• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.193-212
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• 1992

Comparative hormones quantities on the blood analysis was carried out to investigate the hormones specific characters on the blood in four types of physical constitution. Thyroid-stimulating (TSH), triiodothyronine($T_3$), triiodothyronine uptake($T_3$ uptake), free triiodothyronine(free $T_3$), thyroxine($T_4$), free thyroxine (free $T_4$), thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG), adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH), luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone were measured. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The value of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, while the value of So-EUM-IN was increased and SO-YANG-IN was decreased. 2. The value of triiodothyronine($T_3$) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, while the value of TAE-EUM-IN was decreased. 3. The value of triiodothyronine uptake($T_3$ uptake) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, but between the value of TAE-EUM-IN and SO-EUM-IN, TAE-EUM-In and SO-YANG-IN showed significant difference. 4. The value of free triiodothyronine(free $T_3$) on the constitution didn't shown signifcant difference, but between the value of TAE-EUM-IN and SO-EUM-In, TAE-EUM-In and SO-YANG-IN showed significant difference. 5. The value of thyroxine($T_4$) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, while the value of TAE-EUM-IN and SO-YANG-IN showed difference. 6. The value of free thyroxine(free $T_4$) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, but between the value of TAE-EUM-IN and SO-YANG-IN showed significant difference. 7. The value of thyroxine-binding globulin(TBG) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference. 8. The value of adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference. 9. The value of luteinizing hormone(LH) on the constitution didn't shown significant difference, but between the value of TAE-EUM-IN and SO-EUM-IN, TAE-EUM-IN and SO-YANG-IN showed significant difference. 10. The value of testosterone on the constitution didn't shown significant difference.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2021

Mutations in the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptors (LH/CGRs), representatives of the G protein-coupled receptor family, have been rapidly identified over the last 20 years. This review aims to compare and analyze the data reported the activating and inactivating mutations of the LH/CGRs between human, rat, equine and fish, specifically (Japanese eel Anguilla japonica). Insights obtained through detailed study of these naturally-occurring mutations provide a further update of structure-function relationship of these receptors. Specifically, we present a variety of data on eel LH/CGR. These results provide important information about LH/CGR function in fish and the regulation of mutations of the highly conserved amino acids in glycoprotein hormone receptors.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2018

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) centrally plays a role in control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis-related hormone secretions in the reproductive neuroendocrine system. In addition, hormone receptors like luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) are important element for hormones to take effect in target organ. However, ageing-dependent changes in terms of the distribution of GnRH neurons in the brain and LHR expression in the acyclic ovary have not been fully understood yet. Therefore, we comparatively investigated those ageing-dependent changes using young (1-5 months), middle (11-14 months) and old (21-27 months) aged female mice. Whereas a number of GnRH positive fibers and neurons with monopolar or bipolar morphology were abundantly observed in the brain of the young and middle aged mice, a few GnRH positive neurons with multiple dendrites were observed in the old aged mice. In addition, acyclic ovary without repeated development and degeneration of the follicles was shown in the old aged mice than others. LHR expression was localized in theca cells, granulosa cell, corpora lutea and atretic follicle in the ovaries from young and middle aged mice, in contrast, old aged mice had few positive LHR expression on the follicles due to acyclic ovary. However, the whole protein level of LHR was higher in the ovary of old aged mice than others. These results are expected to be used as an important basis on the relationship between GnRH and LHR in old aged animals as well as in further research for reproduction failure.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.168-179
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• 2020

Objective: This study investigated testicular oxidative stress status and physiomorphological function in Wistar rats fed with yaji and cadmium chloride (CdCl₂). Methods: Sixty male albino Wistar rats (12 per group) were randomly assigned to five groups: group I (control), group II (300 mg/kg.bw of yaji), group III (500 mg/kg.bw of yaji), group IV (2.5 mg/kg.bw of CdCl₂), and group V (2.5 mg/kg.bw of yaji+4 mg/kg.bw omega-3). Each group was evenly subdivided into two subgroups and treatment was administered for 14 days and 42 days, respectively. Semen quality (sperm count, progressive motility, normal morphology, and gonadosomatic index), hormones (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone), testicular oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malonaldehyde) and testicular histomorphological features were examined. Results: Yaji caused significant (p< 0.05) dose- and duration-dependent reductions in semen quality, the gonadosomatic index, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Yaji also caused significant (p< 0.05) dose- and duration-dependent decreases in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as increased testicular malonaldehyde levels. Yaji induced distortions in the testicular histological architecture. CdCl₂ damaged testicular function by significantly (p< 0.05) reducing semen quality, reproductive hormone levels, and oxidative stress markers in albino Wistar rats. CdCl₂ also altered the histology of the testis. Conclusion: This study shows that yaji sauce has similar anti-fertility effects to those of CdCl₂, as it adversely interferes with male reproduction by impairing oxidative stress markers and the function and morphological features of the testis.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2020

Kisspeptin, expressed mainly in the hypothalamus, stimulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons to facilitate reproduction. In some model animals, the kisspeptin is also expressed in the pituitary. Recently, a pathway has been suggested in which kisspeptin acts directly on the pituitary to secretion of gonadotropin in mammals. In the present study, pituitaries of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were cultured at different concentrations of kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10, FNYNPLSLRF) for 3 hours to observe the effect of kisspeptin on the expression of follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit (fshβ) gene and luteinizing hormone β subunit (lhβ) gene. Pituitary tissues were cultured with 0.1 μM of Kp-10, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), or LHRH+Kp-10 for 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours to investigate changes in the expression of fshβ and lhβ mRNA. Pituitaries cultured with high concentration of Kp-10 more than 0.1 μM for 3 hours exhibited a significant increase of fshβ mRNA expression, but not lhβ mRNA. The expression of both fshβ and lhβ mRNA increased after 6 hours in 0.1 μM of Kp-10 medium in comparison with that in the control medium. Tissues cultured in the LHRH medium however exhibited increased expression of both genes not only at 6 but also 12 hours. There were no significant differences of fshβ and lhβ gene expression in tissues cultured with LHRH+KP-10 medium compared with the control. These results suggested that although kisspeptin plays an important role in fshβ and lhβ expression in the pituitary of Nile tilapia, its action is far more complicated than expected.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2008

한국 남성의 연령 증가에 따른 혈중 luteinizing hormone(LH), testosterone(T), 그리고 타액 T 수준 변화를 조사하였다. 혈중LH 수준은 40대까지 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았으나(20s, $2.5{\sim}1.0$; 30s, $2.7{\sim}1.5$; and 40s, $2.5{\sim}1.8\;mIU/mL$), 50대 이상에서 유의하게 증가하였다(50s, $3.7{\sim}1.8$ and 60s, $3.1{\sim}1.7\;mIU/mL$). 또한, 혈중 T 수준도 40대까지는 변화하지 않았으나(20s, $5.3{\sim}2.6$, 30s, $4.4{\sim}1.4$, 40s, $4.1{\sim}1.5$ ng/mL), 50대 이후 유의하게 감소하였다(50s, $3.4{\sim}1.5$; 60s, $2.6{\sim}0.8\;ng/mL$). 타액 T 수준 또한 40대까지 약간의 변화가 나타났으나($20s{\sim}40s$, $0.11{\pm}0.015\;ng/mL$), 50대에 유의하게 감소하였다($0.08{\sim}0.03\;ng/mL$). 타액 T 대 혈중 T의 상대적인 비율은 모든 연령대에서 유의한 변화가 없었다($2.4{\sim}0.9%$). 직선회귀 분석(Linear regression analysis)에서 혈중 LH 수준은 매년 1.5%씩 증가하고 혈중 T와 타액 T 수준은 각각 매년 1%와 0.8%씩 감소하는 것으로 예측되었다. 혈중 T/LH 비율은 40대까지 유의한 변화가 없었으나($20s{\sim}40s$; $2.27{\pm}0.14$) 50대에 유의하게 감소하였다($1.2{\sim}1.0$). 연령과 관련된 타액 T/LH 비율은 혈중 T/LH 비율과 대단히 유사하였다. 본 연구 결과에서 혈중 LH와 T, 그리고 타액 T 수준이 한국인 남성에서 40대까지는 유의하게 변화하지 않았고, 50대부터는 LH 수준이 증가하고 T 수준이 감소하였다. 이 결과는 50대경 노화과정에 의해 일어나는 원발성 정소부전(primary testicular failure)이 원인인 것으로 보인다. 또한, 본 연구결과는 비록 타액 T 수준이 혈중 총 T 수준과 약한 상관관계(r=0.53)를 갖지만, 혈중 free T 수준을 나타내는 것으로 보인다. 그러므로, 타액 T 수준에 대한 정보는 연령과 관련해서 나타나는 남성 정소생리를 연구하는데 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2006년도 The 6th Intermational Symposium on Developmental Biotechnology
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• pp.91-92
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• 2006

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.178.1-178
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2000

Evidence suggested that atypical antipsychotics (APs) such as clozapine show less side effects than those of typical APs such as haloperidol and sulpiride. However, little is known about chronic effects of these drugs on changes in gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) mRNA expression and luteinizing hormone (LH) immunoreactivity. Male rats were divided into water-, haloperidol-, sulpiride-, and clozapine-treated groups, and these drugs were administered orally for 4 weeks. The changes in the expression of GnRH mRNA and the LH immunoreactivity were determined in the hypothalamus and pituitary, respectively, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. GnRH mRNAs were clearly expressed in the water-treated control vats. This was significantly reduced by the chronic treatments with the typical APs, especially with haloperidol, but not with atypical APs clozapine. Likewise, LH immunoreactivity was clearly stained in the control group. While its immunoreativity was significantly reduced by the chronic APs treatments, clozapine treatment showed only slight attenuation. The results show that the atypical APs clozapine has less side effects in the gonadal function than the typical APs haloperidol and the sulpiride. These results suggest that clozapine is a safer drug than the typical APs, at least in the reproductive system.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.235-251
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• 2012

The reproductive activity in male mammals is well known to be regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis. The hypothalamic neurons secreting gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) govern the reproductive neuroendocrine system by integrating all the exogenous information impinging on themselves. The GnRH synthesized and released from the hypothalamus arrives at the anterior pituitary through the portal vessels, provoking the production of the gonadotropins(follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)) at the same time. The gonadotropins affect the gonads to promote spermatogenesis and to secret testosterone. Testosterone acts on the GnRH neurons by a feedback loop through the circulatory system, resulting in the balance of all the hormones by regulating reproductive activities. These hormones exert their effects by acting on their own receptors, which are included in the signal transduction pathways as well. Unexpected aberrants are arised during this course of action of each hormone. This review summarizes these abnormal phenomena, including various mutations of molecules and their actions related to the reproductive function.