• Journal of Life Science
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.22-26
• /
• 2002

CS21 lymphoma cells that preferentially metastasize to lymph nodes after s.c. inoculation into BALB/c mice were grown in vitro in the presence of CA12 stromal cells isolated from lymph nodes. To obtain fundamental data on identification and characterization of the soluble factor(s) produced by CA12 stromal cells, we investigated the biological profile of the conditioned medium produced by CAl2 stromal cells. CAl2 conditioned medium has no affinity with Con A. CAl2 conditioned medium is associated with the proliferation of splenic T- and thymic T-cells with-out adding mitogen, although the conditioned medium cannot induce the differentiation of thymocytes. Additionally, we showed that H-7, not HA-1004 inhibits CS21 cell proliferation. These results suggest that CAl2 conditioned medium has a specific soluble factor(s) produced by lymph node stromal cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 1998

CS-2l lymphoma cells that preferentially metastasize to lymph nodes after s.c. inoculation into BALB/c mice were grown in vitro in the presence of CA- 12 stromal cells isolated from lymph nodes. In order to obtain fundamental data on the identification and characterization of the soluble factors produced by CA-12 stromal cells, the conditioned medium of CA-12 stromal cells that inhibited apoptosis of CS-21 cells was examined. Various analytical treatments revealed that the soluble factors in CA-12 conditioned medium are very sensitive to heat treatment and trypsinization. Moreover CA-12 conditioned medium has an affinity with heparin but not with Con-A. In addition to these, the activity of CA-12 conditioned medium was blocked by H-7, a PKC inhibitor, but the conditioned medium could not induce the differentiation of thymocytes. We concluded that CA-12 conditioned medium contains stromal cell-derived apoptosis-inhibitory molecules that play an important role in proliferation of CS-2l cells by suppressing cell apoptosis.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.99-102
• /
• 2001

Mouse malignant T-lymphoma CS21 cells can grow when cocultured with CAl2 lymph node stromal cells, but they undergo apoptotic cell death with DNA fragmentation when separated from CA12 stromal cells. In the course of examining the effects of the soluble factor (s) secreted by CAl2 stromal cells on CS2l cell growth, we found that thiols including cysteine promoted CS2l cell growth. P388 cell growth was also promoted by various thiols. These results suggest that thiols including cysteine participate in CA12 and P388 cell growth.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.192-195
• /
• 2013

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor is a rare tumor which arises from the whole gastrointestinal tracts and most of it is detected in the stomach. It is uncommon with small intestine originated gastrointestinal stromal tumor and more uncommon with lymphatic metastasis. We experienced an unusual case of the small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor during experimental autopsy. Two primary tumors with central necrosis were detected in the ileum. The sizes of each tumor were $6.1{\times}3.4{\times}4.0$ cm and $3.7{\times}4.2{\times}3.2$ cm. There was extensive lymphatic metastasis on the greater omentum and mesenteric, iliac lymph nodes were also involved. With histologic findings, the eosinophilic spindle cells were densely distributed. Immunohistochemical findings were CD117 (-), CD34 (+), desmin (-), and S-100 protein (-). Therefore, we diagnosed the tumors as small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumors with broad lymph node mestasis.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.25.1-25.16
• /
• 2021

Background: Malignant lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic malignancy in dogs, and relapse is frequently seen despite aggressive initial treatment. In order for the treatment of these recurrent lymphomas in dogs to be effective, it is important to choose a personalized and sensitive anticancer agent. To provide a reliable tool for drug development and for personalized cancer therapy, it is critical to maintain key characteristics of the original tumor. Objectives: In this study, we established a model of hybrid tumor/stromal spheroids and investigated the association between canine lymphoma cell line (GL-1) and canine lymph node (LN)-derived stromal cells (SCs). Methods: A hybrid spheroid model consisting of GL-1 cells and LN-derived SC was created using ultra low attachment plate. The relationship between SCs and tumor cells (TCs) was investigated using a coculture system. Results: TCs cocultured with SCs were found to have significantly upregulated multidrug resistance genes, such as P-qp, MRP1, and BCRP, compared with TC monocultures. Additionally, it was revealed that coculture with SCs reduced doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest of GL-1 cells. Conclusions: SCs upregulated multidrug resistance genes in TCs and influenced apoptosis and the cell cycle of TCs in the presence of anticancer drugs. This study revealed that understanding the interaction between the tumor microenvironment and TCs is essential in designing experimental approaches to personalized medicine and to predict the effect of drugs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.201-205
• /
• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is generally a rare primary liver tumor of the bile duct with extremely poor clinical outcomes due to late diagnosis. Osteopontin (OPN) is the most abundant expressed gene in intrahepatic CCA and its involvement in tumor aggressiveness suggests it could be a useful prognostic biomarker. However, the prognostic significance of OPN expression in CCA is still controversial. We therefore immunohistochemically studied OPN expression in 354 resected CCAs and correlated the results with patient clinicopathological parameters. OPN expression was separately scored according to the percentage of cancer cells or degree of stromal tissue staining and classified as low (score 0-1) and high (score 2-3). OPN expression in CCA cells was found in 177 out of 354 patients (56.5%), whereas stroma was positive in 185 out of 354 patients (52.3%). Univariate analysis with several of the aforementioned parameters revealed that stromal but not cancer cell OPN expression was significantly associated with tumor size, tumor direct invasion into normal liver parenchyma, regional lymph node metastasis and higher staging. The combination of cancer cell and stromal OPN expression demonstrated a positive trend for linkage with lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis identified gender, the presence of lymphatic permeation and lymph node metastasis, but not OPN expression, as independent prognostic factors. This study confirms the presence of stromal OPN expression in tumor aggressiveness but not survival in CCA patients.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.457-466
• /
• 1992

An 11 years old Irish Setter bitch was euthanlzed and necropsied because of clinical findings such as severe purulent nasal discharge and formation of large tumor mass, 8 ${\times}$8cm in size, in the abdominal cavity. A complete unilateral mastectomy had been carried out twice 14 and 22 months before necropsy. The surgically removed masess of the mammary glands had been diagnosed as malignant mixed tumor in each time. Grossly, tumor masses were observed in nasal cavity, infralumbar lymph node, lung, abdominal cavityn and brain. Microscopic findings of the surgically removed masses consisted of tumor epithelial cells, tumor hyaline cartilage-like structures and abundant connective tissues. The mass of the lymph node had similar microscopic features to those of the original malignant mixed tumor of the mammary glands. The tumor osseous tissue and osteoid were observed in the abdominal cavity, lung, and brain. Myoepithelial cells were frequently found on association with the metastatic tumors. From the results, it was concluded that malignant mixed tumor of the mammary glands metastasized to the infralunbar lymph node, abdominal cavity, lung and brain. In addition, the observation in this study supported two theories at the same time that the bone in malignant mixed tumor arises by endochondral ossification of the cartilage formed by the myoepithelial cells and arises by intramembranous ossification of stromal connective tissue or transformed myeopithelial cells. Solid carcinoma of the nasal epielia and granulosa cell tumor were also diagnosed in a mass of the nasal cavity and of the ovaries respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.58-63
• /
• 1999

Highly metastatic mouse T-lymphoma CS21 cells can grow in vitro when cocultured with CA12 lymph node stromal cells, but they undergo apoptotic cell death when separated from CA12 stromal cells. It has been found that cysteine and interleukin-7(IL-7) as antiapoptotic soluble factors that produced by CA12 stromal cells. In this study, we report that an ICE family protease is activated in CS21 cells when separated from CA12 stromal cells and cultured alone. Enzyme purification using an avidin affinity column revealed that the involved cysteine protease possessed caspase3-like death protease activity. In addition, when IL-7 was added to CS21 cell culture, the protease activity could not be detected during partial purification of the enzyme. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the caspase3-like protease activation is suppressed by IL-7 as an antiapoptotic factor that leads to abrogation of apoptosis execution.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권11호
• /
• pp.1409-1414
• /
• 2013

림프절은 체내로 침입한 병원체에 반응하여 성숙한 림프구들이 활성화 되는 곳이다. 림프구들은 스트로마의 구조적 뼈대를 따라 동계항원을 제시하고 있는 항원제시세포의 표면을 탐색한다. Fibroblastic reticular cells(FRC)는 림프절 T zone에서 3차원구조 네트워크를 형성하는데 관여하는 스트로마 세포로 유입되는 T 림프구들에 대한 안내길을 제공한다. 이런 상호 협력적인 환경에서 FRC와 T세포의 양방향적 관계는 림프절의 정상적 기능을 수행하는데 필수적이다. FRC는 물리적으로 림프절 조형물을 형성 할 뿐만 아니라 T세포 생물학적 기능조절에도 필수적이다. FRC는 T 림프구와 상호 반응하며 T세포에 발판을 제공하고 T세포 면역반응에 영향을 미치는 용해성 인자들을 방출한다. 최근에는 FRC는 말초에서 자기 관용 T세포 생성에도 관여하며 림프절에서 활성화된 T세포 분열을 조절하는데도 관여하고 있다. 따라서, FRC와 T세포 상호간 협력은 림프절에서 T세포기능을 조절하는데 중요한 결과를 야기한다. 더욱이, FRC는 염증 상황에서 항생펩타이드, 보체 등의 분비를 통한 선천성 면역에도 중요한 역할도 한다. 결론적으로 FRC와 T세포 상호간에 T세포 생물학적 효능을 증대를 위해 양방향성 접촉을 하며 이러한 상호 협력적 피드백은 면역반응 동안 조직기능 유지를 돕게 된다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.356-364
• /
• 2024

림프절은 인체에 침입한 감염원에 대하여 면역반응을 일으키는 곳이다. 림프절은 스트로마세포에 의해 뚜렷하게 구획화되어 있다. 스트로마세포들은 면역세포의 이동, 활성화, 분화를 야기하기 위해 상호작용을 위해 미세환경을 제공한다. FRC는 림프절의 T zone에서 3차원 구조물을 형성하여 면역세포의 통로를 제공한다. FRC는 림프절 구조, 면역세포 리쿠르트, 면역세포와의 상호작용, 항원제시 등을 촉진시키는 역할을 한다. 염증반응 동안, FRC는 면역세포들의 면역반응을 조절하기 위해 국부적이며 분비성 물질을 통해 면역반응을 조절하고 있다. 본문 면역반응 조절을 위해 FRC가 면역반응의 setup, support 그리고 suppress 단계로 3부분에 관여하여 면역반응을 조절하고 있는 것으로 나누어 설명하였다. 전체적으로 FRC는 T 세포생물학적 효율성 증대를 위해 기능을 하는 것으로 보인다. 더불어, FRC는 식작용을 통해 선천성 면역반응에 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 FRC는 림프절에서 면역반응의 immune gate-keepers로써 위치적 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 전체적으로 FRC는 선천성면역과 적응면역의 조절기능에 대한 내용으로 설명하다. 이러한 협력적 피드백 루프는 염증반응 동안 림프절의 기능을 유지하는데 기여를 할 것으로 사료된다.