• Title/Summary/Keyword: m-health

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A Study on the Usefulness of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction with Radiation Dose Variation in MDCT (MDCT에서 선량 변화에 따른 딥러닝 재구성 기법의 유용성 연구)

  • Ga-Hyun, Kim;Ji-Soo, Kim;Chan-Deul, Kim;Joon-Pyo, Lee;Joo-Wan, Hong;Dong-Kyoon, Han
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.37-46
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of Deep Learning Image Reconstruction (TrueFidelity, TF), the image quality of existing Filtered Back Projection (FBP) and Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction-Veo (ASIR-V) were compared. Noise, CNR, and SSIM were measured by obtaining images with doses fixed at 17.29 mGy and altered to 10.37 mGy, 12.10 mGy, 13.83 mGy, and 15.56 mGy in reconstruction techniques of FBP, ASIR-V 50%, and TF-H. TF-H has superior image quality compared to FBP and ASIR-V when the reconstruction technique change is given at 17.29 mGy. When dose changes were made, Noise, CNR, and SSIM were significantly different when comparing 10.37 mGy TF-H and FBP (p<0.05), and no significant difference when comparing 10.37 mGy TF-H and ASIR-V 50% (p>0.05). TF-H has a dose-reduction effect of 30%, as the highest dose of 15.56 mGy ASIR-V has the same image quality as the lowest dose of 10.37 mGy TF-H. Thus, Deep Learning Reconstruction techniques (TF) were able to reduce dose compared to Iterative Reconstruction techniques (ASIR-V) and Filtered Back Projection (FBP). Therefore, it is considered to reduce the exposure dose of patients.

A COMPARISON OF THE V4 STRAIN WITH THE CONVENTIONAL F1 AND M STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VACCINE IN RURAL BANGLADESH

  • Biswas, H.R.;Hoque, M.M.;Chowdhury, S.M.Z.H.;Oxley, M.E.;Rahman, M.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.231-235
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    • 1996
  • Bangladeshi indigenous chickens of mixed ages vaccinated twice at a three week interval with either conventional vaccines-$F_1$ (ocular) and M (mukteswar, Intramuscular), or heat resistant $V_4$ vaccine administered by either the ocular or oral routes, all showed satisfactory hemagglutination inhibition antibody (HI) responses and protection against Newcastle Disease (NCD) challenge persisting for four months. The antibody response to $F_1$ and M was higher than for $V_4$, which was similar whether administered by the ocular or oral routes. All vaccinated treatments have a significant level of protection compare to the control group (p<0.01). No significant difference (p>0.05) in the protection against controlled challenge with virulent NCD virus was found between vaccinated groups.

Prediction of Flame Propagation Velocity based on the Behavior of Dust Particles (분진폭발의 입자거동을 고려한 화염전파속도의 예측)

  • Han, OuSup;Han, InSoo;Choi, YiRac
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.47 no.6
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    • pp.705-709
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    • 2009
  • Based on experimental study of lycopodium dust particles' behavior, we suggest the flame propagation model through dust clouds. With dust concentration, flame velocity reaches a maximum value at $170g/m^3$ to exceed the stoichometric concentration for lycopodium-air mixture combustion and decreases slightly in the richer side of $500g/m^3$. At $47{\sim}200g/m^3$, mean velocity of particle increases in proportion to flame velocity. As the sum of burning rate and particle velocity is approximate in flame velocity, the flame propagation velocity with lycopodium dust concentration can be estimated by the calculation and it was found that behavior of particles is useful for better understanding of dust flame propagation velocity.

Evaluation of Megasphaera elsdenii supplementation on rumen fermentation, production performance, carcass traits and health of ruminants: a meta-analysis

  • Irwan Susanto;Komang G. Wiryawan;Sri Suharti;Yuli Retnani;Rika Zahera;Anuraga Jayanegara
    • Animal Bioscience
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.879-890
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    • 2023
  • Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the use of Megasphaera elsdenii (M. elsdenii) as a probiotic on rumen fermentation, production performance, carcass traits and health of ruminants by integrating data from various related studies using meta-analysis. Methods: A total of 32 studies (consisted of 136 data points) were obtained and integrated into a database. The parameters integrated were fermentation products, rumen microbes, production performance, carcass quality, animal health, blood and urine metabolites. Statistical analysis of the compiled database used a mixed model methodology. Different studies were considered random effects, while M. elsdenii supplementation doses were considered fixed effects. p-values and the Akaike information criterion were employed as model statistics. The model was deemed significant at p<0.05 or had a tendency to be significant when p-value between 0.05<p<0.10. Results: Supplementation with M. elsdenii increased (p<0.05) some proportion of fermented rumen products such as propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and valerate, and significantly reduced (p<0.05) lactic acid concentration, acetate proportion, total bacterial population and methane emission. Furthermore, the probiotic supplementation enhanced (p<0.05) livestock production performance, especially in the average daily gain and body condition score. Regarding the carcass quality, hot carcass weight and carcass gain were elevated (p< 0.05) due to the M. elsdenii supplementation. Animal health also showed improvement as indicated by the lower (p<0.05) diarrhoea and bloat incidences as well as the liver abscess. However, M. elsdenii supplementation had negligible effects on blood and urine metabolites of ruminants. Conclusion: Supplementation of M. elsdenii is capable of decreasing ruminal lactic acid concentration, enhancing rumen health, elevating some favourable rumen fermentation products, and in turn, increasing production performance of ruminants.

Occurrence and Countermeasures for Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and Milk Products: A Review (우유 및 유제품에서 Aflatoxin M1 발생현황과 대책)

  • Chon, Jung-Whan;Bae, Dongryeoul;Song, Kwang-Young;Jeong, Dongkwan;Seo, Kun-Ho
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.1-14
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    • 2019
  • In general, milk is a nutritious food and is very helpful in improving and maintaining a person's health. However, over the past 30 years, a number of studies have reported the presence of Aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products worldwide. The contamination with Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products has become an important issue all over the world. The presence of the mycotoxin in these products was a major concern particularly among children and infants, who are more sensitive than adults. This study reviewed recent data to summarize the current status of Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products produced in various regions around the world, related regulations, reduction strategies, detection methods, and future research tasks. Strict regulation and superior milk-handling techniques are essential to minimize Aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk and dairy products using ever-evolving analytical techniques. Furthermore, education should be imparted to ensure that Aflatoxin M1 that may exist in milk and dairy products and its effects on human health are made aware of.

Preliminary Studies on the Necropsy-Based Health Assessment Index (HAI) Using a Ecological Indicator Species (생태 지표종을 이용한 해부학적 건강성 평가지수(HAI) 적용을 위한 예비실험)

  • Kim, Ja-Hyun;Bae, Dae-Yeul;Lee, Jae-Yon;An, Kwang-Guk
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.39 no.1 s.115
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    • pp.62-72
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    • 2006
  • Biological health in aquatic environments has been assessed by several approaches using various bio-taxa. Especially, fish has been identified as one of the best ecological indicators for an integrative health assessments in aquatic environments. In this preliminary study, the necropsy-based approach using the Health Assessment Index (Adams et al., 1993; HAI, Blazer, 2000), was employed for the assessments of aquatic environments influenced by effluent water from wastewater disposal plants (WDP) near a urban stream (i.e., Cap-Stream). For the impact analysis from the effluents, we developed 10 metric necropsy-based model including $M_l\;skin,\;M_2\;fin,\;M_3\;thymus,\;M_4\;spleen,\;M_5\;hindgut,\;M_6\;kidney,\;M_7\;liver.\;M_8\;eyes,\;M_9\;gill,\;and\;M_{10}$ pseudobranch. We set up duplicate controls (natural upstream water plus 5 fishes in each control tank) and duplicate treatments (effluent water from the WDP plus 5 fishes in each treatment tank) in the laboratory. Preliminary results showed that HAI values in the controls were zero, indicating an excellent condition by the criteria of HAI, while the HAI values in the treatments ranged between 40 and 150, indicating a poor condition. Also, various health conditions, based on the index of biological integrity (IBI), species richness, tolerance guilds, and trophic guilds supported the HAI approach. The HAI approach, not applied in Korea, not may be used as an surrogate fer ecological health assessment in lotic ecosystems.

Comparison of the Refracting Power and Aberration according to the Measurement Change in Illumination and Area of the Pupils (조도와 동공 영역의 측정 변화에 따른 굴절력과 수차의 비교)

  • Kim, Bong-Hwan;Han, Seon-Hee;Park, Byeong-Gyu;Hwang, Hyeon-Ju;Bae, Ye-Sol;Seo, Jeong-Bin;Yeo, Ye-Eun;Yoon, Min-Jeong;Kim, Hak-Jun
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.550-555
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    • 2016
  • Purpose. We compared with the refracting power and aberration according to the measurement change in illumination and the pupils area by using the auto refraction instruments. Methods. In this study it were examined 64 eyes without eye disease, 21.4 (${\pm}2.54$) age, 32 (male 10, female 22) patients. Experiments in general illumination using the auto refraction instruments (HRK-8000A, Huvitz, Korea) was measured in both eyes 3 times and after scotopic for 30 minutes in a dark room blocked the light was measured in the same way. Aberration were measured coma, spherical aberration, high and low order aberrations in a general illumination (3500 lux) and low illumination (5 lux) of the pupil area 3.96 mm and 5.96 mm. Results. In the general illumination for measuring of the pupil area, the refractive power, coma, spherical aberration and low order aberration was no significant difference. In the low illumination, spherical aberration of the pupil area was $0.005({\pm}0.015){\mu}m$ in a 3.96mm, $0.014({\pm}0.020){\mu}m$ in a 5.96 mm and appeared a significant difference(p = 0.003). In general and low illumination on the results of comparing the measured values of the refractive power and aberration at the pupil area 3.96 mm, high order aberrations was $0.205({\pm}0.145){\mu}m$ in general illumination, $0.132({\pm}0.075){\mu}m$ in low illumination and appeared a significant differences(p = 0.001). High order aberrations at the pupil area 5.96 mm was $0.278({\pm}0.244){\mu}m$ in general illumination, $0.150({\pm}0.092){\mu}m$ in low illumination and appeared a significant differences(p = 0.000). Conclusions. When the eye refractive power measured by the automatic refraction does not depend on the illumination conditions and size of the observation pupil area, it was found that aberrations are affected by the illumination and the observation pupil area. It was found that the eye examination chamber illumination to obtain accurate measurement produces better results to decrease than to increase.

The Study of Indoor Air Quality at Schools in Chung-Nam Area (충남 지역 학교의 실내공기질에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Tae-Jin;Choi, Han-Seam;Jeon, Young-Taek;Lee, Che-Won;Lee, Jong-Dae;Jou, Hye-Mee;Son, Bu-Soon
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.501-507
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    • 2008
  • The concentrations of HCHO(formaldehyde), $PM_{10}$(particulate matter), $CO_2$(carbon dioxide) and TBC(total bacteria counter) distribution in schools(Chung-Nam Area) were examined, and the results were compared with the recommended criterion of the administration law of indoor air. The subjects were an elementary school, a middle school and a high school in Chung-Nam area, and the concentration of TBC was examined by Single Stage Air Cascade Sampler, which applied the inertia collision catching method of 28.29L/min(flux) during 5 months from March, 2007 to July, 2007. The instrument(LD-3B, SIBATA Company)was used to examine $PM_{10}$, by a light scattering method and a light transmission method. The instrument(Airboxx(KD Engineering) was used to examine $CO_2$. The instrument(Z300XP(Environmental sensor)was used to examine HCHO. The result indicated that the $PM_{10}$ average concentrations of the surveyed classrooms were $49{\mu}g/m^3$ in Spring and $59{\mu}g/m^3$ in Summer. The $CO_2$ average concentration of the surveyed schools were 576 ppm in the classroom and 527 ppm in the stateroom. The average concentration of TBC were $729CFU/m^3$ in an elementary school, $401CFU/m^3$ in a middle school, $381CFU/m^3$ in a high school. The HCHO average concentration of the surveyed schools were 0.03 ppm in the classroom, 0.02 ppm in the stateroom.

A Study of change of oral health state score from gingivitis patients using toothbrushing method (칫솔질 방법에 따른 치은염 환자의 구강건강상태지수 변화)

  • Jeong, Hyun-Ja;Kim, Hye-Jin;Jeong, Ae-Hwa
    • Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.595-602
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    • 2011
  • Objectives : This study purpose were the effect of toothbrushing for decreasing halitosis for gingivitis and periodontitis patients. Methods : The university staffs were examined oral condition and analysised a change of oral health state score after using 3 types of toothbrushing. Results : The results were as followed : OHI-S shows that the decreasing effect takes place in the M. bass method and Tooth pick method, but shows no differences by each method. GI for Self test method shows decreasing effect after 2nd week during education while the M. bass method and Tooth pick method shows after 1st week during education. The M. bass method shows much greater effect of halitosis amongst 3 kind of method. PI for Self test method and Tooth pick method show decreasing effect. Decreasing effect during education shows until 2nd week by 3 kind of method, but it shows no differences after 3rd week. VSC(ppb) for M. bass method and Tooth pick method show decreasing effect. Decreasing effect during education shows after 3rd week by 3 kind of method, but it shows no differences until 2nd week. PHP for Self test method, M. bass method and Tooth pick method show decreasing effect after 2nd week during education. But, there is no differences of decreasing effect by among 3 kind of method. Conclusions : This study reports that it is necessary to carry outt further studies on the improvement of oral health management of adults based on the development of oral health education.

Level of radiation dose in university hospital non-insured private health screening programs in Korea

  • Lee, Yun-Keun
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.31
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    • pp.7.1-7.6
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    • 2016
  • Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate radiation exposure resulting from the comprehensive health examinations of selected university hospital programs and to present basic data for research and management strategies on the health effects of medical radiation exposure. Methods Radiation-based diagnostic studies of the comprehensive health examination programs of ten university hospitals in Seoul, Korea, as introduced in their websites, were analyzed. The medical radiation studies of the programs were reviewed by radiologists. Only the effective doses of the basic studies were included in the analysis. The optional studies of the programs were excluded. Results Among the 190 comprehensive health examination programs, 132 programs (69.5%) included computed tomography studies, with an average of 1.4 scans. The average effective dose of radiation by program was 3.62 mSv for an intensive program for specific diseases; 11.12 mSv for an intensive program for cancer; 18.14 mSv for a premium program; and 24.08 mSv for an overnight program. A higher cost of a programs was linked to a higher effective dose (r=0.812). The effective doses of the examination programs for the same purposes differed by as much as 2.1 times by hospital. Inclusion of positron emission tomography-computed tomography was the most critical factor in determining the level of effective dose. Conclusions It was found that radiation exposure dose from comprehensive health exam programs targeted for an asymptomatic, healthy public reached between 3.6 and 24 times the annual dose limit for the general public. Relevant management policies at the national level should be provided to minimize medical radiation exposure.