yang, Il-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.693-700
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    • 2008
  • The purposes this study were to a) analyze the revisiting ratio of resting customers after issuing online coupons, b) compare the characteristics of coupon redemption customers with non-redemption customers. For this study, the customers of M restaurant who did not revisit during the last 8 months were classified as 'resting customers', totaling 4,052 customers. The online coupons, valid for 9 months, were sent via e-mail to those customers. After that, the data collected from those who redeemed the coupon in September 2006 was utilized. As a result of sending the coupon to 4,052 resting customers, 1,288 customers redeemed the coupon during the study period, showing relatively high redemption ratio (31.6%). The average check of customers with the online coupon was decreased by 22% compared with customers without the coupon, but the party size remained almost the same, 2.6 customers, and also the redemption ratio was increasing as the expiration date of the coupon was approaching. The redemption ratio of female (35.3%) was much higher than male (19.2%), representing higher redemption possibility of the female customers by issuing the coupon. The redemption ratio of the twenties (69.1%) was obviously higher than other age groups. Also, the non-redemption ratio of other groups except the twenties was higher than the redemption ratio. The redemption ratio of low-educated was higher, under college degree (58.6%), college degree (35.4%), and over college degree (16.6%). Following the result of the average visiting frequency of redemption customers during last the 8 months was 4.2, the frequency of non-redemption customers was 9.8. The total average visiting of non-redemption customer was 10.5, and that of redemption customers was 8.6. Customers who visited the restaurant less frequently in the past have higher possibility to revisit after receiving the coupon.

Corrosion Rate of Buried Pipeline by Alternating Current

  • Song, H.S.;Kim, Y.G.;Lee, S.M.;Kho, Y.T.;Park, Y.S.
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2005
  • An alternating current (AC) corrosion on buried pipeline has been studied using coupon and ER probe. Coupons and ER probes were applied to the sites from high value of AC voltage to low value based on the survey of AC voltages on buried gas transmission pipeline over the country. Parameters such as AC current density of coupon, AC voltage, cathodic protection potential, soil resistivity and frequency were monitored continually. Corrosion induced by AC was observed even under cathodically protected condition that met cathodic protection criterion (; below -850 mV vs. CSE). Corrosion rate was affected mainly not by AC voltage but by both of frequency and AC current density. An experimental corrosion rate relation could be obtained according to effective AC current density, in which AC corrosion rate increased linearly with effective AC current density, and its slope was 0.619 in coupon method and 0.885 in ER probes.

Hermetic Characteristics of Negative PR (Negative PR의 기밀 특성)

  • Choi, Eui-Jung;Sun, Yong-Bin
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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    • v.5 no.2 s.15
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    • pp.33-36
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    • 2006
  • Many issues arose to use the Pb-free solder as adhesive materials in MEMS ICs and packaging. Then this study for easy and simple sealing method using adhesive materials was carried out to maintain hermetic characteristic in MEMS Package. In this study, Hermetic characteristic using negative PR (XP SU-8 3050 NO-2) as adhesive at the interface of Si test coupon/glass substrate and Si test coupon/LTCC substrate was examined. For experiment, the dispenser pressure was 4 MPa and the $200\;{\mu}m{\Phi}$ syringe nozzle was used. 3.0 mm/sec as speed of dispensing and 0.13 mm as the gap between Si test coupon and nozzle was selected to machine condition. 1 min at $65^{\circ}C$ and 15 min at $95^{\circ}C$ as Soft bake, $200\;mj/cm^2$ expose in 365 nm wavelength as UV expose, 1 min at $65^{\circ}C$ and 6 min at $95^{\circ}C$ as Post expose bake, 60 min at $150^{\circ}C$ as hard bake were selected to activation condition of negative PR. Hermetic sealing was achieved at the Si test coupon/ glass substrate and Si test coupon/LTCC substrate. The leak rate of Si test coupon/glass substrate was $5.9{\times}10^{-8}mbar-l/sec$, and there was no effect by adhesive method. The leak rate of Si test coupon/LTCC substrate was $4.9{\times}10^{-8}mbar-l/sec$, and there was no effect by dispensing cycle. Better leak rate value could be achieved to use modified substrate which prevent PR flow, to increase UV expose energy and to use system that controls gap automatically with vision.

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Involvement of Organic Acid During Corrosion of Iron Coupon by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans

  • Park, Kyung-Ran;Lee, Hyun-Jin;Lee, Hong-Keum;Kim, Yeong-Kwan;Oh, Young-Sook;Choi, Sung-Chan
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.937-941
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    • 2003
  • Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is an electrochemical process where the participation of microorganisms initiates, facilitates, or accelerates the corrosion reaction. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) reduce sulfate to sulfide and are known to be the most destructive microorganisms in anaerobic MIC. Accordingly, the current study attempted to elucidate the mechanisms involved and the relative importance of the corrosive products in SRB-induced corrosion. The measured rate of anaerobic corrosion of iron coupons by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans was $89.9{\;}\mu\textrm{g}{\;}\textrm{m}^{-2}{\;}d^{-1}$. Direct contact between the cells and the iron coupon did not seem to be necessary for corrosion to occur, since the corrosion rate was similar ($100.8{\;}\mu\textrm{g}{\;}\textrm{m}^{-2}{\;}d^{-1}$) when the coupon was enclosed in a dialysis bag. The participation of sulfide in the corrosion process was only marginal, as the specific corrosion rate was 2.5 times higher in a sulfate-free pyruvate medium than in an $H_2S-producing$ lactate medium. Acetate (18.8-22.1 mM), the end-product of pyruvate and lactate metabolism, was identified in the culture medium and thus presumed to play a major role in the corrosion process involving Desulfovibrio desulfuricans.

Corrosion Rate of Buried Pipeline by Induced Alternating Current (교류가 유도되는 매설배관에서의 교류 부식속도 측정에 관한 연구)

  • Song H. S.;Kim Y. G.;Lee S. M.;Kho Y. T.;Park Y. S.
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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    • v.5 no.3 s.15
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    • pp.63-72
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    • 2001
  • An alternating current (AC) corrosion using coupon and electric resistance (ER) probe has been studied. Coupon coupled with ER probe were applied in terms of AC voltage from high value to low value through the survey of AC voltages on buried gas transmission pipeline over the country. Parameters such as AC current density of coupon, AC voltage, cathodic protection potential, soil resistivity and frequency were monitored continually. Corrosion induced by AC was observed even under cathodically protected condition that met cathodic protection criterion (below -850mv vs. CSE). Corrosion rate was affected mainly not by AC voltage but by both of frequency and AC current density. An experimental corrosion rate relationship could be obtained statistically, In which AC corrosion rate increased linearly with effective AC current density and its slope was 0.619 in case of coupon and 0.885 in case of ER probe.

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