• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6511-6517
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• 2014

Purpose: We aimed to study the relationship between thrombocytosis and clinical features of gastric cancerfocussing on platelet counts and gastric cancer progression through different TNM stages. Methods: According to the normal range of platelet count in our institution, 1,596 patients were divided to two groups: a thrombocytosis group (120 patients, > $400{\times}1000/{\mu}L$) and a control group (1,476 patients, ${\leq}400{\times}1000/{\mu}L$). Results: The incidence of thrombocytosis was 7.5%. Higher platelet counts were observed in patients with older age, larger tumor size, deeper invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In multivariate logistic regression, tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were independent risk factors for thrombocytosis of gastric cancer patients. On prognostic analysis, age, tumor size, tumor location, histologic type, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM stage and platelet count were important factors. Tumor size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and the platelet count were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: Thrombocytosis is associated with clinical features of gastric cancer patients and correlates with a poor prognosis.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2002

Mutation of the P53 tumor suppressor gene playa major role in the development of many carcinomas, namely in the colon, breast and bladder, whereas the role played by such mutations in thyroid carcinogenesis remains controversial. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces proliferation of endothelial cells, stimulates angiogenesis, and increases vascular permeability. Increased VEGF expression has been associated with poor clinical outcomes in many malignancies E-cadherin, a calcium-dependent transmembrane glycoprotein, is an adhesion molecule Expression of p53, VEGF and E-cadherin was assessed immunohistochemically in 19 tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, 24 common papillary carcinoma and 7 follicular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of P53,VEGF and E-cadherin as a potential maker for the prognosis of thyroid carcinomas. The results are as follows: 1) There were no significance in any clinical parameters examined among tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, common papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma. 2) The expression of P53 demonstrated low in tall columnar variant of papillary carcinoma, common papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma, but a significantly high in regional lymph node metastasis. 3) The expression of VEGF demonstrated a significantly high in regional lymph node metastasis than those without metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. 4) The expression of E-cadherin demonstrated less often among papillary carcinomas with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. In conclusion, it is suggested that VEGF and E-cadherin will be useful for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma and serves as a biological marker for thyroid carcinoma lymph node metastasis.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.433-4341
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) on recurrence and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients with cytology-proven axillary node metastasis. Methods: We selected patients who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis and were treated with NAC followed by curative surgery between January 2007 and December 2014. We classified patients into three groups: group A, negative sentinel lymph node (SLN) status and no further dissection; group B, negative SLN status with backup axillary lymph node dissection (ALND); and group C, no residual axillary metastasis on pathology with standard ALND. Results: The median follow-up time was 51 months (range, 3-122 months) and the median number of retrieved SLNs was 5 (range, 2-9). The SLN identification rate was 98.3% (234/238 patients), and the false negative rate of SLNB after NAC was 7.5%. There was no significant difference in axillary recurrence-free survival (p=0.118), disease-free survival (DFS; p=0.578) or overall survival (OS; p=0.149) among groups A, B, and C. In the subgroup analysis of breast pathologic complete response (pCR) status, there was no significant difference in DFS (p=0.271, p=0.892) or OS (p=0.207, p=0.300) in the breast pCR and non-pCR patients. Conclusion: These results suggest that SLNB can be feasible and oncologically safe after NAC for cytology-determined axillary node metastasis patients and could help reduce arm morbidity and lymphedema by avoiding ALND in SLN-negative patients.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.238-245
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• 2009

목적: 최근 조기위암에서 내시경하 점막절제술, 점막하층 박리술과 복강경 보조 위 절제술이 시행되고 있으나 적응 범위는 논란의 여지가 있다. 이에 조기위암으로 수술을 받은 환자들을 분석하여 내시경 치료나 축소 수술 등의 치료 방침의 기준을 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1986년부터 2003년까지 조기위암으로 근치절제술을 받은 881명의 환자들을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 전체 환자군에서 예후 인자를 구하고 림프절 전이 및 재발에 영향을 미치는 인자를 알아보았다. 결과: 881명의 환자 중 59명이 사망하였고 21명이 재발되었다. 예후 인자는 단변량 분석상 수술 방법, 종양의 육안적 소견, 정맥관 침습여부와 림프절 병기가, 다변량 분석상 환자의 연령, 수술 방법, 종양의 육안적 소견 및 림프절 병기가 의미 있는 예후 인자였다. 림프절 전이 양성환자는 음성환자에 비해 단변량 분석상, 종양 침윤 깊이, 종양의 크기, 림프절 절제 정도, 림프관 침습여부와 정맥관 침습여부가, 다변량 분석상, 침윤 깊이, 종양 크기, 림프관 침습여부 및 정맥관 침습여부에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 재발에 영향을 미친 인자에 대하여 다변량 분석 결과 종양의 침윤 깊이와 림프절 전이 여부가 영향을 미친 독립적인 인자로 나타났다. 결론: 조기위암에서 축소 치료 계획 시에는 림프절 전이 가능성을 고려하여 종양의 침윤 깊이와 크기 및 림프관, 정맥관 침습 여부를 확인하여야 하며, 림프절 전이 의심시에는, 위 절제술 및 광범위 림프절 곽청술을 고려해야 한다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.61-64
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• 2016

There are various types of malignancy in eyelid, such as squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. These malignant tumors have potential of metastasis by regional lymph node drainage. The lymph node around parotid gland has been known as a common site of regional lymph node metastasis. The rarity of malignant tumors in the periorbital area makes it difficult to determine the optimal extent of treatment. We report a case of parotid metastasis after eyelid cancer operation in a 60-year-old man.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.509-518
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• 2019

목적: 악성 종양 환자에서 림프절 전이를 발견하는 것은 초기에 정확한 병기 및 예후와 관련된 정보를 알 수 있고 수술 후 보조치료(adjuvant therapy)의 필요성을 평가해서 조기에 치료를 할 수 있도록 해주기 때문에 중요하다. 본 연구를 통해 정형외과 영역의 악성 종양 환자를 평가함에 있어 양전자 방출 컴퓨터 단층 촬영기(positron emission tomography/computed tomography, PET/CT)가 sentinel lymph node biopsy와 비교하여 유용한지를 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년부터 2018년까지 악성 근골격계 종양으로 진단받고 PET/CT를 촬영한 환자 251명 중 72명의 환자를 선별하여 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 림프절 전이가 의심되는 환자군은 조직검사를 시행하였다. 분석은 의무기록, 임상정보, PET/CT 영상 및 판독 소견, 병리 결과를 통해 시행하였으며, 임상경과 및 병리검사 결과를 PET/CT 결과와 비교하여 PET/CT의 정확도를 평가하였다. 결과: 환자의 나이는 14세에서 88세까지 분포하였고, 평균 추시 기간은 2.4년이었으며, 22명에서 림프절의 전이가 확인되었다. 육종 및 비육종 종양에서 PET/CT 영상의 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측도, 음성예측도는 전문가의 소견을 함께 고려할 경우 상당히 상승하는 것을 확인하였다. 결론: 본 연구를 통하여 전문가의 소견을 함께 고려한다면, 림프절의 전이를 발견하는 데 PET/CT의 유용성은 증가할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2006

과거 유방암 환자에서 대부분을 수술로 불필요한 액와림프절 절개술을 하였지만, 그 결과로 부작용이 발생하였다. 본 논문에서는 유방암 환자에게 $^{99m}Tc-Tincolloid$를 이용하여 수술 전 유방림프절 검사를 먼저 시행한 뒤 처음 나오는 전초림프절을 영상화한 뒤 전초림프절의 전이 여부에 따라 수술범위를 달리 결정함으로써 환자의 수술 시간 및 수술 후의 부작용 최소화가 목적이다. 논문의 실험 결과는 실험대상 20명의 환자 중 15명에서는 액와림프절 절개술을 시행하지 않아도 되기에 수술로 인한 부작용을 줄일 수 있다. 그러나 아직까지 표준방법, 즉 방사성의약품 주사부위, 방사선량, 주사량, 마사지여부, 림프신티그라피 시행여부 등이 결정되지 않았으므로, 환자에 대한 고통경감과 부작용을 최소화 하고 수술부위를 최소화하기 위해서는 유방암 림프절검사법이 유용할 것이라 생각된다. 실험의 대상이 되는 환자는 초음파, 유방촬영술, 생검에서 유방암 진단을 받고 수술할 예정인 환자 20명으로, 환자의 연령 범위는 $31{\sim}71$세로 평균 연령은 45.4세이며, 임상 병기 I이 9명, 임상병기 II가 11명이다. 실험 장비로는 전초림프절을 묘출시켜주는 추적자로 $^{99m}Tc-Tincolloid(Amesham)$과 전초림프절의 위치를 찾는 장비로 Micro Probe : Neoprobe 2000(이하 감마 프로브), 영상 묘출 장비로 MS-II Gamma Camera : SIEMENS (이하 MS-II Gamma Camera)가 사용되었다. 실험 방법은 3가지 방법을 사용하며, 그 중 하나를 선택해 전초림프절 검사 및 수술실에서 감마프로브를 이용하여 생검을 실시한 결과의 20명 모두에서 전초림프절을 영상화 했다. 그리고 감마프로브로 전초림프절을 찾아 조직 생검 결과 20명 중에서 전초림프절의 전이가 발견된 환자는 5명이다. 본 실험에서 전이가 발견된 환자 5명을 다시 액와림프절을 생검한 결과의 3명에서 액와림프절 전이가 발견되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.282-288
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neck node metastasis pattern and related clinical factors in oral cavity cancer patients. Materials and Methods: In total, 76 patients (47 males, 29 females) with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) who had no previous malignancies and were not undergoing neoadjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy were selected for analysis. Results: Occult metastases were found in 8 of 52 patients with clinically negative nodes (cN0, 15.4%). Neck node metastases were found in 17 patients (22.4%). There was a statistically significant relationship between neck node metastasis and T stage (P=0.014) and between neck node metastasis and distant metastasis (Fisher's exact test, P=0.019). Conclusion: Neck node metastasis was significantly related to tumor size and distant metastasis during follow-up.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate dynamic contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) variables, for axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis in the early stage of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: January 2011-April 2015, 787 patients with early stage of breast cancer were retrospectively reviewed. Only cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, were included in the patient population. Among them, 240 patients who underwent 3.0-T DCE-MRI, including DWI with b value 0 and $800s/mm^2$ were enrolled. MRI variables (adjacent vessel sign, whole-breast vascularity, initial enhancement pattern, quantitative kinetic parameters, signal enhancement ratio (SER), tumor apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), peritumoral ADC, and peritumor-tumor ADC ratio) clinico-pathologic variables (age, T stage, multifocality, extensive intraductal carcinoma component (EIC), estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER-2 status, Ki-67, molecular subtype, histologic grade, and nuclear grade) were compared between patients with axillary lymph node metastasis and those with no lymph node metastasis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed, to determine independent variables associated with ALN metastasis, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), for predicting ALN metastasis was analyzed, for those variables. Results: On breast MRI, moderate or prominent ipsilateral whole-breast vascularity (moderate, odds ratio [OR] 3.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-9.51 vs. prominent, OR = 15.59, 95% CI 2.52-96.46), SER (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.09-2.59), and peritumor-tumor ADC ratio (OR = 6.77, 95% CI 2.41-18.99), were independently associated with ALN metastasis. Among clinico-pathologic variables, HER-2 positivity was independently associated, with ALN metastasis (OR = 23.71, 95% CI 10.50-53.54). The AUC for combining selected MRI variables and clinico-pathologic variables, was higher than that of clinico-pathologic variables (P < 0.05). Conclusion: SER, moderate or prominent increased whole breast vascularity, and peritumor-tumor ADC ratio on breast MRI, are valuable in predicting ALN metastasis, in patients with early stage of breast cancer.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 1998

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor except for multiple myeloma. Hematogenous spread of osteosarcoma presents the t1susal route of dissemination. Lung metastasis is the most common, however the lymph node involvement is quite rare. In addition, according to Mirra, radiologically detectable involvement of lymph node is an extremely rare manifestation of osteosarcoma. The authors had experienced a patient with an osteosarcoma of the right distal femur which spread to the right inguinal lymph node and lung. After preoperative chemotheraphy, a limb salvage operation was performed around the lesion of right distal femur and the right inguinal lymph nodes were dissected. A adjuvant postoperative chemotheraphy was performed. After the treatment, there was no recurrence of osteosarcoma or any other metastatic evidence for two years and 8 months.